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The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Edouard Dubufe is in Painters.
On 31st August 1819 Edouard Dubufe was born.
1861. Edouard Dubufe (age 41). Portrait of Princess Mathilde Laetitia Wilhelmine Bonaparte (age 40).
Princess Mathilde Laetitia Wilhelmine Bonaparte: On 27th May 1820 she was born. Adeline Horsey Recollections. In the autumn of 1844 we went to Bretby [Map], the seat of the Earl of Chesterfield, where we spent a most enjoyable time. There was a large house-party, among many others the Duke and Duchess of Montrose, Mr. and Lady Sophia des Voeux, Lord Alvanley, and the Count de Nieukerke, who was the recognised lover of Princess Mathilde Bonaparte. M. de Nieukerke was a very charming man, and he was much struck by my singing, and used to compare me with George Sand's heroine - Consuelo - for I was a very pretty girl with a slight, but fine figure, and long hair that fell in curls below my knees. On 2nd January 1904 she died.
On 11th August 1883 Edouard Dubufe (age 63) died.