The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland was born to [her father] Adam Mure.
In 1336 King Robert II of Scotland (age 19) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She had been his mistress for a number of years.
Around 1337 [her son] King Robert III of Scotland was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 20) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. He a great x 4 grandson of King John of England. He married 1367 Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland and had issue.
Around 1338 [her son] Walter Stewart was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 21) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. He a great x 4 grandson of King John of England. He married his fourth cousin Isabella Fife, daughter of Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife.
In 1339 [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 22) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland were married again, their original marriage was regarded as uncanonical, following receipt of a papal dispensation dated 22 Nov 1347.
Around 1340 [her son] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 23) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland at Dundonald Castle, Dundonald. He a great x 4 grandson of King John of England. He married (1) 28th September 1361 his fourth cousin once removed Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith, daughter of John Graham Earl Menteith and Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar, and had issue (2) 1381 Muriella Keith Duchess Albany and had issue.
Around 1343 [her son] Alexander "The Wolf of Badenoch" Stewart 3rd Earl Buchan was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 26) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. He a great x 4 grandson of King John of England. He married (1) 24th February 1382 his second cousin once removed Euphemia 6th Countess of Ross, daughter of William 5th Earl Ross.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Around 1348 [her daughter] Marjorie Stewart Countess Moray was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 31) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England. She married (1) before 1371 her half third cousin John Dunbar 1st Earl of Moray, son of Patrick Dunbar 9th Earl March and Agnes "Black Agnes" Randolph Countess March, and had issue (2) 15th February 1390 Alexander Keith and had issue.
Around 1350 [her daughter] Elizabeth Stewart was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 33) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England. She married before 7th November 1372 Thomas Hay 7th Baron Erroll and had issue.
In 1350 [her daughter] Princess Johanna aka Jean Stewart was born to [her husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 33) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England. She married (1) before 27th December 1375 John Keith (2) 1376 John Lyon Lord of Glamis and had issue.
Before May 1355 Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland died.
Around 1356 [her former husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 39) and Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of Hugh 4th Earl Ross and Margaret Graham Countess Ross.
On 19th April 1390 [her former husband] King Robert II of Scotland (age 74) died at Dundonald Castle, Dundonald. He was buried at Scone Abbey [Map]. His son [her son] Robert (age 53) succeeded III King Scotland. [her daughter-in-law] Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. His son David succeeded 3rd Earl Strathearn.
[her daughter] Isabella Stewart Countess Douglas was born to King Robert II of Scotland and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England. She married (1) David Edmonstone (2) her half third cousin once removed James Douglas 2nd Earl Douglas, son of William Douglas 1st Earl Douglas and Margaret Mar Countess Douglas 11th Countess Mar.
[her daughter] Katherine Stewart was born to King Robert II of Scotland and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England.
[her daughter] Margaret Stewart was born to King Robert II of Scotland and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King John of England.