Biography of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 1410-1484

Paternal Family Tree: Sinclair

Maternal Family Tree: Margaret Graham Countess Ross

William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness and Janet Yeman Countess Orkney and Caithness were married. She by marriage Countess Orkney, Countess Caithness. He the son of Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney and Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney.

In 1407 [his father] Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney (age 32) and [his mother] Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney (age 27) were married. She by marriage Countess Orkney.

In 1410 William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness was born to [his father] Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney (age 35) and [his mother] Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney (age 30).

Around 1420 [his father] Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney (age 45) died. His son William (age 10) succeeded 3rd Earl Orkney.

In or after 1425 [his brother-in-law] James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale (age 54) and [his sister] Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale (age 27) were married. She by marriage Countess Douglas, Countess Avondale. The difference in their ages was 27 years. She the daughter of [his father] Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney and [his mother] Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney (age 45). He the son of Archibald "Grim" Douglas 3rd Earl Douglas and Joanna Strathearn Countess Douglas. They were great uncle and niece.

In 1436 [his son] William Sinclair 2nd Lord Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 26) and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.40%. He married after 29th April 1458 Christian Leslie Lady Sinclair and had issue.

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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Around 1438 [his mother] Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney (age 58) died.

In 1440 [his daughter] Catherine Sinclair Duchess Albany was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 30) and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.40%. She married before 1477 her second cousin Alexander Stewart 1st Duke Albany, son of King James II of Scotland and Mary of Guelders Queen Consort Scotland, and had issue.

Around 1440 [his daughter] Katherine Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 30) and [his future wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Before 1448 William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 37) and Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness were married. She by marriage Countess Orkney, Countess Caithness. He the son of Henry Sinclair 2nd Earl Orkney and Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney.

In 1448 [his son] Robert Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 38) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1450 [his daughter] Margaret Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 40) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1451 [his daughter] Susan Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 41) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1452 [his son] Arthur Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 42) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

In 1452 [his son] Oliver Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 42) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1453 [his son] George Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 43) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1454 [his son] Alexander Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 44) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

In 1455 William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 45) was created 1st Earl Caithness.

Around 1455 [his daughter] Elizabeth Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 45) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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Around 1455 [his daughter] Mariota Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 45) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Around 1455 [his daughter] Marjory Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 45) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

In 1457 [his daughter] Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 47) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness. She married before April 1475 her half fifth cousin once removed John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl, son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland, and had issue.

After 29th April 1458 William Sinclair 2nd Lord Sinclair (age 22) and Christian Leslie Lady Sinclair were married. He the son of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 48) and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney.

In 1459 [his son] William Sinclair 2nd Earl Caithness was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 49) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness at Ravenscraig Castle. He married Margaret Keith Countess Caithness and had issue.

Before 8th February 1462 [his sister] Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale (age 64) died.

Around 1470 [his daughter] Euphemia Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 60) and [his wife] Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness.

Before April 1475 [his son-in-law] John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 35) and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl (age 18) were married. She by marriage Countess Atholl. She the daughter of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 65) and Marjory Sutherland Countess Orkney and Caithness. He the son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland. They were half fifth cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.

Before 1477 [his son-in-law] Alexander Stewart 1st Duke Albany (age 22) and Catherine Sinclair Duchess Albany (age 36) were married. She by marriage Duchess Albany. The marriage was subsequently regarded as illegitimate. She the daughter of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 66) and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney. He the son of King James II of Scotland and Mary of Guelders Queen Consort Scotland. They were second cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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In 1479 [his daughter] Catherine Sinclair Duchess Albany (age 39) died.

In 1479 [his daughter] Katherine Sinclair (age 39) died.

Around 1480 [his daughter] Marjory Sinclair (age 25) died.

In 1484 William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness (age 74) died. His son William (age 25) succeeded 2nd Earl Caithness. William Sinclair 2nd Lord Sinclair (age 48) was appointed 2nd Lord Sinclair.

Alexander Stewart and [his mother] Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney were married. He the son of Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany and Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany. They were half first cousin once removed. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.

[his daughter] Unamed Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness and Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.40%.

[his son] David Sinclair was born to William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness.

William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 1410-1484 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 1410-1484

Kings Wessex: Great x 11 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 7 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 13 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 8 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings England: Great x 6 Grand Son of King John of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 10 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 19 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 12 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 16 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 1410-1484
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [1]

Queen Consort Camilla Shand [1]

Diana Spencer Princess Wales [28]

Ancestors of William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 1410-1484

William Sinclair 3rd Earl Orkney 1st Earl Caithness 6 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: William "Longleg" Douglas

Great x 3 Grandfather: William "Hardy" Douglas 2nd Lord Douglas

Great x 4 Grandmother: Constance Battail Battail

Great x 2 Grandfather: James "Black" Douglas

Great x 4 Grandfather: Alexander Stewart 4th High Steward

Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Stewart Baroness Douglas

Great x 1 Grandfather: Archibald "Grim" Douglas 3rd Earl Douglas

GrandFather: William "Nithsdale" Douglas

Mother: Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Alexander Stewart 4th High Steward

Great x 3 Grandfather: James Stewart 5th High Steward

Great x 2 Grandfather: Walter Stewart 6th High Steward

Great x 1 Grandfather: King Robert II of Scotland 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Bruce Earl Carrick 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandfather: King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marjorie Carrick 3rd Countess Carrick

Great x 2 Grandmother: Marjorie Bruce 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Donald Mar 7th Earl of Mar

Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Mar Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elen ferch Llewellyn Aberffraw Countess Huntingdon and Mar Grand Daughter of King John of England

GrandMother: Princess Egidia Stewart 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Earl of Ross

Great x 2 Grandfather: Hugh 4th Earl Ross

Great x 1 Grandmother: Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland

Great x 3 Grandfather: John Graham of Abercorn

Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Graham Countess Ross