Text this colour links to Pages. Text this colour links to Family Trees. Place the mouse over images to see a larger image. Click on paintings to see the painter's Biography Page. Mouse over links for a preview. Move the mouse off the painting or link to close the popup.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Carlisle, Cumberland is in Cumberland.
Flowers of History. 1071. In the same year, king William (age 43) invaded Scotland with a great army, and Malcolm, king of Scotland (age 39), came peaceably to Berwick [Map] to meet him, and became his subject. At this time, count Ranulph of Micenis governed the earldom of Carlisle, who had given efficacious assistance to king William in his conquest of England. He began to build the city of Carlisle [Map], and to strengthen the citizens with many privileges. But when king William was returning from Scotland through Cumberland, seeing so royal a city, he took it from count Ranulph, and gave him instead of it the earldom of Chester, which was endowed with many honours and privileges. And king William commanded Carlisle to be fortified with very strong towers and ramparts. Moreover, king William the Conqueror, on his return from Scotland, built a new castle at Durham [Map], to serve as a protection against the irruptions of the Scots.
Chronicon ex Chronicis. On Monday the nones [5th April 1092] of April, Osmund, bishop of Salisbury, assisted by Walkelin, bishop of Winchester, and John, bishop of Bath, consecrated the church which he had built in the castle of Sarum. Remi, who by license from William the Elder had transferred the seat of his bishopric from Dorchester [Map] to Lincoln, was desirous of consecrating the church which he had built at Lincoln, worthy indeed to be the cathedral of a bishop's see1, because he felt that the day of his death was at hand; but Thomas, archbishop of York, opposed him, asserting that the church was built within his diocese. However, king William the younger, for a sum of money paid to him by Remi, summoned nearly all the bishops of England to assemble together on the twentieth of the ides [the 9th] of May, and dedicate the church; but two days before the time fixed, by the mysterious providence of God, bishop Remi himself departed from the world, and in consequence the consecration of the church was deferred. After this the king went into Northumbria, and restored the city which is called in the British tongue Cairleii, and in Latin Lugubalia (Carlisle [Map]), and built a castle there; for this city, like some others in that quarter, had been laid in ruins by the heathen Danes two hundred years before, and had been uninhabited up to this time.
Note 1. Cf. Henry of Huntingdon, pp. 219, 220, Antiq. Lib.
On 24th May 1153 King David I of Scotland (age 69) died at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map]. His grandson Malcolm (age 12) succeeded King Scotland.
On 9th February 1307 the Battle of Loch Ryan was a victory of local forces, led by Dungal MacDowall, supporter of King Edward I, over a force consisting of 1000 men and eighteen galleys led by Thomas Bruce (age 23) and Alexander Bruce (age 22), brothers of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland (age 32), supported by Malcolm McQuillan, Lord of Kintyre, and Sir Reginald Crawford. Only two galleys escaped. Malcolm McQuillan was captured an summarily executed.
Thomas Bruce, Alexander Bruce and Reginald Crawford were hanged (possibly hanged, drawn and quartered) at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
On 3rd March 1323 Andrew Harclay 1st Earl Carlisle (age 53) was hanged at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map]. Earl Carlisle forfeit. He had negotiated a truce with the Scots despite having successfuly defeated the rebels at the Battle of Boroughbridge a year before for which he was enobled by King Edward II of England (age 38).
Before April 1360 Matthew Redman (age 57) died at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
Froissart Book 13. Before 5th August 1388. Now let us speak of the earl Douglas (age 30) and other, for they had more to do than they that went by Carlisle, Cumberland [Map]. When the earls of Douglas, of Moray (age 46), of March, and Dunbar (age 50)1 departed from the great host, they took their way thinking to pass the water and to enter into the bishopric of Durham, and to ride to the town and then to return, brenning and exiling the country and so to come to Newcastle [Map] and to lodge there in the town in the despite of all the Englishmen. And as they determined, so they did assay to put it in use, for they rode a great pace under covert without doing of any pillage by the way or assaulting of any castle, tower or house, but so came into the lord Percy's land and passed the river of Tyne without any let a three leagues above Newcastle not far from Brancepeth, and at last entered into the bishopric of Durham, where they found a good country. Then they began to make war, to slay people and to bren villages and to do many sore displeasures.
Note 1. George, earl of March and Dunbar: the text gives Mare, but there was at this time no earl of Mar.
In 1393 Richard Redman (age 43) held a tournament at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
After 10th May 1461 John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 30) raised the siege at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
Chronicle of Edward Hall [1496-1548]. February 1537. Also in the said month, Nichol Musgrave, Thomas Tilbie, with other began a new rebellion at Kirbie Stephen [Map] in Westmoreland with eight thousand persons, and besieged the city of Carlisle [Map], from whence they were beaten, with the only power of the city, and in their returning the Duke of Norfolk (age 64), who then was made Lieutenant of the North encountered with them, and took the captains, and according to the law martial, arraigned threescore and fourteen of them, and hanged them on Carlisle walls, but Musgrave escaped. And in the same month of February began yet another insurreccion, by the enticement of Sir Frances Bigod (age 29), a man no doubt that loved God, and feared his Prince, with a right obedient and loving fear but now being deceived and provoked thereunto by false rebellious persons, it was his fortune to taste of the end which appertains to rebels such are men when God leaves them to themselves, and when they will enterprise the doing of that thing which God's most holy word utterly forbids. This Bigod was apprehended and brought to the Tower of London. This last rebellion began in Setrington, and in Pikerin Leigh, and Scarborough.
In 1545 Robert Smith was elected MP Carlisle.
On 21st March 1557 Anne Dacre Countess Arundel was born to Thomas Dacre 4th Baron Dacre Gilsland 8th Baron Greystoke (age 30) and Elizabeth Leybourne Duchess Norfolk (age 21) at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 22nd July 1557. The sam day cam from my lord Dacurs of the North (age 60), beyond Carlylle [Map], (blank) lyght hors-men to go [beyond] see.
Archaeologia Volume V32 1847 Section X. The Queen of Scots (age 25) landed on the shore of Cumberland on the 16th of May, 1568. On the next day she wrote from Workington to Queen Elizabeth (age 34), announcing her arrival. On the 18th she was conducted to Cockermouth, and the next day to Carlisle [Map]. There she remained till the 13th of July, when she was taken to Bolton [Map], castle of the Lord Scrope (age 34), in the North Riding. She was at Bolton for more than half a year. Her last letter written from that place is dated January 25, 1569, the day before she reluctantly set out on her journey southward.
On 13th June 1592 Henry Scrope 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 58) died at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map]. His son Thomas (age 25) succeeded 10th Baron Scrope of Bolton. Philadelphia Carey Baroness Scrope Bolton by marriage Baroness Scrope of Bolton.
On 22nd July 1620 Thomas Tully Divine was born in Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
In 1661 Christopher Musgrave 4th Baronet (age 29) was elected MP Carlisle. He was re-elected in 1679, 1681 and 1685.
In 1661 Philip Howard (age 30) was elected MP Carlisle.
In 1712 John Thomas was born to John Thomas and Ann Kelsick in Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
In 1775 Walter Spencer-Stanhope (age 24) was elected MP Carlisle.
In 1780 William Lowther 1st Earl Lonsdale (age 22) was elected MP Carlisle.
In 1796 Frederick Vane-Fletcher 2nd Baronet (age 35) was elected MP Carlisle.
In 1802 Walter Spencer-Stanhope (age 51) was elected MP Carlisle.
In 1808 Robert Hodgson of Congleton (age 67) died at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
On 5th July 1843 Bishop Mandell Crichton was born at Carlisle, Cumberland [Map].
In 1859 Wilfrid Lawson 2nd Baronet (age 29) was elected MP Carlisle which seat he held until 1865.
In 1868 Wilfrid Lawson 2nd Baronet (age 38) was elected MP Carlisle which seat he held until 1885.
John of Fordun's Chronicle. 114. King Robert accused before the King of England by John Comyn
As the said John's accusations were repeated, at length, one night, while the wine glittered in the bowl, and that king was hastening to sit down with his secretaries, he talked over Robert's death in earnest, - and shortly determined that he would deprive him of life on the morrow. But when the Earl of Gloucester, who was Robert's true and tried friend in his utmost need, heard of this, he hastily, that same night, sent the aforesaid Robert, by his keeper of the wardrobe, twelve pence and a pair of spurs. So the keeper of the wardrobe, who guessed his lord's wishes, presented these things to Robert, from his lord, and added these words: "My lord sends these to you, in return for what he, on his side, got from you yesterday." Robert understood, from the tokens offered him, that he was threatened by the danger of death; so he discreetly gave the pence to the keeper of the wardrobe, and forthwith sent him back to the Earl with greeting in answer, and with thanks.
Then, when twilight came on, that night, after having ostentatiously ordered his servants to meet him at Carlisle [Map], with his trappings, on the evening of the following day, he straightway hastened towards Scotland, without delay, and never stopped travelling, day or night, until he was safe from the aforesaid king's spite. Tor he was under the guidance of One of whom it is written: - "There is no wisdom, no foresight, no understanding against the Lord, who knoweth how to snatch the good from trial, and mercifully to deliver from danger those that trust in Him.".
The River Eden rises near Aisgill, Westmoreland [Map] from where it flows past Mallerstang, Westmoreland [Map], Kirkby Stephen [Map], Little Musgrave, Westmoreland [Map], Warcop, Westmoreland [Map], Appleby-in-Westmoreland [Map], Bolton, Westmoreland [Map], Temple Sowerby, Westmoreland [Map], Long Meg and Her Daughters [Map], Armathwaite, Cumberland [Map], Wetheral, Cumberland [Map] to Carlisle, Cumberland [Map] after which it passes the Edward I Monument Burgh by Sands [Map] before joining the Irish Sea.
Stanegate Roman Road is a Roman Road that ran from Corbridge Roman Fort, Northumberland [Map], where Dere Street crossed the River Tyne, to Luguvalium Roman Town [Map] aka Carlisle. It predated Hadrians Wall, subsequently built north of it, by several decades.