Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
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Duke Norfolk is in Dukedoms of England Alphabetically.
1397 Richard II Rewards his Supporters
1476 Death of the Duke of Norfolk
1478 Marriage of Richard Duke of York and Anne Mowbray
1483 Richard III Rewards his Supporters
1483 Disappearance of the Princes in the Tower
There have been four creations of Duke Norfolk:
1st. 29th September 1397. Margaret Plantagenet 1st Duchess of Norfolk. Extinct. 24th March 1399.
2nd. 29th September 1397. Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk. Extinct. 17th January 1476. Death of the Duke of Norfolk.
3rd. 7th February 1477. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York. Extinct. August 1483. Disappearance of the Princes in the Tower.
4th. 5th July 1483. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk. Extant. 2nd June 1572.
Duke Norfolk is also in Dukedoms of England Chronologically, Created Duchesses of England, Extinct Dukedoms of England.
Summary
29th September 1397. Margaret Plantagenet 1st Duchess of Norfolk created. See Richard II Rewards his Supporters.
24th March 1399. Margaret Plantagenet 1st Duchess of Norfolk extinct.
On 29th September 1397 King Richard II [aged 30] rewarded his relations with Dukedoms, possibly for their part in downfall of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [deceased], Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick [aged 59] and Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel [deceased]...
His older half-brother John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 45] was created 1st Duke Exeter. Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 34] by marriage Duchess Exeter.
His nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey [aged 23] was created 1st Duke Surrey.
His first cousin once-removed Margaret was created 1st Duchess Norfolk - for life only. On the same day her grandson Thomas [aged 29] was also created Duke of Norfolk - see below.
His second cousin once removed Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk was created 1st Duke Norfolk. Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk [aged 31] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
His first cousin Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle [aged 24] was created 1st Duke Albemarle. Beatrice Burgundy Countess Rutland and Cork [aged 24] by marriage Duchess Albemarle.
His illegitimate first cousin John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was created 1st Marquess Somerset, 1st Marquess Dorset. Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 12] by marriage Marchioness Somerset, Marchioness Dorset.
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 33] was created 1st Earl of Westmoreland. Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 18] by marriage Countess of Westmoreland.
On 24th March 1399 Margaret Plantagenet 1st Duchess of Norfolk died. Duke Norfolk extinct since it was created for life only. She was buried in the choir of Christ Church, Greyfriars [Map]. Her grandson Thomas [aged 31] succeeded 3rd Earl Norfolk. Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk [aged 33] by marriage Countess Norfolk.
Duke Norfolk is also in Dukedoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Dukedoms of England, Extinct Dukedoms of England.
Summary
29th September 1397. Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] created. See Richard II Rewards his Supporters.
22nd September 1399. Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk forfeit.
June 1425. Son John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 33] restored.
19th October 1432. Son John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 17] succeeded.
6th November 1461. Son John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 17] succeeded.
17th January 1476. John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk extinct. See Death of the Duke of Norfolk.
On 29th September 1397 King Richard II [aged 30] rewarded his relations with Dukedoms, possibly for their part in downfall of Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [deceased], Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick [aged 59] and Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel [deceased]...
His older half-brother John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 45] was created 1st Duke Exeter. Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 34] by marriage Duchess Exeter.
His nephew Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey [aged 23] was created 1st Duke Surrey.
His first cousin once-removed Margaret was created 1st Duchess Norfolk - for life only. On the same day her grandson Thomas [aged 29] was also created Duke of Norfolk - see below.
His second cousin once removed Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk was created 1st Duke Norfolk. Elizabeth Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk [aged 31] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
His first cousin Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle [aged 24] was created 1st Duke Albemarle. Beatrice Burgundy Countess Rutland and Cork [aged 24] by marriage Duchess Albemarle.
His illegitimate first cousin John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was created 1st Marquess Somerset, 1st Marquess Dorset. Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 12] by marriage Marchioness Somerset, Marchioness Dorset.
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 33] was created 1st Earl of Westmoreland. Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 18] by marriage Countess of Westmoreland.
On 22nd September 1399 Thomas Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 31] died of plague in Venice [Map] whilst in exile. He was buried at St Mark's Cathedral, Venice [Map]. Duke Norfolk forfeit. His son Thomas [aged 14] succeeded 4th Earl Norfolk, 2nd Earl Nottingham, 7th Baron Mowbray, 8th Baron Segrave and Earl Marshal.
In June 1425 John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 33] was restored 2nd Duke Norfolk by Parliament. Katherine Neville Duchess Norfolk [aged 25] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 14th July 1425 John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 33] paid homage to King Henry VI of England and II of France [aged 3] for his Dukedom.
On 19th October 1432 John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] died at Epworth. His son John [aged 17] succeeded 3rd Duke Norfolk, 6th Earl Norfolk, 4th Earl Nottingham, 9th Baron Mowbray, 10th Baron Segrave and Earl Marshal.
Before 18th October 1444 John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] and Eleanor Bourchier Duchess Norfolk [aged 27] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She the daughter of William Bourchier 1st Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester Plantagenet Countess Eu and Stafford. He the son of John Mowbray 2nd Duke of Norfolk and Katherine Neville Duchess Norfolk [aged 44]. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 6th November 1461 John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 46] died. He was buried at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map]. His son John [aged 17] succeeded 4th Duke Norfolk, 7th Earl Norfolk, 5th Earl Nottingham, 10th Baron Mowbray, 11th Baron Segrave and Earl Marshal.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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Before 10th December 1472 John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 28] and Elizabeth Talbot Duchess Norfolk [aged 30] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She the daughter of John "Old Talbot" Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Margaret Beauchamp Countess Shrewsbury and Waterford. He the son of John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk and Eleanor Bourchier Duchess Norfolk [aged 55]. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 17th January 1476 John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 31] died at Framlingham Castle, Suffolk [Map]. Suspicious since he was only 32? Duke Norfolk, Earl Surrey and Earl Nottingham extinct. His daughter Anne [aged 3] succeeded 8th Countess Norfolk, 11th Baroness Mowbray, 12th Baroness Segrave and inherited the vast Mowbray estates. She was subsequently married to Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 2] two years later.
Duke Norfolk is also in Dukedoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Dukedoms of England.
Summary
7th February 1477. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 3] created.
August 1483. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York extinct. See Disappearance of the Princes in the Tower.
On 7th February 1477 Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 3] was created 1st Duke Norfolk, 1st Earl Norfolk by his father King Edward IV of England [aged 34] in preparation for his marriage to Anne Mowbray 8th Countess Norfolk [aged 4]. She, Anne, being daughter of the last Duke of Norfolk of the 1st Creation John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk.
On 15th January 1478 Edward IV's youngest son Richard of Shrewsbury [aged 4] and Anne Mowbray [aged 5] were married at St Stephen's Chapel in Westminster [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She the daughter of John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk and Elizabeth Talbot Duchess Norfolk [aged 35]. He the son of King Edward IV of England [aged 35] and Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England [aged 41]. They were second cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
The ceremony was attended by Edward's daughters Elizabeth [aged 11], Mary [aged 10] and Cecily [aged 8].
The day before Thomas Howard [aged 35] was knighted.
In 1483 Parliament changed the succession so Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York would continue to enjoy her inheritance (she died in 1481) effectively dis-inheriting William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 52] (who was subsequently created Earl and Marquess), who accepted a payment of £34,000, and John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 53], who was subsequently created Duke of Norfolk, possibly in compensation.
Thomas Frowyk [aged 55] was created Knight of the Bath.
See Woodville Marriages.
Around August 1483 the Princes in the Tower, brothers King Edward V of England [aged 12] and Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 9] disappeared from the Tower of London [Map].
King Edward V of England: Earl March and Earl Pembroke extinct.
Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York: Duke York, Duke Norfolk and Earl Norfolk, Earl Nottingham extinct.
Commines writes "Not long after, he received letters from the Duke of Gloucester, who had made himself king, styled himself Richard III, and barbarously murdered his two nephews".
Robert Ricart, Mayor of Bristol: "And this yere the two sonnes of King E. were put to scylence in the Towre of London." although it should be noted this was written in the margin.
Croyland Chronicle: "while a rumour was spread that the sons of king Edward before-named had died a violent death, but it was uncertain how."
Polydore Vergil: "And to rid himself of this altogether he decided to kill his nephews, for as long as they were safe he could by no means be free of danger."
Jean Molinet: "They were imprisoned for about five weeks; and by the captain of the tower, the Duke Richard secretly had them put to death and eliminated."
Mancini: "I have seen not a few people burst into tears and weep when his memory was brought up after he was removed from the sight of men, and it was already suspected that he had been eliminated. Whether he has indeed been removed, and by what manner of death, I have not yet discovered."
Robert Fabyan: "In which passe tyme the prynce, or of ryght kynge Edwarde the v., with his broder the duke of Yorke, were put under suer kepynge within the Tower, in suche wyse that they neuer came abrode after."
Duke Norfolk is also in Dukedoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Dukedoms of England, Extant Dukedoms of England.
Summary
5th July 1483. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 58] created. See Richard III Rewards his Supporters.
22nd August 1485. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk forfeit. See Battle of Bosworth.
1st February 1514. Son Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 71] restored. See Creation and Re-creation of Peerages.
21st May 1524. Son Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 51] succeeded.
25th August 1554. Grandson Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 18] succeeded.
2nd June 1572. Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk forfeit. See Ridolphi Plot.
1660. Thomas Howard 5th Duke of Norfolk [aged 32] restored.
13th December 1677. Brother Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk [aged 49] succeeded.
13th January 1684. Son Henry Howard 7th Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] succeeded.
2nd April 1701. Nephew Thomas Howard 8th Duke of Norfolk [aged 17] succeeded.
23rd December 1732. Brother Edward Howard 9th Duke of Norfolk [aged 46] succeeded.
20th September 1777. Second Cousin Charles Howard 10th Duke of Norfolk [aged 56] succeeded.
31st August 1786. Son Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] succeeded.
16th December 1815. Third Cousin Bernard Howard 12th Duke of Norfolk [aged 50] succeeded.
16th March 1842. Son Henry Charles Howard 13th Duke of Norfolk [aged 50] succeeded.
18th February 1856. Son Henry Granville Fitzalan 14th Duke of Norfolk [aged 41] succeeded.
1860. Son Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk [aged 12] succeeded.
11th February 1917. Son Bernard Fitzalan 16th Duke of Norfolk [aged 8] succeeded.
31st January 1975. Second Cousin Miles Stapleton Fitzalan Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk [aged 59] succeeded.
24th June 2002. Son Edward Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk [aged 45] succeeded.
On 5th July 1483 John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 58] was created 1st Duke Norfolk by King Richard III of England [aged 30]. Margaret Chedworth Duchess Norfolk [aged 47] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
His son Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 40] was created 1st Earl Surrey. Elizabeth Tilney Countess of Surrey [aged 39] by marriage Countess Surrey.
William Berkeley [aged 57] was created 1st Earl Nottingham.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk and William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley were heirs to the vast Mowbray estates that had been inherited by Anne Mowbray 8th Countess Norfolk who had been married to Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York [aged 9]. Richard of Shrewsbury's father King Edward IV of England had legislated that in the event of Anne's death his son Richard would continue to benefit from the inheritance; she died in 1481.
Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 27] was created 1st Viscount Lovell. Anne Fitzhugh Viscountess Lovell by marriage Viscountess Lovell. [Note. Some sources place his created on 01 Jan 1483 although the source for that is unknown.]
On 22nd August 1485 King Richard III of England [aged 32] was killed during the Battle of Bosworth. His second cousin once removed Henry Tudor [aged 28] succeeded VII King of England.
Humphrey Cotes [aged 35] died. It isn't clear on which side he was fighting.
Those supporting Henry Tudor included:
John Blount 3rd Baron Mountjoy [aged 35].
John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne [aged 43].
Richard Guildford [aged 35].
Walter Hungerford [aged 21].
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby [aged 50].
Edward Woodville Lord Scales [aged 29].
Edward Courtenay 1st Earl Devon [aged 26].
Rhys ap Thomas Deheubarth [aged 36].
Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford [aged 53].
William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont [aged 47].
Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney [aged 34].
William Stanley [aged 50].
Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley [aged 52].
Henry Marney 1st Baron Marney [aged 38].
William Brandon [aged 29] was killed.
James Harrington [aged 55] was killed.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk [aged 60] was killed and attainted. He was buried firstly at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map] and therafter at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. Duke Norfolk, Baron Mowbray, Baron Segrave, Baron Howard forfeit.
John Sacheverell [aged 85] was killed.
Philibert Chandee 1st Earl Bath
William Norreys [aged 44], Gilbert Talbot [aged 33], John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford [aged 42] and John Savage [aged 41] commanded,.
Robert Poyntz [aged 35] was knighted.
Those who fought for Richard III included:
John Bourchier 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby [aged 47].
John Conyers [aged 74].
Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 17].
William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley [aged 59].
Richard Fitzhugh 6th Baron Fitzhugh [aged 28].
John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 48].
Thomas Scrope 6th Baron Scrope of Masham [aged 26].
Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor [aged 50].
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent [aged 68].
Ralph Neville 3rd Earl of Westmoreland [aged 29].
John de la Pole Earl Lincoln 1st [aged 23].
Humphrey Stafford [aged 59].
George Talbot 4th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 17].
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 42] was wounded, captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map] for three years. He was attainted; Earl Surrey forfeit.
Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell [aged 29] fought and escaped.
John Zouche 7th Baron Zouche Harringworth [aged 26] was captured.
John Babington [aged 62], William Alington [aged 65], Robert Mortimer [aged 43], Robert Brackenbury, Richard Ratclyffe [aged 55] and Richard Bagot [aged 73] were killed
Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 53] was killed.
William Catesby [aged 35] was executed at Leicester, Leicestershire [Map] after the battle.
George Stanley 9th Baron Strange Knockin 5th Baron Mohun Dunster [aged 25] held as a hostage by Richard III before the Battle of Bosworth.
Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland [aged 36] betrayed King Richard III of England by not committing his forces at the Battle of Bosworth.
John Iwardby [aged 35] was killed.
On 1st February 1514 King Henry VIII of England and Ireland [aged 22] created and re-created two peerages....
Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 54] was created 1st Earl Worcester.
Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 71] was restored 2nd Duke Norfolk probably for having secured victory at the Battle of Flodden after which his arms were augmented with an inescutcheon bearing the lion of Scotland pierced through the mouth with an arrow. Some documentation describes this as a creation rather than restoration although he is always referred to as 2nd. Agnes Tilney Duchess Norfolk [aged 37] by marriage Duchess Norfolk
On 21st May 1524 Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk [aged 81] died at Framlingham Castle, Suffolk [Map]. He was buried at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map] and subsequently reburied at the Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. His son Thomas [aged 51] succeeded 3rd Duke Norfolk, 2nd Earl Surrey. Elizabeth Stafford Duchess Norfolk [aged 27] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 25th August 1554 Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk [aged 81] died at Kenninghall, Norfolk. He was buried at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. His grandson Thomas [aged 18] succeeded 4th Duke Norfolk, 3rd Earl Surrey.
In 1556 Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 19] and Mary Fitzalan Duchess Norfolk [aged 16] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk, Countess Surrey. She the daughter of Henry Fitzalan 12th or 19th Earl of Arundel [aged 43] and Katherine Grey. They were second cousin once removed.
In 1558 Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 21] and Margaret Audley Duchess Norfolk [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk, Countess Surrey. They were fourth cousins.
In 1567 Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 30] and Elizabeth Leybourne Duchess Norfolk [aged 31] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk, Countess Surrey.
On 2nd June 1572 Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk [aged 36] was executed for his involvement in the Ridolphi Plot. He was buried at St Peter ad Vincula Church, Tower of London [Map]. Duke Norfolk, Earl Surrey, Baron Mowbray, Baron Segrave forfeit.
John Evelyn's Diary. 15th September 1659. Came to see me Mr. Brereton [aged 28], a very learned gentleman, son to my Lord Brereton [aged 48], with his wife and divers other ladies. Also, Henry Howard of Norfolk [aged 31], since Duke of Norfolk.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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In 1660 Thomas Howard 5th Duke of Norfolk [aged 32] was restored 5th Duke Norfolk by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland in response to a petition by Parliament it having previously been forfeited in 1572 by his great-great-grandfather Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk who had been executed for his involvement in the Ridolphi Plot.
On 13th December 1677 Thomas Howard 5th Duke of Norfolk [aged 50] died in Padua unmarried. He had suffered mental disabilities all his life. His brother Henry [aged 49] succeeded 6th Duke Norfolk, 17th or 24th Earl Arundel, 7th Earl Surrey, 4th Earl Norfolk, 18th Baron Segrave, 19th Baron Strange Blackmere, 17th Baron Mowbray, 16th Baron Talbot, 15th Baron Furnivall, 14th Baron Maltravers, 14th Baron Arundel. Jane Bickerton Duchess Norfolk [aged 34] by marriage Duchess Norfolk. The marriage being so unpopular with his family they went abroad for some time.
On 13th January 1684 Henry Howard 6th Duke of Norfolk [aged 55] died. His son Henry [aged 29] succeeded 7th Duke Norfolk, 18th or 25th Earl Arundel, 8th Earl Surrey, 5th Earl Norfolk, 2nd Earl Norwich, 18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Segrave, 16th Baron Furnivall, 20th Baron Strange Blackmere, 17th Baron Talbot, 15th Baron Maltravers, 15th Baron Arundel, 2nd Baron Howard of Castle Rising, Earl Marshal. Mary Mordaunt Duchess Norfolk [aged 25] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 2nd April 1701 Henry Howard 7th Duke of Norfolk [aged 46] died of apoplexy. He was buried in the Fitzalan Chapel, Arundel Castle [Map]. His nephew Thomas [aged 17] succeeded 8th Duke Norfolk, 19th or 26th Earl Arundel, 9th Earl Surrey, 6th Earl Norfolk, 3rd Earl Norwich, 19th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Segrave, 17th Baron Furnivall, 21st Baron Strange Blackmere, 18th Baron Talbot, 16th Baron Maltravers, 16th Baron Arundel, 3rd Baron Howard of Castle Rising.
On 26th May 1709 Thomas Howard 8th Duke of Norfolk [aged 25] and Maria Shireburn Duchess Norfolk [aged 16] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She bringing a large dowry of £30,000. She eventually left him after he changed his allegiance to George I rejecting the Jacobites.
On 23rd December 1732 Thomas Howard 8th Duke of Norfolk [aged 49] died without issue. His brother Edward [aged 46] succeeded 9th Duke Norfolk, 20th or 27th Earl Arundel, 10th Earl Surrey, 7th Earl Norfolk, 4th Earl Norwich, 20th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Segrave, 18th Baron Furnivall, 22nd Baron Strange Blackmere, 19th Baron Talbot, 17th Baron Maltravers, 17th Baron Arundel, 4th Baron Howard of Castle Rising and Earl Marshal. Mary Blount Duchess Norfolk [aged 21] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 6th April 1771 Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk [aged 25] and Frances Scudamore Duchess Norfolk [aged 21] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. Shortly after their marriage she exhibited signs of mental instability and spent the rest of her life confined to Holme Lacy House, Herefordshire [Map]. He the son of Charles Howard 10th Duke of Norfolk [aged 50] and Catherine Brockholes Duchess Norfolk [aged 52].
On 20th September 1777 Edward Howard 9th Duke of Norfolk [aged 91] died. Earl Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising extinct. His second cousin Charles [aged 56] succeeded 10th Duke Norfolk, 21st or 28th Earl Arundel, 11th Earl Surrey, 8th Earl Norfolk, 18th Baron Maltravers, 18th Baron Arundel. Catherine Brockholes Duchess Norfolk [aged 59] by marriage Duchess Norfolk. Baron Furnivall, Baron Talbot, Baron Strange Blackmere, Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeyant.
On 31st August 1786 Charles Howard 10th Duke of Norfolk [aged 65] died. His son Charles [aged 40] succeeded 11th Duke Norfolk, 22nd or 29th Earl Arundel, 12th Earl Surrey, 9th Earl Norfolk, 19th Baron Maltravers, 19th Baron Arundel. Frances Scudamore Duchess Norfolk [aged 36] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 16th December 1815 Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk [aged 69] died. His third cousin Bernard [aged 50] succeeded 12th Duke Norfolk, 23rd or 30th Earl Arundel, 13th Earl Surrey, 10th Earl Norfolk, 20th Baron Maltravers, 20th Baron Arundel. Elizabeth Belasyse Duchess Norfolk [aged 45] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 19th June 1839 Henry Granville Fitzalan 14th Duke of Norfolk [aged 24] and Augusta Mary Minna Catherine Lyons Duchess Norfolk [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. He the son of Henry Charles Howard 13th Duke of Norfolk [aged 47] and Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Norfolk [aged 51].
On 16th March 1842 Bernard Howard 12th Duke of Norfolk [aged 76] died. He was buried at Fitzalan Chapel, Arundel Castle [Map]. His son Henry [aged 50] succeeded 13th Duke Norfolk, 24th or 31st Earl Arundel, 14th Earl Surrey, 11th Earl Norfolk, 21st Baron Maltravers, 21st Baron Arundel. Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Norfolk [aged 54] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
On 18th February 1856 Henry Charles Howard 13th Duke of Norfolk [aged 64] died. His son Henry [aged 41] succeeded 14th Duke Norfolk, 25th or 32nd Earl Arundel, 15th Earl Surrey, 12th Earl Norfolk, 22nd Baron Maltravers, 22nd Baron Arundel.
In 1860 Henry Granville Fitzalan 14th Duke of Norfolk [aged 45] died. His son Henry [aged 12] succeeded 15th Duke Norfolk, 26th or 33rd Earl Arundel, 16th Earl Surrey, 13th Earl Norfolk, 23rd Baron Maltravers, 23rd Baron Arundel.
In 1877 Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk [aged 29] and Flora Paulyna Hetty Barbara Clifton Duchess Norfolk [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She the daughter of Charles Frederick Abney-Hastings 1st Baron Donington [aged 54] and Edith Maud Rawdon-Hastings 10th Countess Loudon. He the son of Henry Granville Fitzalan 14th Duke of Norfolk and Augusta Mary Minna Catherine Lyons Duchess Norfolk [aged 55].
On 5th February 1904 Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk [aged 56] and Gwendolen Constable-Maxwell Duchess Norfolk [aged 27] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. The difference in their ages was 29 years. He the son of Henry Granville Fitzalan 14th Duke of Norfolk and Augusta Mary Minna Catherine Lyons Duchess Norfolk. They were first cousin once removed.
On 11th February 1917 Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk [aged 69] died. His son Bernard [aged 8] succeeded 16th Duke Norfolk, 27th or 34th Earl Arundel, 17th Earl Surrey, 14th Earl Norfolk, 24th Baron Maltravers, 24th Baron Arundel.
On 27th January 1937 Bernard Fitzalan 16th Duke of Norfolk [aged 28] and Lavinia Mary Strutt Duchess Norfolk [aged 20] were married. She by marriage Duchess Norfolk. She the daughter of Algernon Strutt 3rd Baron Belper [aged 53] and Eva Isabel Countess Rosebery [aged 44]. He the son of Henry Fitzalan Howard 15th Duke of Norfolk and Gwendolen Constable-Maxwell Duchess Norfolk [aged 60].
The Times. 28th January 1937. The Duke Of Norfolk And Miss Strutt.
Princess Alice Countess of Athlone [aged 53] and Major-General the Earl of Athlone [aged 63], and Prince Arthur of Connaught [aged 54] were present yesterday afternoon at the marriage at Brompton Oratory of the Duke of Norfolk, Premier Peer and Hereditary Earl Marshal of England, and the Hon. Lavinia Mary Strutt [aged 20], only daughter of Lord Belper [aged 53] and the Countess of Rosebery [aged 44].
Princess Alice wore a mink coat over a dress of burgundy-red crepe, with a small red hat to match.
The Oratory was decorated with four large stands of flowers, placed at the chancel steps. They were in mixed shades of red and included amaryllis lilies, poinsettia, anthuriums, roses, carnations, and red leaves. While the guests were arriving the organist played Mendelssohn's Allegretto from the Fourth Sonata, Elgar's Allegro Maestoso from the First Sonata, and the prelude and fugue in E flat, and the organ choral "Mortify us by Thy Goodness" by J. S. Bach.
The bride arrived with her father, Lord Belper, and was loudly cheered by the crowd outside the Oratory, who broke through the police cordon. She walked up the nave to Handel's March from the Occasional Oratorio, and was met by Father Talbot and Father John Cuddon. Miss Strutt wore a classically simple dress of silver lame, cut on straight sheath lines with long tight sleeves and a high round roll collar. The skirt just touched the ground and was continued at the back to form a long square train. She wore a girdle of silver cord knotted in front. Her long veil of white tulle fell from a simple coronet of orange-blossom and green leaves, and she carried a sheaf of arum lilies. She was followed by six little pages-Robin Herbert, Timothy Hunloke, Bob McCreery, John Scrope, George Vivian-Smith, and Michael Watt; and by six bridesmaids-Lady Katharine [aged 25] and Lady Winefride Howard [aged 23] (sisters of the bridegroom), Lady Anne Bridgeman [aged 23], the Hon. Pamela Digby [aged 16], Miss Gillian Drummond, and Miss Nancy Malcolmnson. The bridegroom's [aged 28] racing colours, pale blue and scarlet, were introduced into the dresses and suits of the attendants. The pages were in pale blue satin suits piped with scarlet, and the bridesmaids wore dresses of sky-blue corded crepe, with touches of scarlet at the waistline. They had high rounded necklines with long bell sleeves and their headdresses of red bavardia were massed in front. They carried bouquets of red flowers, including tulips, amaryllis lilies, carnations, and euphorbia. The bridegroom gave them brooches showing his and his bride's initials in rubies and diamonds. The Earl of Eldon [aged 37] was best man.
The marriage service was very short and non-choral, as the bride is not a Roman Catholic. After they had plighted their troth Father Ronald Knox gave an address from the centre of the transept. The bride and bridegroom remained kneeling at the chancel steps, facing the altar. They then went in procession to the vestry, where the registrar, Mr. J. P. Bond, conducted the civil ceremony.
Afterwards the bride and bridegroom left for 38, Mayfair (the residence of the Earl of Rosebery [aged 55]), where the Countess of Rosebery held a reception. The bride went away for the honeymoon in a dress of black and red shot silk taffeta, under a broadtail coat with a fur cap to match.
Among those present at the Oratory were:
The Earl and Countess of Rosebery.
The Duchess of Norfolk [aged 60].
Lady Rachel Howard [aged 32].
Lady Belper.
the Hon. Alexander [aged 24] and the Hon. Michael Strutt [aged 23], the Hon. Mrs. Parry-Evans. Mr. and the Hon. Mrs. Vernon Malcolmsonson, Lord and Lady Aberdare, the Hon. Margaret Strutt, the Hon. Mrs. Frank Hormsby, etc.
On 31st January 1975 Bernard Fitzalan 16th Duke of Norfolk [aged 66] died. His second cousin Miles [aged 59] succeeded 17th Duke Norfolk, 28th or 35th Earl Arundel, 18th Earl Surrey, 15th Earl Norfolk, 25th Baron Maltravers, 25th Baron Arundel. Anne Constable-Maxwell Duchess Norfolk [aged 47] by marriage Duchess Norfolk. His daughter Anne [aged 36] succeeded 14th Lord Herries of Terregles.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 24th June 2002 Miles Stapleton Fitzalan Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk [aged 86] died. His son Edward [aged 45] succeeded 18th Duke Norfolk, 36th Earl Arundel, 19th Earl Surrey, 16th Earl Norfolk, 26th Baron Maltravers, 26th Baron Arundel, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop in Derbyshire, 13th Baron Beaumont. Georgina Susan Gore Duchess of Norfolk [aged 40] by marriage Duchess Norfolk.