Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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Paternal Family Tree: Capet
Maternal Family Tree: Matilda Chateau Du Loir Countess Maine 1055-1109
On 28th April 1180 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 14) and [his mother] Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France (age 10) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Baldwin Flanders V Count Hainaut (age 30) and [his grandmother] Margaret Metz Countess Hainaut and Flanders. He the son of Louis VII King of the Franks (age 60) and Adèle Queen of the Franks. They were half third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England.
On 5th September 1187 King Louis VIII of France was born to [his father] King Philip II of France (age 22) and [his mother] Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France (age 17). He a great x 3 grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England.
On 14th March 1190 twin boys Robert Capet and Philip Capet were born to [his father] King Philip II of France (age 24) and Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France (age 19). The eldest Robert died the same day, the youngest Philip died three days later. Their mother Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France died from childbirth the day after the birth.
On 15th August 1193 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 27) and [his step-mother] Ingeborg Estridsen Queen Consort France (age 19) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Valdemar "Great" I King of Denmark. He the son of [his grandfather] Louis VII King of the Franks and [his grandmother] Adèle Queen of the Franks.
Around November 1193 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 28) and [his step-mother] Ingeborg Estridsen Queen Consort France (age 19) marriage annulled on the spurious grounds of her consanguinity with his first wife [his mother] Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France. She was kept, more or less, a prisoner for the remainder of her life being held in difference French castles.
Around July 1195 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 29) proposed Eleanor "Fair Maid of Britanny" 4th Countess of Richmond (age 11) marry his son King Louis VIII of France (age 7) as part of peace negotiations with King Richard "Lionheart" I of England (age 37).
On 7th May 1196 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 30) and [his step-mother] Agnes of Merania Queen Consort France were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Berthold Andechs Duke Merania and Agnes Rochlitz. He the son of [his grandfather] Louis VII King of the Franks and [his grandmother] Adèle Queen of the Franks.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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23rd May 1200 King Louis VIII of France (age 12) and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 12) were married. She the daughter of Alfonso VIII King Castile (age 44) and Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile (age 38). He the son of King Philip II of France (age 34) and Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France. They were third cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England. She a granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 24th August 1200 King John of England (age 33) and Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England (age 12) were married. She had been engaged to Hugh IX of Lusignan IV Count of La Marche (age 37) who subsequently appealed to [his father] King Philip II of France (age 35), their feudal overlord, who used the position to justify a war against John. The difference in their ages was 21 years. She the daughter of Aymer Angoulême I Count Angoulême (age 40) and Alice Courtenay Countess Angoulême. He the son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 78). They were fourth cousin once removed.
In 1206 Alfonso "Fat" II King Portugal (age 20) and [his sister-in-law] Urraca Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 18) were married. She the daughter of [his father-in-law] Alfonso VIII King Castile (age 50) and [his mother-in-law] Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile (age 44). He the son of Sancho "Populator" I King Portugal (age 51) and Dulce Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal. They were second cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 9th September 1209 [his son] Philip Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France (age 22) and [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 21). He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. He died aged eight in 1218.
On 26th March 1211 Sancho "Populator" I King Portugal (age 56) died. His son Alfonso (age 25) succeeded II King Portugal. [his sister-in-law] Urraca Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 23) by marriage Queen Consort Portugal.
On 26th January 1213 twins [his son] Alphonse Capet and John Capet were born to King Louis VIII of France (age 25) and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 24). Both died the same day. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
On 25th April 1214 [his son] King Louis IX of France was born to King Louis VIII of France (age 26) and [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 26). He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. He married 27th May 1234 his half third cousin Margaret Provence Queen Consort France, daughter of Raymond IV Count Provence and Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence, and had issue.
On 5th October 1214 [his father-in-law] Alfonso VIII King Castile (age 58) died. He was buried at Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas [Map]. His son [his brother-in-law] Henry (age 10) succeeded I King Castile.
In 1215 [his brother-in-law] Henry I King Castile (age 10) and Mafalda Burgundy Queen Consort Castile (age 19) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Castile. She the daughter of Sancho "Populator" I King Portugal and Dulce Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal. He the son of [his father-in-law] Alfonso VIII King Castile and [his mother-in-law] Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile. They were second cousin once removed. He a grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
In 1216 [his brother-in-law] Henry I King Castile (age 11) and Sancha Ivrea Queen Consort Castile (age 25) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Castile. She the daughter of Alfonso IX King Leon (age 44) and Theresa of Portugal Queen Consort Leon (age 40). He the son of [his father-in-law] Alfonso VIII King Castile and [his mother-in-law] Eleanor Plantagenet Queen Consort Castile. They were second cousins. He a grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
In 1216 Orford Castle, Suffolk [Map] was captured by Prince Louis of France (age 28) who had invaded England in 1216 at the invitation of the English barons who were disillusioned with King John (age 49).
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 25th September 1216 [his son] Robert Capet Count of Artois was born to King Louis VIII of France (age 29) and [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 28). He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. He married 14th June 1237 his third cousin Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol, daughter of Henry Reginar II Duke Brabant and Marie Swabia Duchess Brabant, and had issue.
On 6th June 1217 [his brother-in-law] Henry I King Castile (age 13) was killed by a tile falling of a roof. He was buried at Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas [Map]. His sister [his sister-in-law] Berengaria (age 38) succeeded I Queen Castile.
On 24th August 1217 Hubert de Burgh Count Mortain 1st Earl Kent (age 47) commanded the King's forces at Sandwich, Kent [Map] during the Battle of Sandwich aka Dover. French re-enforcements had left Calais to join with the future Prince Louis's (age 29) forces who were in short supply following the Second Battle of Lincoln. Hubert Burgh's men routed the French ships. The battle marked the end of Prince Louis's invasion with the Treaty of Kingston aka Lambeth being signed shortly afterwards.
On 31st August 1217 [his sister-in-law] Berengaria Ivrea I Queen Castile (age 38) abdicated I King Castile. Her son Ferdinand (age 18) succeeded III King Castile.
In September 1217 Treaty of Kingston aka Lambeth was agreed by King Louis VIII of France (age 29) in which he renounced his claim to the English throne, gave an amnesty to English rebels and acknowledged the Channel Islands as being part of the Kingdom of England.
Before July 1218 [his son] Philip Capet (age 8) died.
On 3rd November 1220 [his sister-in-law] Urraca Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal (age 33) died.
On 11th November 1220 [his son] Alphonse Count Poitiers II Count Toulouse was born to King Louis VIII of France (age 33) and [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 32) at Poissy, Yvelines. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. He married 1237 his second cousin Joan Countess of Toulouse, daughter of Raymond Rouerge VII Count Toulouse and Sancha Barcelona Countess Toulouse.
On 14th July 1223 [his father] King Philip II of France (age 57) died. His son Louis (age 35) succeeded VIII King France: Capet. [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 35) by marriage Queen Consort of France.
On 6th August 1223 King Louis VIII of France (age 35) and [his wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 35) were crowned at Reims Cathedral.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 8th November 1226 King Louis VIII of France (age 39) died. His son Louis (age 12) succeeded IX King France: Capet.
On 21st March 1227 [his son] King Charles Capet of Sicily was born to King Louis VIII of France and [his former wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 39). He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. He married (1) 31st January 1246 his half third cousin Beatrice Provence Queen Consort Sicily, daughter of Raymond IV Count Provence and Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence, and had issue (2) November 1268 his third cousin twice removed Margaret Burgundy Queen Consort Sicily.
On 27th November 1252 [his former wife] Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France (age 64) died.
[his son] Philip Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
[his daughter] Isabel Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France. She a great granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
[his son] John Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
[his son] Etienne Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
[his son] Philip Dagobert Capet was born to King Louis VIII of France and Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France. He a great grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Kings Wessex: Great x 9 Grand Son of King Alfred "The Great" of Wessex
Kings England: Great x 3 Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Kings Franks: Great x 11 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 5 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 9 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Agnes de la Marck Queen Consort Navarre [1]
Blanche Capet Queen Navarre [1]
Joan of Burgundy Queen Consort France [1]
Blanche of Burgundy Queen Consort France [1]
Philip "Noble" III King Navarre [1]
Joan Évreux Queen Consort France [1]
Blanche Dampierre Queen Consort Norway and Sweden [1]
Joan Auvergne Queen Consort France [1]
Mary of Guelders Queen Consort Scotland [1]
Bianca Maria Sforza Holy Roman Empress [1]
Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile [2]
Germaine Foix Queen Consort Aragon [1]
Marguerite Valois Orléans Queen Consort Navarre [2]
Anne of Cleves Queen Consort England [3]
Mary of Guise Queen Consort Scotland [3]
Louise Lorraine Queen Consort France [2]
Maximilian "The Great" Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria I Elector Bavaria [3]
Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress [3]
Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [1]
Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain [1]
John George Wettin Elector Saxony [3]
Frederick William "Great Elector" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg [3]
Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia [1]
Maria Leopoldine Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Bohemia [1]
Hedwig Eleonora Queen Consort Sweden [3]
Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal [4]
Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [3]
Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [5]
Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [3]
Maria Anna Neuburg Queen Consort Spain [6]
Joseph I Holy Roman Emperor [6]
Charles Habsburg Spain VI Holy Roman Emperor [6]
Francis I Holy Roman Emperor [2]
Adolph Frederick King Sweden [3]
Elisabeth Therese Lorraine Queen Consort Sardinia [2]
King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [6]
Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England [3]
Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [6]
Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [9]
Caroline of Brunswick Queen Consort England [6]
Frederick William III King Prussia [3]
Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover [6]
Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [6]
King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark [9]
Frederick William IV King Prussia [6]
Frederick VII King of Denmark [15]
Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark [18]
King Christian IX of Denmark [9]
Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [12]
Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway [15]
Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia [33]
King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [33]
Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain [9]
Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England [18]
Frederick Charles I King Finland [18]
Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark [24]
Victoria Eugénie Mountbatten Queen Consort Spain [42]
Louise Mountbatten Queen Consort Sweden [51]
Ingrid Bernadotte Queen Consort Denmark [39]
Philip Mountbatten Duke Edinburgh [60]
Carl XVI King Sweden [81]
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert "Pious" II King of the Franks
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandmother: Constance Arles Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Philip I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: Yaroslav "The Wise" Rurik
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne of Kiev Queen Consort Francia
Great x 1 Grandfather: Louis VI King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: Dirk Gerulfing III Count Holland
Great x 3 Grandfather: Floris Gerulfing I Count Holland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Othelindis d Bernard Margrave Nordmark Count Holland
Great x 2 Grandmother: Bertha Gerulfing Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bernard II Duke of Saxony
Great x 3 Grandmother: Gertrude Billung Countess Holland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eilika Schweinfurt Duchess Saxony
GrandFather: Louis VII King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: Otto Savoy
Great x 3 Grandfather: Amadeus Savoy II Count Savoy
Great x 2 Grandfather: Humbert "Fat" Savoy II Count Savoy
Great x 1 Grandmother: Adelaide Savoy Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Reginald Ivrea I Count Burgundy
Great x 3 Grandfather: William I Count Burgundy
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Normandy Countess Burgundy
Great x 2 Grandmother: Gisela Ivrea Countess Savoy
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ettiennette Countess Burgundy
Father: King Philip II of France
2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Odo Blois II Count Blois
Great x 3 Grandfather: Theobald Blois III Count Blois
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengarde Auvergne Countess Blois
Great x 2 Grandfather: Stephen Blois II Count Blois and Chartres
Great x 4 Grandfather: Herbert "Wakedog" Maine I Count Maine
Great x 3 Grandmother: Gersenda Maine Countess Blois
Great x 1 Grandfather: Theobald Blois II Count Champagne IV Count Blois
Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert "Magnificent" Normandy I Duke Normandy
Great x 3 Grandfather: King William "Conqueror" I of England
-2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Herleva of Falaise
Great x 2 Grandmother: Adela Normandy Countess Blois
Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin "The Good" V Count Flanders
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Flanders Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adela Capet Duchess Normandy
GrandMother: Adèle Queen of the Franks
Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Engelbert II Duke of Carinthia
Great x 1 Grandmother: Matilda Carinthia Countess Champagne and Blois
King Louis VIII of France
3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin VI Count Flanders I Count Hainaut
Great x 3 Grandfather: Baldwin II Count Hainaut
Great x 2 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders III Count Hainaut
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Reginar II Count Louvain
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ida Reginar Countess Hainaut
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adela Thuringa Countess Louvain
Great x 1 Grandfather: Baldwin Flanders IV Count Hainaut
Great x 3 Grandfather: Gerald I Count Guelders
Great x 2 Grandmother: Yolande Guelders Countess Hainault
GrandFather: Baldwin Flanders V Count Hainaut
Great x 4 Grandfather: Albert Namur II Count Namur
Great x 3 Grandfather: Albert Namur III Count Namur
Great x 4 Grandmother: Regilinda Ardennes Countess Namur
Great x 2 Grandfather: Godfrey Namur I Count Namur
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bernard II Duke of Saxony
Great x 3 Grandmother: Ida Billung Countess Namur
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eilika Schweinfurt Duchess Saxony
Great x 1 Grandmother: Alice Namur Countess Hainault
Great x 2 Grandmother: Ermesinde Luxemburg Countess Namur
Great x 4 Grandfather: William VII Duke Aquitaine
Great x 3 Grandmother: Clementia Aquitaine Countess Luxemburg
Mother: Isabelle Flanders Queen Consort France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine
Great x 2 Grandfather: Theodoric "Valiant" Metz II Duke Lorraine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Albert Namur II Count Namur
Great x 3 Grandmother: Hedwige Namur Duchess Lorraine
Great x 4 Grandmother: Regilinda Ardennes Countess Namur
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thierry Count Flanders
Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin "The Good" V Count Flanders
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert "The Frisian" I Count Flanders
Great x 4 Grandmother: Adela Capet Duchess Normandy
Great x 2 Grandmother: Gertrude Flanders Duchess Lorraine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bernard II Duke of Saxony
Great x 3 Grandmother: Gertrude Billung Countess Holland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eilika Schweinfurt Duchess Saxony
GrandMother: Margaret Metz Countess Hainaut and Flanders
Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey "Ferréol" Anjou 2nd Count Gâtinais
Great x 3 Grandfather: Fulk "Réchin" Anjou 4th Count Anjou
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengarde Blanche Ingelger Duchess Burgundy
Great x 2 Grandfather: Fulk "Young" King Jerusalem
Great x 4 Grandfather: Simon Montfort
Great x 3 Grandmother: Bertrade Montfort Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnès of Normandy
Great x 1 Grandmother: Sibylla Anjou Countess Essex
Great x 4 Grandfather: Jean de la Flèche de Baugency
Great x 3 Grandfather: Elias I Count Maine
Great x 4 Grandmother: Paula Maine
Great x 2 Grandmother: Ermengarde of Maine Countess of Anjou
Great x 4 Grandfather: Gervais II Lord Chateau Du Loir
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Chateau Du Loir Countess Maine