Paternal Family Tree: Savoy
Before 1723 [his father] Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 21] and Anne Christine Wittelsbach [aged 18] were married. He the son of [his grandfather] Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [aged 56] and [his grandmother] Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 53].
On 23rd July 1724 [his father] Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 23] and [his mother] Polyxena Hesse Rotenburg Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Sardinia. He the son of [his grandfather] Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [aged 58] and [his grandmother] Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 54].
In 1726 Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia was born to Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 24] and Polyxena Hesse Rotenburg Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 19]. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.
On 31st October 1732 [his grandfather] Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [aged 66] died. His son [his father] Charles [aged 31] succeeded Duke Savoy, III King Sardinia. His grandson Victor [aged 6] succeeded III King Sardinia.
On 13th January 1735 [his mother] Polyxena Hesse Rotenburg Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 28] died.
On 5th March 1737 [his father] Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 35] and [his step-mother] Elisabeth Therese Lorraine Queen Consort Sardinia [aged 25] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Sardinia. She the daughter of Leopold Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine [aged 60]. He the son of [his grandfather] Victor Amadeus King Sardinia and [his grandmother] Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia. They were half first cousins. He a great grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 31st May 1750 Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 24] and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of Philippe V King Spain and Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain [aged 57]. He the son of Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 49] and Polyxena Hesse Rotenburg Queen Consort Sardinia. They were third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.
On 2nd September 1753 [his daughter] Maria Joséphine of Savoy was born to Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 27] and [his wife] Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 23]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She married 14th May 1771 her second cousin once removed Louis XVIII King France.
On 31st January 1756 [his daughter] Maria Teresa of Savoy was born to Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 30] and [his wife] Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 26]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She married 1771 her second cousin once removed King Charles X of France and had issue.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 17th December 1757 [his daughter] Maria Anna Savoy Duchess Chablais was born to Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 31] and [his wife] Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 28]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She married her uncle Benedetto Maria Maurizio Savoy, son of Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia and Elisabeth Therese Lorraine Queen Consort Sardinia.
On 24th July 1759 [his son] King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia was born to Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 33] and [his wife] Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 29]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. He married 21st April 1789 his third cousin Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Sardinia and had issue.
On 10th August 1759 [his brother-in-law] Ferdinand VI King Spain [aged 45] died without issue. His half brother Charles [aged 43] succeeded King Spain.
In 1771 [his son-in-law] King Charles X of France [aged 13] and Maria Teresa of Savoy [aged 14] were married. She the daughter of Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 45] and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 41]. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.
On 14th May 1771 [his son-in-law] Louis XVIII King France [aged 15] and Maria Joséphine of Savoy [aged 17] were married. She the daughter of Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 45] and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 41]. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.
On 20th February 1773 [his father] Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia [aged 71] died at Turin.
On 19th September 1785 [his wife] Infanta Maria Antonia Spain [aged 55] died.
On 21st April 1789 King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia [aged 29] and Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Sardinia [aged 15] were married. He the son of Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 63] and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain. They were third cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
In 1796 Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia [aged 70] died.
Kings Wessex: Great x 20 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 17 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 23 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 18 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 19 Grand Son of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland
Kings France: Great x 2 Grand Son of Louis XIII King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 24 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Kings Spain: Great x 3 Grand Son of Philip III King Spain
Great x 4 Grandfather: Emmanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy 2 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles Emmanuel Savoy I Duke Savoy Grandson of King Francis I of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Valois Duchess Berry and Savoy 
daughter of King Francis I of France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Victor Amadeus I Duke of Savoy Grandson of Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain son of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 3 Grandmother: Catherine Habsburg Spain Duchess Savoy daughter of Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Valois Queen Consort Spain daughter of King Henry II of France
Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Emmanuel II Duke of Savoy Grandson of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Antoine King Navarre 5 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 3 x Great Grandson of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre 2 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Christine Marie Bourbon Duchess Savoy daughter of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Francesco I de Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 3 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joanna of Austria Grand Duchess Tuscany 2 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Grandfather: Victor Amadeus King Sardinia Great Grandson of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Jacques of Savoy 2nd Duke of Nemours 4 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henri I Duke of Nemours Great Grandson of Louis XII King France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna d'Este Granddaughter of Louis XII King France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours 2 x Great Grandson of Louis XII King France
Great x 1 Grandmother: Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy Great Granddaughter of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 3 x Great Grandson of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 3 Grandfather: César Bourbon Vendôme 1st Duke Vendôme son of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Gabrielle d'Estrées 8 x Great Granddaughter of King Louis IX of France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Élisabeth Bourbon Vendôme Granddaughter of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philippe Emmanuel Duke of Mercœur 5 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Françoise Lorraine Duchess Vendôme 6 x Great Granddaughter of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie de Luxembourg 5 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France
Father: Charles Emmanuel III King Sardinia Great Grandson of Louis XIII King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Antoine King Navarre 5 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 3 x Great Grandson of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre 2 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Louis XIII King France son of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Francesco I de Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 3 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joanna of Austria Grand Duchess Tuscany 2 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 1 Grandfather: Philip Bourbon I Duke Orléans son of Louis XIII King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain son of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 3 Grandfather: Philip III King Spain son of Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain daughter of Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France daughter of Philip III King Spain
Great x 4 Grandfather: Charles Habsburg Spain II Archduke Austria 2 x Great Grandson of John II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain 3 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maria Anna Wittelsbach 
3 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Grandmother: Anne Marie Bourbon Queen Consort Sardinia Granddaughter of Louis XIII King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry "Lord Darnley" Stewart 
Great Grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland
Great x 3 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland Grandson of King James V of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Queen of Scots 
daughter of King James V of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland 
son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Frederick II King of Denmark 
9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Sophie Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark 10 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandmother: Princess Henrietta Stewart Duchess Orléans daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Antoine King Navarre 5 x Great Grandson of King John "The Good" II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 3 x Great Grandson of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre 2 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Victorious" VII King France
Great x 2 Grandmother: Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England daughter of Henry IV King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Francesco I de Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 3 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joanna of Austria Grand Duchess Tuscany 2 x Great Granddaughter of John II King Aragon
Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia 2 x Great Grandson of Louis XIII King France
Great x 4 Grandfather: William IV Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 8 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Landgrave Maurice of Hesse-Kassel 9 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Landgrave Ernest of Hesse-Rheinfels 10 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Great x 1 Grandfather: Landgrave William of Hesse-Rotenburg 11 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Grandfather: Landgrave Ernest Leopold of Hesse-Rotenburg 12 x Great Grandson of King Philip III of France
Mother: Polyxena Hesse Rotenburg Queen Consort Sardinia 13 x Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France