Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Earl Suffolk is in Earldoms of England Alphabetically.
There have been three creations of Earl Suffolk:
1st. January 1337. Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk. Extinct. 15th February 1382.
2nd. 1385. Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk. Forfeit. 30th April 1513. Execution of Edmund de la Pole.
3rd. 1603. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk. Extant.
Earl Suffolk is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
January 1337. Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk (age 38) created. See 1337 Creation of Earls.
4th November 1369. Son William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 31) succeeded.
15th February 1382. William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk extinct.
In January 1337 King Edward III of England (age 24) created a number of new Earldom's probably in preparation for his forthcoming war against France...
William Montagu 1st Earl Salisbury (age 36) was created 1st Earl Salisbury. Catherine Grandison Countess of Salisbury (age 33) by marriage Countess Salisbury.
William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton (age 27) was created 1st Earl of Northampton. Elizabeth Badlesmere Countess Northampton (age 24) by marriage Countess of Northampton.
Hugh Audley 1st Earl Gloucester (age 46) was created 1st Earl Gloucester probably as compensation for his daughter Margaret Audley Countess Stafford (age 19) having been abducted by Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 35).
Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk (age 38) was created 1st Earl Suffolk. Margaret Norwich Countess Suffolk (age 51) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 4th November 1369 Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk (age 71) died. His son William (age 31) succeeded 2nd Earl Suffolk, 3rd Baron Ufford. Joan Montagu Countess Suffolk (age 20) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 12th June 1376 William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 38) and Isabella Beauchamp Countess Suffolk were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. She the daughter of Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick and Katherine Mortimer Countess Warwick. He the son of Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk and Margaret Norwich Countess Suffolk.
On 15th February 1382 William Ufford 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 43) died at Westminster Hall [Map]. Earl Suffolk, Baron Ufford extinct.
Around 1418 Thomas Ughtred 3rd Baron Ughtred (age 34) died. His son Robert (age 11) succeeded 4th Baron Ughtred. Joan Aske Countess Suffolk (age 1) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
Earl Suffolk is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England.
Summary
1385. Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk (age 55) created.
5th September 1389. Son Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 28) succeeded.
17th September 1415. Son Michael de la Pole 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 21) succeeded. See Siege of Harfleur.
25th October 1415. Brother William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 19) succeeded. See Battle of Agincourt.
1st May 1450. Son John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 7) succeeded. See Murder of William de la Pole.
27th October 1492. Son Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 21) succeeded.
30th April 1513. Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk forfeit. See Execution of Edmund de la Pole.
In 1385 Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk (age 55) was created 1st Earl Suffolk. Katherine Wingfield Countess Suffolk (age 45) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 5th September 1389 Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk (age 59) died in Paris [Map]. His son Michael (age 28) succeeded 2nd Earl Suffolk, 2nd Baron Pole.
Before 1394 Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 32) and Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk (age 17) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. She the daughter of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 59). He the son of Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk and Katherine Wingfield Countess Suffolk.
On 17th September 1415 Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 54) died of dysentery. His son Michael (age 21) succeeded 3rd Earl Suffolk, 3rd Baron Pole. Elizabeth Mowbray Countess Suffolk (age 21) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 25th October 1415 King Henry V of England (age 29) defeated a French army at the Battle of Agincourt.
The battle is described by three Chroniclers who were present:
Jean de Waurin: "1, the author of this work, know the truth of the matter, for in that assembly I was among the French".
Jean le Fevre de St Remy: "I who write this, seated on a horse among the baggage at the rear of the battle, along with the other priests who were present".
The anonymous author of the Gesta Henrici Quinti i.e. Deeds of Henry V: "while I was on the other side with the English".
Thomas Camoys 1st Baron Camoys (age 64) commanded the Rearguard. Richard de Vere 11th Earl of Oxford (age 30) commanded. Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 25) was wounded, and was protected by his brother King Henry V of England.
Edward 2nd Duke of York 1st Duke Albemarle (age 42), commander of the Vanguard, was killed; the most senior English casualty. Duke Albemarle, Earl of Rutland and Earl Cork extinct. His nephew Richard (age 4) succeeded 3rd Duke York and inherited his estates including Conisbrough Castle [Map].
John Fortescue (age 35), Dafydd Gam Brecon (age 35) and Edward Burnell (age 44) and Roger Vaughan of Bredwardine (age 38) were killed.
Michael de la Pole 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 21) was killed. His brother William (age 19) succeeded 4th Earl Suffolk, 4th Baron Pole.
On 11th November 1430 William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 34) and Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 26) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. He the son of Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk and Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward I of England.
On 1st May 1450 William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) was beheaded at sea whilst travelling into exile his ship having been intercepted by the Nicholas of the Tower, or by Admiral Nicholas of the Tower. His son John (age 7) succeeded 2nd Marquess Suffolk, 5th Earl Suffolk, 5th Baron Pole. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 6) by marriage Marchioness Suffolk. Earl Pembroke forfeit.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Before 27th October 1492 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 50) died. He was buried at Wingfield, Suffolk. His son Edmund (age 21) succeeded 3rd Duke Suffolk, 3rd Marquess Suffolk, 6th Earl Suffolk, 6th Baron Pole.
On 30th April 1513 Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 42) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map] on the instruction of King Henry VIII after having been imprisoned for seven years. Duke Suffolk, Marquess Suffolk and Earl Suffolk, Baron Pole forfeit.
He, Edmund, was the son of Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk, sister of Kings Edward IV and Richard III, and George, Duke of Clarence. He, arguably, had a better claim to the throne of England than King Henry VII if King Edward IV's children were illegitimate, and George's children barred from the succession as a consequence of George'a attainder although Anne St Leger's (age 37) claim better since she descended from an older sister Anne.
He, Edmund, had been given to King Henry VII of England and Ireland as part of the treaty of Malus Intercursus aka Evil Treaty with the condition that he not be executed. King Henry VII in his will instructed his son King Henry VIII to have him executed; an act which attracted the criticism of Montaigne in Chapter 7 of his Essays.
Earl Suffolk is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extant Earldoms of England.
Summary
1603. Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk (age 41) created.
28th May 1626. Son Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 43) succeeded.
3rd June 1640. Son James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 21) succeeded.
7th January 1689. Brother George Howard 4th Earl Suffolk (age 63) succeeded.
21st April 1691. Brother Henry Howard 5th Earl Suffolk (age 63) succeeded.
10th December 1709. Son Henry Howard 6th Earl Suffolk (age 39) succeeded.
19th September 1718. Son Charles William Howard 7th Earl Suffolk (age 25) succeeded.
8th May 1722. Uncle Edward Howard 8th Earl Suffolk (age 50) succeeded.
22nd June 1731. Brother Charles Howard 9th Earl Suffolk (age 56) succeeded.
28th September 1733. Son Henry Howard 10th Earl Suffolk (age 26) succeeded.
22nd April 1745. Third Cousin Henry Bowes Howard 4th Earl Berkshire 11th Earl Suffolk (age 59) succeeded.
21st March 1757. Grandson Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire (age 17) succeeded.
7th March 1779. Son Henry Howard 13th Earl Suffolk 6th Earl Berkshire succeeded.
10th August 1779. Great Uncle Thomas Howard 14th Earl Suffolk 7th Earl Berkshire (age 58) succeeded.
23rd February 1783. Son John Howard 15th Earl Suffolk 8th Earl Berkshire (age 43) succeeded.
23rd January 1820. Fourth Cousin Thomas Howard 16th Earl Suffolk 9th Earl Berkshire (age 43) succeeded.
4th December 1851. Son Charles Howard 17th Earl Suffolk 10th Earl Berkshire (age 46) succeeded.
14th August 1876. Son Henry Charles Howard 18th Earl Suffolk 11th Earl Berkshire (age 42) succeeded.
31st March 1898. Son Henry Molyneux Paget Howard 19th Earl Suffolk 12th Earl Berkshire (age 20) succeeded.
21st April 1917. Son Charles Howard 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl Berkshire (age 11) succeeded. See Battle of Istabulat.
12th May 1941. Son Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire (age 6) succeeded.
5th August 2022. Son Alexander Howard 22nd Earl of Suffolk 15th Earl of Berkshire (age 48) succeeded.
In 1603 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk (age 41) was created 1st Earl Suffolk. Catherine Knyvet Countess Suffolk (age 39) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 28th May 1626 Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk (age 64) died at Charing Cross [Map]. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son Theophilus (age 43) succeeded 2nd Earl Suffolk. Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk (age 27) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 3rd June 1640 Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk (age 57) died at Suffolk House, Suffolk Street. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son James (age 21) succeeded 3rd Earl Suffolk, 3rd Baron Howard de Walden.
On 1st December 1640 James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 21) and Susannah Rich Countess Suffolk (age 12) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. She the daughter of Henry Rich 1st Earl Holland (age 50) and Isabel Cope Countess Holland. He the son of Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk and Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk. They were fifth cousins.
Around February 1650 James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 30) and Barbara Villiers Countess Suffolk (age 27) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. He the son of Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk and Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk.
Before 8th May 1682 James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 63) and Anne Montagu Countess Suffolk (age 15) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. The difference in their ages was 47 years. She the daughter of Robert Montagu 3rd Earl Manchester (age 48) and Anne Yelverton Countess Manchester (age 52). He the son of Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk and Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk.
On 7th January 1689 James Howard 3rd Earl Suffolk (age 69) died at Great Chesterford. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. Baron Howard de Walden abeyant. His brother George (age 63) succeeded 4th Earl Suffolk. Anne "Mary" Wroth Countess Suffolk by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 21st April 1691 George Howard 4th Earl Suffolk (age 65) died. His brother Henry (age 63) succeeded 5th Earl Suffolk. Mary Upton Countess Suffolk (age 41) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 10th December 1709 Henry Howard 5th Earl Suffolk (age 82) died. His son Henry (age 39) succeeded 6th Earl Suffolk. Henrietta Somerset Countess Suffolk (age 40) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 19th September 1718 Henry Howard 6th Earl Suffolk (age 48) died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son Charles (age 25) succeeded 7th Earl Suffolk.
On 8th May 1722 Charles William Howard 7th Earl Suffolk (age 28) died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His uncle Edward (age 50) succeeded 8th Earl Suffolk.
On 22nd June 1731 Edward Howard 8th Earl Suffolk (age 59) died. His brother Charles (age 56) succeeded 9th Earl Suffolk. Henrietta Hobart Countess Suffolk (age 42) by marriage Countess Suffolk.
On 28th September 1733 Charles Howard 9th Earl Suffolk (age 58) died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. His son Henry (age 26) succeeded 10th Earl Suffolk.
On 13th May 1735 Henry Howard 10th Earl Suffolk (age 28) and Sarah Inwen Countess Suffolk were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. He the son of Charles Howard 9th Earl Suffolk and Henrietta Hobart Countess Suffolk (age 46).
On 22nd April 1745 Henry Howard 10th Earl Suffolk (age 38) died. His third cousin Henry (age 59) succeeded 11th Earl Suffolk.
On 21st March 1757 Henry Bowes Howard 4th Earl Berkshire 11th Earl Suffolk (age 71) died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Charlton-All-Saints [Map]. His grandson Henry (age 17) succeeded 12th Earl Suffolk, 5th Earl Berkshire, 5th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 5th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 14th August 1777 Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire (age 38) and Charlotte Finch Countess Suffolk and Berkshire (age 23) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire. She the daughter of Heneage Finch 3rd Earl Aylesford and Charlotte Seymour Countess Aylesford (age 46). They were first cousins.
On 7th March 1779 Henry Howard 12th Earl Suffolk 5th Earl Berkshire (age 39) died at Bath, Somerset [Map]. He was buried at All Saints Church, Charlton-All-Saints [Map]. On 8th August 1779 his postumous son His son Henry succeeded 13th Earl Suffolk, 6th Earl Berkshire, 6th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 6th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire although he died two days later.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 10th August 1779 Henry Howard 13th Earl Suffolk 6th Earl Berkshire, who had been born posthumously, died two days old. His great uncle Thomas (age 58) succeeded 14th Earl Suffolk, 7th Earl Berkshire, 7th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 7th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 23rd February 1783 Thomas Howard 14th Earl Suffolk 7th Earl Berkshire (age 61) died. His son John (age 43) succeeded 15th Earl Suffolk, 8th Earl Berkshire, 8th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 8th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 23rd January 1820 John Howard 15th Earl Suffolk (age 80) died. His son Thomas (age 43) succeeded 16th Earl Suffolk, 9th Earl Berkshire, 9th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 9th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Elizabeth Jane Dutton Countess Suffolk and Berkshire (age 45) by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 4th December 1851 Thomas Howard 16th Earl Suffolk 9th Earl Berkshire (age 75) died. His son Charles (age 46) succeeded 17th Earl Suffolk, 10th Earl Berkshire, 10th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 10th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Isabella Catherine Mary Howard-Molyneux-Howard Countess Suffolk and Berkshire (age 45) by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 14th August 1876 Charles Howard 17th Earl Suffolk 10th Earl Berkshire (age 70) died. His son Henry (age 42) succeeded 18th Earl Suffolk, 11th Earl Berkshire, 11th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 11th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire. Mary Eleanor Coventry Countess Suffolk and Berkshire (age 28) by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire.
On 31st March 1898 Henry Charles Howard 18th Earl Suffolk 11th Earl Berkshire (age 64) died. His son Henry (age 20) succeeded 19th Earl Suffolk, 12th Earl Berkshire, 12th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 12th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 21st April 1917 Henry Molyneux Paget Howard 19th Earl Suffolk 12th Earl Berkshire (age 39) was killed in action when a piece of shrapnel entered his heart. His son Charles (age 11) succeeded 20th Earl Suffolk, 13th Earl Berkshire.
In March 1934 Charles Howard 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl Berkshire (age 27) and Minnie "Mimi" Forde-Pigott Countess of Suffolk and Berkshire (age 36) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk, Countess Berkshire. He the son of Henry Molyneux Paget Howard 19th Earl Suffolk 12th Earl Berkshire and Margaret Hyde "Daisy" Leiter (age 55).
On 12th May 1941 Charles Howard 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl Berkshire (age 35) was killed. He had successfully defused thirty-four bombs. The thirty-fifth exploded at Erith Marshes, Kent bomb cemetery. The 250kg bomb, dropped six months earlier, contained a Zus 40 booby trap that detonated when the Type 17 fuse was withdrawn. The explosion killed fourteen people: the Earl, his chauffeur Fred Hards, his secretary Eileen Beryl Morden (who died in the ambulance), and eleven other people who were nearby.
Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire (age 6) succeeded 21st Earl Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire, 13th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 13th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.
On 5th August 2022 Michael Howard 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl Berkshire (age 87) died. His son Alexander (age 48) succeeded 22nd Earl Suffolk, 15th Earl Berkshire, 14th Viscount Andover in Hampshire, 14th Baron Howard of Charlton in Wiltshire.