Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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Biography of Alfonso VI King Portugal 1643-1683

Paternal Family Tree: Capet

In 1633 [his father] John IV King Portugal (age 28) and [his mother] Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal (age 19) were married. She by marriage Duchess Braganza.

On 21st August 1643 Alfonso VI King Portugal was born to [his father] John IV King Portugal (age 39) and [his mother] Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal (age 29).

On 6th November 1656 [his father] John IV King Portugal (age 52) died. His son Alfonso (age 13) succeeded King Portuagal.

Around 1660 Elizabeth Trentham Viscountess Cullen (age 20) was appointed Lady of the Bedchamber to [his sister] Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 21).

In 1660 Barbara Villiers Countess Suffolk (age 37) was appointed Lady of the Bedchamber to [his sister] Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 21) which position she held until 1681.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 17th October 1661. Thence to the Cook's and there dined with Captain Lambert and his father-in-law, and had much talk of Portugall; from whence he is lately come, and he tells me it is a very poor dirty place; I mean the City and Court of Lisbon; that the King (age 18) is a very rude and simple fellow; and, for reviling of somebody a little while ago, and calling of him cuckold, was run into.... with a sword and had been killed, had he not told them that he was their king. That there are there no glass windows, nor will they have any; which makes sport among our merchants there to talk of an English factor that, being newly come thither, writ into England that glass would be a good commodity to send thither, &c. That the King has his meat sent up by a dozen of lazy guards and in pipkins, sometimes, to his own table; and sometimes nothing but fruits, and, now and then, half a hen. And now that the [his sister] Infanta (age 22) is become our Queen, she is come to have a whole hen or goose to her table, which is not ordinary.

In 1662 William Brouncker 2nd Viscount Brounckner (age 42) was appointed Chancellor to [his sister] Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 23).

Marriage of Charles II and Catherine of Braganza

On 21st May 1662 [his brother-in-law] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 31) and [his sister] Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 23) were married at Portsmouth, Hampshire [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort England. She the daughter of [his father] John IV King Portugal and [his mother] Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal (age 48). He the son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England (age 52).

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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Samuel Pepys' Diary. 24th May 1662. That the King of Portugall (age 18) is a very fool almost, and his [his mother] mother (age 48) do all, and he is a very poor Prince.

In 1663 Mary Fairfax Duchess Buckingham (age 24) was appointed Lady of the Bedchamber to [his sister] Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 24) which position she held until 1693.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10th February 1664. Thence home straight and busy all the forenoon, and at noon with Mr. Bland to Mr. Povy's (age 50), but he being at dinner and full of company we retreated and went into Fleet Street to a friend of his, and after a long stay, he telling me the long and most perplexed story of Coronell and Bushell's business of sugars, wherein Parke and Green and Mr. Bland and 40 more have been so concerned about the King of Portugal's (age 20) duties, wherein every party has laboured to cheat another, a most pleasant and profitable story to hear, and in the close made me understand Mr. Maes' business better than I did before.

On 27th February 1666 [his mother] Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal (age 52) died.

On 2nd August 1666 Alfonso VI King Portugal (age 22) and Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal (age 20) were married. She had arrived in Portugal on the same day. The marriage was not consummated. She subsequently married her brother-in-law Peter II King Portugal (age 17) when he took control of the Portuguese throne; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. She the daughter of Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours and Élisabeth Bourbon Vendôme. He the son of John IV King Portugal and Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 13th December 1667. By and by comes out my cozen Roger (age 50) to me, he being not willing to be in the House at the business of my Lord Keeling (age 60), lest he should be called upon to complain against him for his abusing him at Cambridge, very wrongfully and shamefully, but not to his reproach, but to the Chief justice's in the end, when all the world cried shame upon him for it. So he with me home, and Creed, whom I took up by the way, going thither, and they to dine with me, and pretty merry, and among other pieces of news, it is now fresh that the King of Portugall (age 24) is deposed, and his [his brother] brother (age 18) made King; and that my Lord Sandwich (age 42) is gone from Madrid with great honour to Lisbon, to make up, at this juncture, a peace to the advantage, as the Spaniard would have it, of Spain. I wish it may be for my Lord's honour, if it be so; but it seems my Lord is in mighty estimation in Spain.

On 2nd April 1668 [his brother] Peter II King Portugal (age 18) and [his wife] Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal (age 21) were married. She had, two years before, married his older brother Alfonso VI King Portugal (age 24) who he, Peter, had deposed; an example of Married to Two Siblings. She the daughter of Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours and Élisabeth Bourbon Vendôme. He the son of [his father] John IV King Portugal and [his mother] Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal.

John Evelyn's Diary. 8th February 1678. Supping at my Lord Chamberlain's (age 60) I had a long discourse with the Count de Castel Mellor, lately Prime Minister in Portugal, who, taking part with his master, King Alphonso (age 34), was banished by his brother, [his brother] Don Pedro (age 28), now Regent; but had behaved himself so uncorruptly in all his ministry that, though he was acquitted, and his estate restored, yet would they not suffer him to return. He is a very intelligent and worthy gentleman.

In 12th September 1683 Alfonso VI King Portugal (age 40) died. His brother [his brother] Peter (age 34) succeeded King Portugal. [his wife] Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal (age 37) by marriage Queen Consort Portugal for a second time albeit for three months only.

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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John Evelyn's Diary. 29th November 1683. The whole court and town in solemn mourning for the death of the King of Portugal, [his sister] her Majesty's (age 45) brother.

On 27th December 1683 [his former wife] Marie Françoise Élisabeth of Savoy Queen Consort of Portugal (age 37) died.

John Evelyn's Diary. 10th July 1685. The Count of Castel Mellor (age 49), that greate favourite and prime minister of Alphonso, late King of Portugal, after several yeares banishment, being now receiv'd to grace and call'd home by [his brother] Don Pedro the present King (age 36), as having ben found a person of the greatest integrity after all his sufferings, desir'd me to spend part of this day with him, and assist him in a collection of books and other curiosities, which he would carry with him into Portugal. Mr. Hussey (deceased), a young gentleman who made love to my late deare child, but whom she could not bring herselfe to answer in affection, died now of the same cruel disease, for wch I was extreamly sorry, because he never enjoy'd himselfe after my daughter's decease, nor was I averse to the match, could she have overcome her disinclination.

Royal Ancestors of Alfonso VI King Portugal 1643-1683

Kings Wessex: Great x 19 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 23 Grand Son of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 25 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 23 Grand Son of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd

Kings Godwinson: Great x 18 Grand Son of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Great x 9 Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 18 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 25 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 19 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 23 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Alfonso VI King Portugal 1643-1683

Great x 4 Grandfather: Fernando II Duke of Braganza 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Jaime I Duke of Braganza 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella Aviz 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Teodosio I Duke of Braganza 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Joao I Duke of Braganza 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Fernando II Duke of Braganza 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Dinis of Graganza Count of Lemos 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella Aviz 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabel de Lencastre 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

GrandFather: Teodosio II Duke of Braganza 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Father: John IV King Portugal 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Juan Fernández de Velasco y Tovar 5th Duke of Frías

GrandMother: Ana de Velasco y Téllez Girón Duchess Braganza

Great x 2 Grandfather: Pedro Téllez Girón y de la Cueva 1st Duke of Osuna

Great x 1 Grandmother: María Tellez Girón

Alfonso VI King Portugal 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

GrandFather: Manuel Perez de Guzman y Silva 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia

Mother: Luisa de Guzman Queen Consort Portugal