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28 Feb is in February.
Events on the 28th February
On 28th February 1155 Henry the Young King was born to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 21) and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 33) at Bermondsey [Map].
On 28th February 1261 Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway was born to King Alexander III of Scotland (age 19) and Margaret Queen of Scotland (age 20). She a granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 22nd February 1347 John Graham Earl Menteith (age 57) was condemned to be executed as a traitor. The sentence was carried out on the 28th February 1347 when John Graham Earl Menteith was hanged, drawn and quartered by direct orders of King Edward I to whom he had previously sworn fealty.
On 28th February 1463 John Lovell 8th Baron Lovel 5th Baron Holand (age 30) died. On 28th February 1463 His son Francis (age 7) succeeded 9th Baron Lovel of Titchmarsh, 6th Baron Holand at around eight years of age. He became a ward of King Edward IV of England (age 20) who gave his wardship to Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 34) spending his childhood at Middleham Castle [Map] with the young (future) King Richard III of England (age 10).
On 28th February 1518 Francis Valois was born to King Francis I of France (age 23) and Claude Valois Orléans Queen Consort France (age 18). Coefficient of inbreeding 4.50%.
Diary of Edward VI. 28th February 1551. The lerned man Bucerus (age 59)3 died at Cambrige, who was tow daies after buried in Saint Maries church [Map], at Cambrige, al the hole universite with the hole towne bringing him to the grave, to the nombre 3,000 persons; also there was an oracion of mr. Haddon made verie eloquently at his death, and a sermon of (dr. Parker (age 46)).1a After that mr. Redman made a thirde sermon.2a Wich three sermons made the peple wonderfully to lament his death. Last of al, alle the learned men of th'universite made ther epitaphes in his praise, laieng them on his grave.3a
Note 3. Martin Bucer and Paul Fagius, having been invited from Strasburgh by Cranmer (age 61), arrived in London on the 25th of April, 1549. They resided at Lambeth for a quarter of a year, and then proceeded to Cambridge, where Bucer became professor of Divinity, and Fagius of Hebrew. The climate of the English university soon affected them. Fagius died on the 13th Nov. 1550, "after having suffered most severely from a quartan fever since the 28th of August." (Letter of Bucer in the Zurich Letters, iii. 549.) Bucer almost immediately — in the month of August 1549 — fell into ill health, suffering from a complication of disorders, from which he had a temporary reprieve at the time of the death of Fagius. (See his letter, dated May 18, 1550, ibid. p. 543.) There is a little book edited by Conrad Hubert entitled "Historia vera de vita, obitu, sepultura, accusatione hffireseos, condemnatione, honorificaq' tandem restitutione beatorum atque doctiss. Theologorum, D. Martini Buceri et Pauli Fagii, quas intra annos xii. in Anglias regno accidit. Item historia Catharinse Vermiliee, D. Petri Martyris Vermilij castiss. atque pijssims coniugis, eshumatje, eiusdemq; ad honestam sepulturam restitutse. Cum Orationibus, Concionib. Epitaphijs, uariisq; Encomiasticis carminibus, Lectu dignissimis. Omnia paucissimis hactenus uisa. 1562." (Colophon, Argentina, m.d. li.) fF. 215. 12mo. Foxe gives the particulars of the barbarous exhumation and cremation of the bones of Bucer and Fagius which subsequently took place in the reign of queen Mary, accompanied by a curious engraving of the scene. The bones of the "wife of Peter Martyr underwent the same ordeal at Oxford. Some interesting notices of King Edward from the pen of Bucer will be seen in the Biographical Memoir.
Note 1a. Bucer left Matthew Parker and Walter Haddon his executors. See in the Zurich Letters, iii. 361, one addressed by them to the guardians of Bucer's children, accompanied by an inventory of his personal property. The Latin oration of Haddon, who officiated as university orator, occurs in Haddoni Lucubrationes, Lond. 1597; also in Historia vera, mentioned in the preceding note, and in Buceri Scripta Anglicana (see next note), pp. 882 — 892. Parker's sermon was preached in English, but ex Anglico in Latinum versa was published both in the Historia vera and in Buceri Scripta Anghcana, pp. 892 — 899.
Note 2a. John Redman, master of Trinity college, preached on the day following the funeral. His sermon, which like Parker's was in English, does not appear to have been published. He died himself in the following November: see various documents relative to the "godly confession" he made on his death-bed printed by Foxe.
Note 3a. The "epitaphs" or epigrams were published in a book bearing this title: "De obitu doctissimi et sanctissimi theologi doctoris Martini Buceri, Eegij in celeberrima Cantabrigiensi Academia apud Anglos publice sacrarum literamm praelectoris, Epistolaj duse. Item, Epigrammata varia cum Græcæ (sic) tum Latinè conscripta in eundem fidelissimū Divini uerbi ministrum. Londini, Anno Domini m.d.li. (in officina Eeginaldi Vuolfij coloph.)," 4to. 52 leaves. The copy now in the Grenville collection in the British Museum was that which belonged to the earl of Arundel, and has his autograph ArundeL on the title-page. The book was edited by sir John Cheke; and the first of the two Epistolæ is addressed by him to Peter Martyr. It relates the proceedings on the day of the funeral, and is dated Westmonasterij, x Martij, M.D.Li. The second letter is addressed to Cheke by Nicholas Carr Novocastrensis (who was Cheke's successor as reader of Greek): it is dated from Trinity college, Cambridge, Anno Domini m.d.li. Id. Mart, and occupies the greater part of the book (27 leaves). Then follow the Epigrammata, which are by Henry duke of Suffolk (age 15), Charles Brandon (age 14) his brother, John lord Sheffield (age 13) (three young noblemen then at Cambridge), John Cheke, Anthony Cooke, Walter Haddon, Nicholas Carew (in Greek, the others in Latin), Robert Pember, Edward Bovington, Christopher Carlel (both in Latin and Greek), Miles Wilson, Henry Ailand (in Greek), John Tomson, John Frere (Latin and Greek), Thomas Gardiner, William Boyton (Greek), John Cul- peper (Latin and Greek), Eichard Kytchin, Peter Perusinus, Thomas Wilson, John Goodrich, Oswald Metcalfe, John Bacher (Baker?), WilKam Harward, Henry Wright, John Seman, Thomas Lews, William Temple, Nicholas Karvill (or Carvill, afterwards bishop elect of Worcester), William Leche, Francis Newton, Alexander Nowell, William Lewis, John Herd, Peter Bellopoelius, Bartholomew Traheron, Nicholas Udall, William Buckley, and Martin Fargan. Cheke has added an epitaph in Latin hexameters by himself on sir Anthony Denny, and four Greek lines headed "Marise Cicella; Epitaphium i. c.;" and the book concludes with a Latin letter addressed by him to Haddon, who was then seriously ill, shortly after the death of Bucer, dated 19 Martij, Anno 1551. Of this last a translation is given in Strype's Life of Cheke; but Strype never saw the book which has now been described. Its contents are all reprinted in the Historia vera, &c. already mentioned in the preceding notes, and again in Martini Buceri Scripta Anghcana fere omnia, also edited by Conrad Hubert, and printed Basilece, m.d.lxxvii. folio. An English letter from Cheke to Parker, written from Westminster on the 9th of March, is published with Cheke's "Gospel according to Saint Matthew," edited by James Goodwin, B.D. 1843, p. 115. It begins: "I have delivered the universitee lettres to the King's M. [this letter will be found in Dr. Lamb's Cambridge Documents, p. 154], and spoken with the lords of the councel, and with mi lord of Canturburie for mres Bucere. I dout not she schal be wel and worthili considered." As the result of this we find the following entries: — "March xxxi. A lettre to (blank)- to paie to mistress Bucer her husbandes half-yeres pencion due to Mm at our Ladies daie last past, although he died before, and to allowe her reasonabehe for suche reparacions as shee bestowed about her howse. — A passport for the said mistress Bucer, and viij persones in her compaaye." (Council Book.) The university gave the widow a hundred crowns, and the King as many marks. (Cooper's Annals of Cambridge, ii. 54.)
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Henry Machyn's Diary. 28th February 1552. The xxviij day of Feybruarii was bered the nobull [lady the] contes of Penbroke (deceased), and syster to the late qwyne and wyffe [to the] nobull Kyng Henry the viij. late kyng, and the good lade [the] contes of Penbroke the wyche she ded at Benard Castle [Map], and so cared unto Powlls. Ther was a C. [Note. 100] powre men and women had mantylle fryse gownes, then cam the haroldes, [then] the corse, and a-bowt her viij baners rolls of armes, and then cam the mornars boyth lordes and knyghts and gentyll men, and then cam the lades mornars and gentyll women mornars ij C. [then the] gentyll men and gentyll women, and after cam in cotts ij C. servandes and odur servandes, and she was bered by the tombe of [the duke] of Lankaster [Note. At St Paul's Cathedral [Map]], and after her banars wher sett up over her [and her] armes sett on dyvers pelers,-the vj King Edward vjth.
Note. Funeral of the countess of Pembroke. King Edward in his Diary records the death of the countess of Pembroke on the 20th Feb. 1551–2. As sister to queen Katharine Parr, she was a person of high consideration. A magnificent canopied monument to William Herbert, earl of Pembroke, and his countess Anne, with their recumbent effigies, and kneeling effigies of their three children, Henry earl of Pembroke, sir Edward Herbert knt. and Anne lady Talbot, was erected in St. Paul's cathedral, next the monument of John of Ghent, duke of Lancaster, and is represented in a plate of Dugdale's History of St. Paul's.
On 28th February 1556 Bishop Stephen Gardiner was buried at Winchester Cathedral [Map].
Henry Machyn's Diary. 28th February 1561. The xxviij day of Feybruary dyd pryche at the cowrt master Pylkyngtun (age 41) electyd pyshope of Durram a-for the quen('s) (age 27) grace, and made a godly sermon, and grett audyens.... the Marsalsay [Map] to be cared into the co[untry ...] men that was cast in Westmynster hall for robere done the last day of terme.
Calendar of State Papers of Spain. 28th February 1587. Paris [Map]. Bernardino De Mendoza (age 47) to the King (age 59). Note. Assumed to be the Spanish King Philip II.
The English ambassador sent the confidant (i.e., Charles Arundel (age 54)) to me this morning to say that as it was so important that your Majesty should be informed instantly of the news he had received last night from England, that he sent to tell me of it, and openly to confess me his anxiety to serve your Majesty. He offered himself entirely through me, in the assurance that your Majesty would not order him to do anything against the interest of his mistress the Queen (age 53), who however, he could plainly see, had not long to live now that she had allowed the execution of the Queen of Scotland (age 44). It happened in this way. The Lord Treasurer (age 66) being absent through illness, the earl of Leicester (age 54), Lord Hunsdon (age 60), Lord Admiral Howard (age 51) and Walsingham (age 55), had represented to the Queen that the Parliament would resolutely refuse to vote any money to maintain the war in Holland, or to fit out a naval force to help Don Antonio, unless she executed the Queen of Scotland. Under this pressure she consented to sign a warrant, as they called it, that the Parliament might see, but which was not to be executed, unless it were proved that the Queen of Scotland conspired again against her life. As Secretary Walsingham was ill this warrant was taken to the Queen for her signature by Davison (age 46), and after she had signed it she ordered him not to give it to anyone unless she gave him personally her authority to do so. Davison, who is a terrible heretic and an enemy of the Queen of Scotland, like the rest of the above-mentioned, delivered the warrant to them. They took a London executioner and sent him with the warrant to the justice of the county where the Queen of Scotland was. The moment the justice received it, on the 8th [NOTE. Appears to be a typo; original says 18th], he entered the Queen of Scotland's chamber with Paulet (age 54) and Lord Grey (age 46), who had charge of her, and there they had her head cut off with a hatchet in the presence of the four persons only. The Queen orders her ambassador to inform this King of it, and assure him, as she will more fully by a special envoy, that the deed was done against her will, and although she had signed the warrant she had no intention of having it carried out. She cannot avoid blaming herself for having trusted anyone but herself in such a matter. The ambassador is begging earnestly for an audience and is keeping the matter secret until he tells the King. In order that no time may be lost in informing your Majesty, I send this special courier in the name of merchants, by way of Bordeaux, whence he will go post to Irun; and as God has so willed that these accursed people, for His ends, should fall into "reprobrium sensum," and against all reason commit such an act as this, it is evidently His design to deliver those two kingdoms into your Majesty's hands. I thanked the ambassador in general terms for his offer, saying that I would give an account thereof to your Majesty. As I have formerly said, it will be most advisable to accept it, and pledge him to give us notice of any machinations here and in England against us. He reports that the fitting out of ships continues but in no greater number than he previously advised, although the rumour is current here that there would be 60 English, besides the Hollanders, but that the crews, etc. were not raised and no time fixed for the departure. The ambassador says he will have full information on the point when a gentleman of his has arrived whom he had sent to England to gain intelligence, as Cecil only writes now to say that the execution of the Queen of Scotland has been against his will, as he, the ambassador knew; and that the King, her son, was in great danger of suffering a similar fate. The execution was known in London on the 20th when the executioner returned, and great bonfires had been lit for joy all over the countryside. They did not even give her time to commend her soul to God. .
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Annales of England by John Stow. [28th February 1601] The last of February, a young man named Woodhouse was hanged in Smithfield, for speaking and Libelling against the Quéenes Proclamation, and apprehending of the Earle of Essex.
On 28th February 1643 Henry Hunloke 1st Baronet (age 25) was created 1st Baronet Hunloke of Wingerworth in Derbyshire by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 42).
On 28th February 1648 Christian IV King Denmark (age 70) died. His son Frederick (age 38) succeeded III King Denmark. Sophie Amalie Hanover Queen Consort Denmark (age 19) by marriage Queen Consort Denmark.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28th February 1660. Tuesday. Up in the morning, and had some red herrings to our breakfast, while my boot-heel was a-mending, by the same token the boy left the hole as big as it was before. Then to horse, and for London through the forest, where we found the way good, but only in one path, which we kept as if we had rode through a canal all the way. We found the shops all shut, and the militia of the red regiment in arms at the Old Exchange, among whom I found and spoke to Nich. Osborne, who told me that it was a thanksgiving-day through the City for the return of the Parliament. At Paul's I light, Mr. Blayton holding my horse, where I found Dr. Reynolds' in the pulpit, and General Monk (age 51) there, who was to have a great entertainment at Grocers' Hall. So home, where my wife and all well. Shifted myself,-[Changed his dress.]-and so to Mr. Crew's (age 62), and then to Sir Harry Wright's (age 23), where I found my Lord at dinner, who called for me in, and was glad to see me. There was at dinner also Mr. John Wright and his lady, a very pretty lady, Alderman Allen's (age 27) daughter. I dined here with Will. Howe, and after dinner went out with him to buy a hat (calling in my way and saw my mother), which we did at the Plough in Fleet Street by my Lord's direction, but not as for him. Here we met with Mr. Pierce a little before, and he took us to the Greyhound Tavern, and gave us a pint of wine, and as the rest of the seamen do, talked very high again of my Lord. After we had done about the hat we went homewards, he to Mr. Crew's and I to Mrs. Jem, and sat with her a little. Then home, where I found Mr. Sheply, almost drunk, come to see me, afterwards Mr. Spong comes, with whom I went up and played with him a Duo or two, and so good night. I was indeed a little vexed with Mr. Sheply, but said nothing, about his breaking open of my study at my house, merely to give him the key of the stair door at my Lord's, which lock he might better have broke than mine.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28th February 1663. Thence he and I to my Lord Sandwich (age 37), who continues troubled with his cold. Our discourse most upon the outing of Sir R. Bernard, and my Lord's being made Recorder of Huntingdon [Map] in his stead, which he seems well contented with, saying, that it may be for his convenience to have the chief officer of the town dependent upon him, which is very true.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28th February 1664. Lord's Day. Up and walked to Paul's; and by chance it was an extraordinary day for the Readers of the Inns of Court and all the Students to come to church, it being an old ceremony not used these twenty-five years, upon the first Sunday in Lent. Abundance there was of Students, more than there was room to seat but upon forms, and the Church mighty full. One Hawkins preached, an Oxford man. A good sermon upon these words: "But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable". Both before and after sermon I was most impatiently troubled at the Quire, the worst that ever I heard. But what was extraordinary, the Bishop of London (age 72), who sat there in a pew, made a purpose for him by the pulpitt, do give the last blessing to the congregation; which was, he being a comely old man, a very decent thing, methought.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28th February 1667. So back home and to dinner, where Mr. Holliard (age 58) dined with us, and pleasant company he is. I love his company, and he secures me against ever having the stone again. He gives it me, as his opinion, that the City will never be built again together, as is expected, while any restraint is laid upon them. He hath been a great loser, and would be a builder again, but, he says, he knows not what restrictions there will be, so as it is unsafe for him to begin.
John Evelyn's Diary. 28th February 1671. [Note. Original entry stated 29 Feb 1671 which is clearly incorrect since 1671 isn't a leap year.] I went to thank the Treasurer (age 40), who was my great friend and loved me; I dined with him and much company, and went thence to my Lord Arlington (age 53), Secretary of State, in whose favour I likewise was upon many occasions, though I cultivated neither of their friendships by any mean submissions. I kissed his Majesty's (age 40) hand, on his making me one of the new-established Council.
John Evelyn's Diary. 28th February 1676. [Note. Date adjusted to 28 Feb since original entry stated 29 Feb when it isn't a leap year.] I dined with Mr. Povey (age 62), one of the Masters of Requests, a nice contriver of all elegancies, and exceedingly formal. Supped with Sir J. Williamson, where were of our Society Mr. Robert Boyle (age 49), Sir Christopher Wren (age 52), Sir William Petty (age 52), Dr. Holden, subdean of his Majesty's (age 45) Chapel, Sir James Shaen, Dr. Whistler, and our Secretary, Mr. Oldenburg (age 57).
John Evelyn's Diary. 28th February 1692. Lord Marlborough (age 41) having used words against the King (age 41), and been discharged from all his great places, his wife (age 31) was forbidden the Court, and the Princess of Denmark (age 27) was desired by the Queen (age 29) to dismiss her from her service; but she refusing to do so, goes away from Court to Sion house [Map]. Divers new Lords made: Sir Henry Capel (age 53), Sir William Fermor (age 43), etc. Change of Commissioners in the Treasury. The Parliament adjourned, not well satisfied with affairs. The business of the East India Company, which they would have reformed, let fall. The Duke of Norfolk (age 37) does not succeed in his endeavor to be divorced.
St Mary's Church, Uttoxeter [Map]. Memorial to Reverend Thomas Keelinge, died 28th February 1804, and his wife Mary Keelinge commissioned by their daughter Eliza Bateman.
On 28th February 1809 Charles John Cary 9th Viscount Falkland (age 40) was shot through the groing during a duel with Arthur Annesley Roberts aka Powell. On 2nd March 1809 Charles John Cary 9th Viscount Falkland died from wounds received duelling. His son Lucius (age 5) succeeded 10th Viscount Falkland. He was buried at the Grosvenor Chapel, Mayfair.
Saint James's Chronicle, 7 March 1809:
Various erroneous statements have appeared, respecting the unfortunate duel betwixt Lord Falkland and Mr Powell; but the following particulars we are told, may be relied on: Lord Falkland dined at Mr Powell's house with a large party on the Saturday preceding the duel. The party broke up early, and Lord F and Mr P went to the opera together, having drunk a good deal of wine.
They returned from the opera to Stephen's Hotel, Bond Street, and parted as they had met, intimate friends, but in a state of inebriety. It was after this that Lord Falkland visited the Mount coffee house. On Sunday evening, Lord F looked in at Stephens's again and espying his friend, Mr Powell, he accosted him, in words, similar to these ‘What! Drunk again tonight, Pogey?' and it is understood neither was at this time perfectly sober.
Mr Powell did not relish the mode in which he had been accosted, and after a retort, Lord F snatched a cane from a gentleman's hand, and used it about his friend. The waiter and some gentlemen present, extricated Mr Powell, who retired; but the waiter met his Lordship's displeasure. On the following morning Lord Falkland went to Mr Powell's house, and apologised, by asking that gentleman's pardon, an attributing his rash conduct to inebriety. Mr Powell observed that he could not accept of his Lordship's apology, unless made at Stephen's before the persons who were present at the outrage, or to make a public one in another way.
Lord Falkland could not accede to this proposition; but in the afternoon of the same day (Monday), Captain Cotton waited on him from Mr Powell, to state that if he (Lord F) would allow Captain C to make the public apology for him at Mr Powell's house, and shortly after Mr Powell sent him challenge.
Lord F appeared much hurt after he had receive the challenge, and he did not take his wine as usual, at dinner, on Monday, on which day Mr P. and others, who dined on the Saturday at his house, were to have dined with Lord Falkland His Lordship did not go to bed on Monday night, but threw himself on his sofa, and gave strict orders to his servant to call him, to be at the Admiralty at eight o'clock in the morning.
The parties met at Golder's Green, at eleven o'clock, attended by their seconds, and two surgeons. By etiquette Mr P. fired first and inflicted the mortal wound. Lord F stood for above a minute in his position; and then threw his pistol away without discharging its contents. It is well understood that his Lordship never intended to fire at his antagonist, for he was aware he had done wrong, but he conceived his honour called him to the field, rather than make the apology required. On the arrival of his Lordship on the stones in a post chaise, he requested of Mr B. his second, to stop the chaise, as he could not bear the sensation it occasioned, but requested to be conveyed home in a hammock on the men's shoulders.
During the stoppage of the chaise, Mr Powell and Captain C, his second, overtook them, and the latter gentleman, on ascertaining the cause of the stoppage, observed, that Powell's house was near at hand, and Lord F instantly expressed a desire to go there in preference to any other house, for the world would then be convinced he owed no animosity to his antagonist.
On Mr Heaviside examining the wound, his Lordship observed that he wish to know the state of it candidly. He had seen many wounds cured on board ship, and he begged of the surgeon to treat him in the way a ship's surgeon would a wounded sailor. He vomited freely, and wished to know if there was no probability of throwing up the ball. Once Mr Heaviside having done what he could he requested as a favour, that he would go to Dorant's, and make his lady acquainted with his real state; this was done, and Lady F soon arrived at Devonshire place.
His Lordship suffered greatly the first twelve hours, but his pain was eased, and he died gradually, while his Lady, who was attentively watching him at his bedside, thought he was sleeping.
The deceased was appointed to a 74 gunship, which is to take Lord Amherst to Sicily. His Lady whom he married in the West Indies in the year 1803, was the daughter of a merchant of the first respectability. She has three sons and a daughter, the eldest boy begin only five years old, and who succeeds to the title of Lord Falkland. Mr Powell is a man of considerable fortune. He was separated from his Lady some time since, and she now lives on an annuity of £500 a year at Ramsgate.
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On 28th February 1848 Jessie Dalrymple Goddard (age 23) died from childbirth a few weeks after the birth of their only child Ernest Ambrose Vivian 2nd Baron Swansea.
On 28th February 1869 Violet Caroline Mordaunt Marchioness Bath was born illegitimately to Lowry Cole 4th Earl Enniskillen (age 23) and Harriet Moncreiffe Lady Mordaunt (age 21). Her paternity is speculative since she, Harriet, was married to Charles Mordaunt 10th Baronet (age 32) at the time of the birth. At the time of conception he had been away on an extended trip to Norway. The following year he sued for divorce threatening to bring the Prince of Wales (age 27) as a co-respondent being, allegedly, one of her many lovers. The divorce was denied as Lady Mordaunt was judged to be insane, but was finally granted in 1875 when Cole did not contest the claim that he was the father.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
The London Gazette 24071. Whitehall, February 28, 1874.
The Queen (age 54) has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal granting the dignity of an Earl of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable John Robert, Viscount Sydney (age 68), GCB, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Earl Sydney, of Scadbury, in the county of Kent. [Note. Emily Paget Countess Sydney (age 63) by marriage Countess Sydney of Scadbury in Kent.]
The Queen has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal granting the dignity of a Viscount of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Edward Cardwell, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Viscount Cardwell, of Ellerbeck, in the county palatine of Lancaster.
The Queen has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the undermentioned persons, and the respective heirs male of their bodies lawfully begotten:-
The Right Honourable Chichester Samuel Parkinson-Fortescue (age 51), by the name, style, and title of Baron Carlingford, of Carlingford, in the county of Louth.
The Right Honourable Sir Thomas Francis Fremantle (age 75), Bart., by the name, style, and title of Baron Cottesloe, of Swanbourne, and of Hardwick, in the county of BucKingham. [Louisa Elizabeth Nugent Baroness Cottesloe (age 71) by marriage Baroness Cottesloe of Swanbourne and Hardwick in BucKinghamshire]
The Right Honourable Edmund Hammond, by the name, style, and title of Baron Hammond, of Kirkella, in the town and county of the town of Kingston-upon-Hull.
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On 28th February 1878 Reginald James Macartney Greville-Nugent (age 29) was killed racing following a fall in a steeplechase at Sandown Park.
On 28th February 1881 Fernando Sanz y Martínez de Arizala Bourbon was born illegitimately to Alfonso XII King Spain (age 23) and Elena Armanda Sanz at Madrid [Map].
Letters of Christina Rossetti. 30 Torrington Square-W.C., Saturday 28th [?February 1885]
My dear Alice (age 60),
My Mother & I pay you affectionate thanks-to you & to Mrs Scott-for offering us this time a friendly pleasure we can accept. With your leave we hope to be with you at 2 o'clock next Thursday, & shall be happy to see the Miss Courtneys again, & to look forward to a late view of Mr Scott. Pray observe that your memoria technica has enabled me to spell your sisters' names correctly.1 It is happy for me that you did not select Thursday in this week, as I am struggling thro' an amorphous phase thanks to a gathering in my nose! but by next Thursday I trust I may be presentable to indulgent eyes. My dearest Mother's health continues, I am thankful to say, good, & she takes her little walks despite various winds of the compass.
With my Aunt's remembrances
Always your affectionate
Christina G. Rossetti (age 54)
Note 1. Actually AB's half sisters, born to her mother Margaret Losh Boyd who married Henry Courtney after her first husband's death. AB's brother, Spencer Boyd, thirteenth laird of Penkill Castle, left the property to Alice at his death in 1865 but with the proviso that if she died without an heir it would pass to one of his mother's remaining children. Thus, when AB died on 11 April 1897, Penkill and the title were inherited by Eleanor Margaret Courtney Boyd (fifteenth laird), the eldest of the half sisters mentioned in this letter.
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On 28th February 1894 Frances Elizabeth Arkwright (age 73) died. She was buried at St Mary's Church, Sutton Scarsdale [Map].
Frances Elizabeth Arkwright: On 10th October 1820 she was born to Captain Robert Arkwright and Frances Crawford. On 27th July 1852 Hew Dalrymple 6th Baronet and she were married.
On 28th February 1905 Judith Fitzherbert (age 83) died. Memorial at St Mary's Church, Tissington [Map],
Judith Fitzherbert: On 2nd June 1821 she was born to Henry FitzHerbert 3rd Baronet and Agnes Beresford Lady Fitzherbert.
On 28th February 1912 Bertil Bernadotte was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 29) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 30). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
28th February 1922 . Photograph of the wedding of Henry Lascelles 6th Earl Harewood (age 39) and Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 24) with King George V of the United Kingdom (age 56) and Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England (age 54).
On 28th February 1922 Henry Lascelles 6th Earl Harewood (age 39) and Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 24) were married at Westminster Abbey [Map]. His best-man was Major Victor Mackenzie 3rd Baronet (age 39). Her bridesmaids included Doris Hilda Gordon-Lennox (age 25), Mary Cambridge Duchess Beaufort (age 24), Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (age 21), Princess Maud Duff Countess Southesk (age 28), Rachel Cavendish (age 20), Helen Diana Bridgeman (age 14), Mary Beatrice Thynne Baroness Nunburnholme (age 18) and Princess May of Teck (age 16). The wedding was attending by her father and mother King George V of the United Kingdom (age 56) and Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England (age 54). She the daughter of King George V of the United Kingdom and Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England. He the son of Henry Ulrick Lascelles 5th Earl Harewood (age 75) and Florence Katharine Bridgeman Countess Harewood (age 63).
On 28th February 1941 Alfonso XIII King Spain (age 54) died.
Births on the 28th February
On 28th February 1155 Henry the Young King was born to King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England (age 21) and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen Consort Franks and England (age 33) at Bermondsey [Map].
On 28th February 1261 Margaret Dunkeld Queen Consort Norway was born to King Alexander III of Scotland (age 19) and Margaret Queen of Scotland (age 20). She a granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 28th February 1333 Engelbert La Marck III Count La Marck was born to Adolph La Marck II Count La Marck and Margaret Cleves Countess Mark.
On 28th February 1333 William Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Groby was born to Henry Ferrers 2nd Baron Ferrers of Groby (age 30) and Isabel Verdun Baroness Ferrers Groby (age 16). He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England.
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 28th February 1382 John Deincourt 4th Baron Deincourt was born to William Deincourt 2nd Baron Deincourt and Alice Neville Baroness Deincourt (age 24) at Middleham [Map].
On 28th February 1518 Francis Valois was born to King Francis I of France (age 23) and Claude Valois Orléans Queen Consort France (age 18). Coefficient of inbreeding 4.50%.
On 28th February 1574 Anne Finch Lady Twysden was born to Moyle Finch 1st Baronet (age 24) and Elizabeth Heneage 1st Countess Winchelsea (age 17).
On 28th February 1581 Frances Cecil Countess Isle Thanet was born to Thomas Cecil 1st Earl Exeter (age 38) and Dorothy Neville Countess Exeter (age 33).
On 28th February 1591 Henry Clifford 5th Earl of Cumberland was born to Francis Clifford 4th Earl of Cumberland (age 32) and Grisold Hughes Countess Cumberland.
On 28th February 1611 William Brereton 2nd Baron Brereton was born to John Bererton (age 20) and Anne Fitton (age 17).
On 28th February 1613 Bishop John Pearson was born.
On 28th February 1627 Aubrey de Vere 20th Earl of Oxford was born to Robert de Vere 19th Earl of Oxford (age 51) and Beatrice Van Hemmema Countess of Oxford (age 47).
On 28th February 1639 William Barkham 3rd Baronet was born to Edward Barkham 1st Baronet (age 47) and Francis Berney.
On 28th February 1676 Robert Bertie was born to James Bertie 1st Earl of Abingdon (age 22) and Eleanor Lee Countess Abingdon.
On 28th February 1687 Essex Finch was born to Daniel Finch 2nd Earl Nottingham 7th Earl Winchilsea (age 39) and Anne Hatton Countess Nottingham and Winchelsea.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 1705 John Molesworth 4th Baronet was born to John Molesworth 3rd Baronet (age 36) and Jane Arscott Lady Molesworth (age 26).
On 28th February 1707 Philip Roper 9th Baron Teynham was born to Henry Roper 8th Baron Teynham (age 31) and Catherine Smythe Baroness Teynham.
On 28th February 1711 Thomas Samwell 3rd Baronet was born to Thomas Samwell 2nd Baronet (age 23) and Millicent Fuller.
On 28th February 1724 George Townshend 1st Marquess Townshend was born to Charles Townshend 3rd Viscount Townsend (age 23) and Audrey aka Etheldreda Harrison (age 16).
On 28th February 1728 Thomas Pelham 1st Earl Chichester was born to Thomas "Turk" Pelham (age 23).
On 28th February 1728 William Bagot 1st Baron Bagot was born to Walter Wagstaffe Bagot 5th Baronet (age 25) and Barbara Legge Baroness Bagot (age 19).
On 3rd February 1731 Francis Eliott 5th Baronet was born to John Eliott 4th Baronet (age 25). He was baptised at St George's Church, Hanover Square on 28th February 1731.
On 28th February 1750 Cecilia Lennox was born to Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond (age 48) and Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond (age 44). She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 28th February 1785 Maria Hamilton was born to John Hamilton 1st Marquess Abercorn (age 28) and Catherine Moyle Marchioness Abercorn (age 25).
On 28th February 1823 Captain William Monck was born to Charles Monck 3rd Viscount Monck (age 31) and Bridget Willington (age 33).
On 28th February 1829 Edward Vesey Bligh was born to Edward Bligh 5th Earl Darnley (age 34) and Emma Jane Parnell Countess Darnley.
On 28th February 1829 Alfred Stourton 20th Baron Stourton 22nd Baron Segrave 21st Baron Mowbray was born to Charles Stourton 19th Baron Stourton (age 26) and Mary Lucy Clifford Baroness Stourton (age 29).
On 28th February 1830 John Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 11th or 17th Baron Saye and Sele was born to Frederick Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 10th or 16th Baron Saye and Sele (age 30) and Emily Wingfield (age 32).
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The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 28th February 1846 Sybella Charlotte Farquhar was born to Walter Rockliffe Farquhar 3rd Baronet (age 35) and Mary Octavia Somerset Lady Farquhar (age 31).
On 28th February 1849 Hugh le Despencer Boscawen was born to Evelyn Boscawen 6th Viscount Falmouth (age 29) and Mary Stapleton Viscountess Falmouth 13th Baroness Despencer (age 26).
On 28th February 1857 George Bridges Rodney 7th Baron Rodney was born to Robert Dennett Rodney 6th Baron Rodney (age 36).
On 28th February 1869 Violet Caroline Mordaunt Marchioness Bath was born illegitimately to Lowry Cole 4th Earl Enniskillen (age 23) and Harriet Moncreiffe Lady Mordaunt (age 21). Her paternity is speculative since she, Harriet, was married to Charles Mordaunt 10th Baronet (age 32) at the time of the birth. At the time of conception he had been away on an extended trip to Norway. The following year he sued for divorce threatening to bring the Prince of Wales (age 27) as a co-respondent being, allegedly, one of her many lovers. The divorce was denied as Lady Mordaunt was judged to be insane, but was finally granted in 1875 when Cole did not contest the claim that he was the father.
On 28th February 1876 Dudley Pigott aka Carleton 2nd Baron Dorchester was born to Francis Paynton Pigott and Henrietta Carleton 1st Baroness Dorchester (age 30).
On 28th February 1879 Richard Orlando Beaconsfield Bridgeman was born to George Cecil Orlando Bridgeman 4th Earl Bradford (age 34) and Ida Frances Annabella Lumley Countess Bradford (age 30).
On 28th February 1881 Fernando Sanz y Martínez de Arizala Bourbon was born illegitimately to Alfonso XII King Spain (age 23) and Elena Armanda Sanz at Madrid [Map].
On 28th February 1882 Gerald Shuckburgh 11th Baronet was born to George Thomas Shuckburgh 9th Baronet (age 52) and Ida Florence Geraldine Robertson Lady Schuckburgh. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.13%.
On 28th February 1882 Walter Keppel 9th Earl Albermarle was born to Arnold Keppel 8th Earl Albermarle (age 23) and Gertrude Egerton Countess Albemarle (age 21).
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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 1897 Cyril Holland Shakerley 5th Baronet was born to George Herbert Shakerley 4th Baronet (age 33) and Evelyn Mary France-Hayhurst Lady Shakerley (age 27).
On 28th February 1905 John North was born to Frederick George North 8th Earl Guildford (age 28).
On 28th February 1906 Alfred Gaspard Le Marchant was born to Edward Thomas Le Marchant 4th Baronet (age 34).
On 28th February 1906 Denis Le Marchant 5th Baronet was born to Edward Thomas Le Marchant 4th Baronet (age 34).
On 28th February 1911 Charles Gerald Shuckburgh 12th Baronet was born to Gerald Shuckburgh 11th Baronet (age 29).
On 28th February 1912 Bertil Bernadotte was born to Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 29) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor (age 30). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 28th February 1912 Cecilia Bowes-Lyon was born to Patrick Bowes-Lyon 15th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 27) and Dorothy Beatrix Godolphin Osborne (age 23).
On 28th February 1932 John Manningham-Buller 2nd Viscount Dilhorne was born to Reginald Manningham-Buller 1st Viscount Dilhorne (age 26) and Mary Lillian Lindsay (age 22).
On 28th February 1938 Michael Onslow 7th Earl of Onslow was born to William Onslow 6th Earl of Onslow (age 24) and Pamela Louisa Dillon Baroness Onslow (age 22).
On 28th February 1947 Jane Howard was born to Charles James Ruthven Howard 12th Earl Carlisle (age 24) and Ela Helen Aline Beaumont Countess Carlisle (age 21).
Marriages on the 28th February
On 28th February 1587 William Paulet 4th Marquess Winchester (age 28) and Lucy Cecil Marchioness Winchester were married at St Martin in the Fields Church [Map]. She the daughter of Thomas Cecil 1st Earl Exeter (age 44) and Dorothy Neville Countess Exeter (age 39). He the son of William Paulet 3rd Marquess Winchester (age 55) and Agnes Howard Marchioness Winchester (age 52). They were half fourth cousins.
On 28th February 1599 Edward Herbert 1st Baron Herbert Chirbury (age 16) and Mary Herbert Baroness Herbert Chirbury were married. They were fourth cousin once removed.
On 28th February 1607 Grey Brydges 5th Baron Chandos (age 27) and Anne Stanley Countess Castlehaven (age 26) were married. She the daughter of Ferdinando Stanley 5th Earl of Derby and Alice Spencer Countess Derby (age 57). They were half fourth cousin twice removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 28th February 1620 Thomas Knyvet 5th Baron Berners (age 23) and Frances Vaughan were married.
On 28th February 1652 Charles Paulet 1st Duke Bolton (age 22) and Christian Freschville (age 18) were married. He the son of John Paulet 5th Marquess Winchester (age 54) and Jane Savage Marchioness Winchester.
On 28th February 1692 Algernon Capell 2nd Earl Essex (age 21) and Mary Bentinck Countess Essex (age 12) were married. She by marriage Countess Essex. She the daughter of William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland (age 42) and Anne Villiers Countess Portland. He the son of Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex and Elizabeth Percy Countess Essex (age 56). They were third cousins.
On 28th February 1778 Harry Trelawny 7th Baronet (age 21) and Anne Brown Lady Trelawny were married at Kingston St Mary, Somerset. She by marriage Lady Trelawny of Trelawny in Cornwall.
On 28th February 1796 George Augustus North 3rd Earl Guildford (age 38) and Susan Coutts Countess Guilford (age 25) were married. She by marriage Countess Guildford. He the son of Frederick North 2nd Earl Guildford and Anne Speke Countess Guilford (age 56).
On 28th February 1811 Sackville Tufton 9th Earl of Thanet (age 41) and Anne Charlotte de Bojanowitz were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square. He the son of Sackville Tufton 8th Earl of Thanet and Mary Sackville Countess Thanet (age 64).
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 1825 William Cholmondeley 3rd Marquess Cholmondeley (age 24) and Marcia Emma Georgiana Arbuthnot Marchioness Cholmondeley (age 21) were married at Cholmondeley House. He the son of George Cholmondeley 1st Marquess Cholmondeley (age 75) and Georgina Charlotte Bertie Marchioness Cholmondeley (age 63).
On 28th February 1854 Thomas Gresley 10th Baronet (age 21) and Laura Anne Williams Lady Gresley were married. She by marriage Lady Gresley of Drakelow in Derbyshire.
On 28th February 1883 George Somerset 3rd Baron Raglan (age 25) and Ethel Jemima Ponsonby Baroness Raglan (age 25) were married. She the daughter of Walter William Brabazon Ponsonby 7th Earl Bessborough (age 61) and Louisa Susan Cornwallis Eliot Countess Bessborough (age 57). They were second cousins.
On 28th February 1911 Grosvenor Hood 5th Viscount Hood (age 42) and Jane Primrose Stapleton-Cotton Viscountess Hood (age 28) were married. She by marriage Viscountess Hood of Whitley in Warwickshire.
On 28th February 1922 Henry Lascelles 6th Earl Harewood (age 39) and Princess Mary Windsor Countess Harewood (age 24) were married at Westminster Abbey [Map]. His best-man was Major Victor Mackenzie 3rd Baronet (age 39). Her bridesmaids included Doris Hilda Gordon-Lennox (age 25), Mary Cambridge Duchess Beaufort (age 24), Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (age 21), Princess Maud Duff Countess Southesk (age 28), Rachel Cavendish (age 20), Helen Diana Bridgeman (age 14), Mary Beatrice Thynne Baroness Nunburnholme (age 18) and Princess May of Teck (age 16). The wedding was attending by her father and mother King George V of the United Kingdom (age 56) and Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England (age 54). She the daughter of King George V of the United Kingdom and Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England. He the son of Henry Ulrick Lascelles 5th Earl Harewood (age 75) and Florence Katharine Bridgeman Countess Harewood (age 63).
Deaths on the 28th February
On 28th February 1105 Raymond Rouerge IV Count Toulose (age 64) died. His son Alphonse (age 2) succeeded I Count Toulose.
On 28th February 1141 Helie Burgundy Countess Ponthieu (age 61) died.
On 28th February 1261 Henry Reginar III Duke Brabant (age 31) died. His son Henry (age 10) succeeded IV Duke Brabant.
On 28th February 1292 Hugh Courtenay 3rd Baron Okehampton (age 40) died at Cullicombe, Devon. His son Hugh (age 15) succeeded 4th Baron Okehampton.
On 28th February 1313 John Hastings 13th Baron Abergavenny 1st Baron Hastings (age 50) died. His son John (age 26) succeeded 2nd Baron Hastings, 14th Baron Abergavenny Feudal Creation.
On 28th February 1326 Leopold Habsburg I Duke Austria (age 35) died. His brother Albert (age 27) succeeded II Duke Austria.
On 28th February 1336 William Zouche 1st Baron Zouche Mortimer (age 71) died at Tewkesbury Abbey [Map]. He was buried at Tewkesbury Abbey [Map]. His son Alan (age 18) succeeded 2nd Baron Zouche Mortimer. Eleanor Damory Baroness Zouche Mortimer (age 17) by marriage Baroness Zouche Mortimer.
On 22nd February 1347 John Graham Earl Menteith (age 57) was condemned to be executed as a traitor. The sentence was carried out on the 28th February 1347 when John Graham Earl Menteith was hanged, drawn and quartered by direct orders of King Edward I to whom he had previously sworn fealty.
On 28th February 1463 John Lovell 8th Baron Lovel 5th Baron Holand (age 30) died. On 28th February 1463 His son Francis (age 7) succeeded 9th Baron Lovel of Titchmarsh, 6th Baron Holand at around eight years of age. He became a ward of King Edward IV of England (age 20) who gave his wardship to Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 34) spending his childhood at Middleham Castle [Map] with the young (future) King Richard III of England (age 10).
On 28th February 1550 Thomas Burgh 7th Baron Cobham 5th Baron Strabolgi 1st Baron Burgh (age 62) died. His son William (age 17) succeeded 8th Baron Cobham, 6th Baron Strabolgi, 2nd Baron Burgh.
On 28th February 1572 Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Poland (age 38) died.
On 28th February 1648 Christian IV King Denmark (age 70) died. His son Frederick (age 38) succeeded III King Denmark. Sophie Amalie Hanover Queen Consort Denmark (age 19) by marriage Queen Consort Denmark.
On 28th February 1678 Catherine Villiers Countess Pembroke and Montgomery (age 57) died.
On 28th February 1681 Elizabeth Fox Baroness Cornwallis died.
On 28th February 1684 Elizabeth Bertie Lady Stapleton died.
On 28th February 1703 Roger Twisden 2nd Baronet (age 62) died. His son Thomas (age 33) succeeded 3rd Baronet Twisden of Bradbourne in Kent.
On 28th February 1716 William Drake 4th Baronet (age 57) died. His son John (age 27) succeeded 5th Baronet Drake of Ashe in Devon.
On 28th February 1717 James Smyth of Isfield 1st Baronet (age 31) died. His son Robert (age 8) succeeded 2nd Baronet Smyth of Isfield.
On 28th February 1718 Arabella Bertie Countess Rivers died.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 1722 William Kerr 2nd Marquess Lothian (age 61) died. His son William (age 32) succeeded 3rd Marquess Lothian.
On 28th February 1775 Margaret Tufton Countess Leicester (age 74) died. Baron de Clifford abeyant. The co-heirs were her great-nephew Edward Southwell 20th Baron Clifford (age 36) [who succeeded in 1776], grandson of her sister Catherine Tufton, her nephew James Cecil 6th Earl of Salisbury (age 61), son her sister Anne Tufton Countess of Salisbury, her sister Mary Tufton Countess Gower, and her niece Isabella Powlett Countess Egmont, daughter of her sister Isabella Tufton.
On 28th February 1791 Alice Astley Countess Tankerville (age 74) died.
On 28th February 1805 Clotworthy Skeffington 2nd Earl Massereene (age 63) died without issue. His brother Henry (age 61) succeeded 3rd Earl Massereene, 7th Viscount Massereene, 7th Baron Lough Neagh, 9th Baronet Skeffington of Fisherwick in Staffordshire.
On 28th February 1809 Charles John Cary 9th Viscount Falkland (age 40) was shot through the groing during a duel with Arthur Annesley Roberts aka Powell. On 2nd March 1809 Charles John Cary 9th Viscount Falkland died from wounds received duelling. His son Lucius (age 5) succeeded 10th Viscount Falkland. He was buried at the Grosvenor Chapel, Mayfair.
Saint James's Chronicle, 7 March 1809:
Various erroneous statements have appeared, respecting the unfortunate duel betwixt Lord Falkland and Mr Powell; but the following particulars we are told, may be relied on: Lord Falkland dined at Mr Powell's house with a large party on the Saturday preceding the duel. The party broke up early, and Lord F and Mr P went to the opera together, having drunk a good deal of wine.
They returned from the opera to Stephen's Hotel, Bond Street, and parted as they had met, intimate friends, but in a state of inebriety. It was after this that Lord Falkland visited the Mount coffee house. On Sunday evening, Lord F looked in at Stephens's again and espying his friend, Mr Powell, he accosted him, in words, similar to these ‘What! Drunk again tonight, Pogey?' and it is understood neither was at this time perfectly sober.
Mr Powell did not relish the mode in which he had been accosted, and after a retort, Lord F snatched a cane from a gentleman's hand, and used it about his friend. The waiter and some gentlemen present, extricated Mr Powell, who retired; but the waiter met his Lordship's displeasure. On the following morning Lord Falkland went to Mr Powell's house, and apologised, by asking that gentleman's pardon, an attributing his rash conduct to inebriety. Mr Powell observed that he could not accept of his Lordship's apology, unless made at Stephen's before the persons who were present at the outrage, or to make a public one in another way.
Lord Falkland could not accede to this proposition; but in the afternoon of the same day (Monday), Captain Cotton waited on him from Mr Powell, to state that if he (Lord F) would allow Captain C to make the public apology for him at Mr Powell's house, and shortly after Mr Powell sent him challenge.
Lord F appeared much hurt after he had receive the challenge, and he did not take his wine as usual, at dinner, on Monday, on which day Mr P. and others, who dined on the Saturday at his house, were to have dined with Lord Falkland His Lordship did not go to bed on Monday night, but threw himself on his sofa, and gave strict orders to his servant to call him, to be at the Admiralty at eight o'clock in the morning.
The parties met at Golder's Green, at eleven o'clock, attended by their seconds, and two surgeons. By etiquette Mr P. fired first and inflicted the mortal wound. Lord F stood for above a minute in his position; and then threw his pistol away without discharging its contents. It is well understood that his Lordship never intended to fire at his antagonist, for he was aware he had done wrong, but he conceived his honour called him to the field, rather than make the apology required. On the arrival of his Lordship on the stones in a post chaise, he requested of Mr B. his second, to stop the chaise, as he could not bear the sensation it occasioned, but requested to be conveyed home in a hammock on the men's shoulders.
During the stoppage of the chaise, Mr Powell and Captain C, his second, overtook them, and the latter gentleman, on ascertaining the cause of the stoppage, observed, that Powell's house was near at hand, and Lord F instantly expressed a desire to go there in preference to any other house, for the world would then be convinced he owed no animosity to his antagonist.
On Mr Heaviside examining the wound, his Lordship observed that he wish to know the state of it candidly. He had seen many wounds cured on board ship, and he begged of the surgeon to treat him in the way a ship's surgeon would a wounded sailor. He vomited freely, and wished to know if there was no probability of throwing up the ball. Once Mr Heaviside having done what he could he requested as a favour, that he would go to Dorant's, and make his lady acquainted with his real state; this was done, and Lady F soon arrived at Devonshire place.
His Lordship suffered greatly the first twelve hours, but his pain was eased, and he died gradually, while his Lady, who was attentively watching him at his bedside, thought he was sleeping.
The deceased was appointed to a 74 gunship, which is to take Lord Amherst to Sicily. His Lady whom he married in the West Indies in the year 1803, was the daughter of a merchant of the first respectability. She has three sons and a daughter, the eldest boy begin only five years old, and who succeeds to the title of Lord Falkland. Mr Powell is a man of considerable fortune. He was separated from his Lady some time since, and she now lives on an annuity of £500 a year at Ramsgate.
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On 28th February 1818 Anne Vallayer Coster (age 73) died.
On 28th February 1825 Richard Griffin 2nd Baron Braybrook (age 74) died. His son Richard (age 41) succeeded 3rd Baron Braybrooke of Braybrooke in Northamptonshire. Jane Cornwallis Baroness Braybrook (age 26) by marriage Baroness Braybrooke of Braybrooke in Northamptonshire.
On 28th February 1827 John Lister-Kaye 1st Baronet (age 55) died. His son John (age 25) succeeded 2nd Baronet Lister-Kaye of Grange in Yorkshire.
On 28th February 1835 Reverend William Nelson 1st Earl Nelson (age 77) died. His nephew Thomas (age 48) succeeded 2nd Earl Nelson of Trafalgar and Merson in Surrey, 2nd Viscount Merton and changed his surname from Bolton to Nelson.
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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 1848 Jessie Dalrymple Goddard (age 23) died from childbirth a few weeks after the birth of their only child Ernest Ambrose Vivian 2nd Baron Swansea.
On 28th February 1858 Charles Clifford 7th Baron Clifford Chudleigh (age 67) died. His son Charles (age 39) succeeded 8th Baron Clifford of Chudleigh in Devon. Agnes Louisa Petre Baroness Clifford (age 32) by marriage Baroness Clifford of Chudleigh in Devon.
On 28th February 1895 Thomas Pym Bridges 7th Baronet (age 89) died. His first cousin George (age 76) succeeded 8th Baronet Bridges of Goodneston in Kent.
On 28th February 1895 William Henry Wellesley 2nd Earl Cowley (age 60) died at Shute Manor Draycott, Wiltshire. His son Henry (age 29) succeeded 3rd Earl Cowley, 3rd Viscount Dangan of Meath, 4th Baron Cowley. Violet Neville Countess Cowley (age 28) by marriage Countess Cowley.
On 28th February 1907 Henrietta Anne Theodosia Vyner Marchioness Ripon (age 73) died.
On 28th February 1913 Gertrude Thynne Countess Kenmare died.
On 28th February 1921 Ada "Daisy" Hogg Viscountess Furness died aboard the Furness yacht Sapphire off the coast of Portugal, while recovering from an operation. She was buried at sea.
On 28th February 1927 Luke Fildes (age 83) died.
On 28th February 1939 Edward Arthur Colebrooke 1st Baron Colebrooke (age 77) died. Baron Colebrooke of Stebunheath in Middlesex, Baronet Colebrooke of Gatton in Surrey extinct.
On 28th February 1941 Alfonso XIII King Spain (age 54) died.
On 28th February 1951 George Oliver Colthurst 7th Baronet (age 68) died. His brother Richard (age 63) succeeded 8th Baronet Colthurst of Ardum in County Cork.
On 28th February 1955 Kenelm Arthur Lister-Kaye 5th Baronet (age 62) died. His first cousin once removed Lister (age 81) succeeded 6th Baronet Lister-Kaye of Grange in Yorkshire.
On 28th February 1963 Harold St George Gray (age 91) died.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 28th February 2004 Nicholas Vivian 6th Baron Vivian (age 68) died. His son Charles (age 38) succeeded 7th Baron Vivian of Glynn and Truro in Cornwall, 7th Baronet Vivian of Truro.
On 28th February 2017 Nicholas Mosley 3rd Baron Ravensdale (age 93) died. His son Daniel (age 34) succeeded 4th Baron Ravensdale of Ravensdale in Derbyshire, 8th Baronet Mosley of Ancoats.