Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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Paternal Family Tree: Anjou aka Plantagenet
Maternal Family Tree: María González Henestrosa Lady Villagera 1356
On 19th May 1359, or thereabouts, a double-royal wedding celebration took place at Reading Abbey, Berkshire [Map] whereby two children of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England [aged 46] were married:
[her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 19] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Countess Richmond. She the daughter of Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 49] and Isabel Beaumont Duchess Lancaster [aged 39]. He the son of King Edward III of England and [her grandmother] Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England [aged 48]. They were half second cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 11] and [her aunt] Margaret Plantagenet Countess of Pembroke [aged 12] were married. At the time John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke was a ward of King Edward III of England who would enjoy the benefit of the substantial revenue of the Earldom of Pembroke until John came of age nine years later in 1368. She died two or so years later probably of plague. She the daughter of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England. He the son of Laurence Hastings 1st Earl Pembroke and Agnes Mortimer Countess of Pembroke [aged 42]. They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England.
On 21st September 1371 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 31] and [her mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 17] were married at Roquefort, Landes. She by marriage Duchess Lancaster. His younger brother [her uncle] Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 30] married Constance's sister in July 1372. An example of Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. She the illegitmate daughter of [her grandfather] Peter "Cruel" I King Castile and [her grandmother] Maria Padilla. He the son of King Edward III of England [aged 58] and Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England. They were half third cousin twice removed.
On 31st March 1373 Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile was born to [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 33] and [her mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 19] at Hertford Castle [Map]. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
In 1375 Catherine of Lancster [aged 1], daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 34], was given her own room at Melbourne Castle [Map], and a Castilin attendant.
On 24th June 1380 [her brother-in-law] John Hastings 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 7] and [her half-sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 17] were married at Kenilworth Castle [Map]. She by marriage Countess Pembroke. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 40] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke and Anne Manny Countess Pembroke. They were half third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
After 24th June 1380 [her brother-in-law] John Hastings 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 7] and [her half-sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 17] marriage annulled since she had become pregnant by John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 28] whom she subsequently married. It isn't clear whether John Holland was punished; he was half-brother to King Richard II of England [aged 13] through their mother Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales [aged 51].
On 5th February 1381 [her half-brother] Henry Bolingbroke [aged 13] and [her sister-in-law] Mary Bohun [aged 13] were married at Arundel Castle [Map]. She the daughter of Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton and Joan Fitzalan Countess Essex, Hereford and Northampton [aged 34]. He the son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 40] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were second cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 14th June 1381 the mob gained access to the Tower of London [Map] capturing Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales [aged 52], the future [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 14], Joan Holland Duchess York [aged 1] and Archbishop Simon Sudbury [aged 65].
Archbishop Simon Sudbury was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral [Map].
Lord Treasurer Robert Hales [aged 56], who had only been appointed on the 1st February 1381, was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].
On 24th June 1386 [her brother-in-law] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 34] and [her half-sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 23] were married at Plymouth, Devon [Map]. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 46] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales. They were half second cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 2nd February 1387 [her brother-in-law] King John I of Portugal [aged 35] and [her half-sister] Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 26] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 46] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of Peter I King Portugal and Inês Castro. They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 19th December 1387 an army of the Lords Appellant led by the future [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 20] prevented the forces of King Richard II of England [aged 20] commanded by Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland [aged 25] from crossing the bridge [Map] over the River Thames at Radcot in Oxfordshire. When [her uncle] Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 32] arrived with further Lord Appellant's men the King's men were encircled. The King's men attempted to force the crossing of the bridge at which time the only casualties occurred including Thomas Molyneux [aged 49] who was killed by Thomas Mortimer [aged 37]. Around 800 men drowned in the marshes whilst trying to escape. Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland narrowly escaped to France.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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In 1388 [her brother-in-law] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 36] was created 1st Earl Huntingdon. [her half-sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 24] by marriage Countess Huntingdon.
Before 17th September 1388 Henry III King Castile [aged 8] and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 15] were married at Palencia Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort Castile. She the daughter of John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 48] and Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 34]. He the son of John I King Castile [aged 30] and Eleanor Barcelona Queen Consort Castile. They were half second cousins. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Chronicle of Adam of Usk [~1352-1430]. 17th September 1388. The [her father] duke of Lancaster [aged 48] also, claiming the kingdom of Spain in right of his [her mother] wife [aged 34], sailed to that country two years after, with another crusade; and there he lost by the same sickness many of the nobles of the realm of England, and, I may say, the flower of its youthful chivalry. Yet he made peace with the king of Spain, receiving a duchy for the term of his life, and a large sum of gold for his outlay, and giving his daughter [aged 15] in marriage to the [her husband] king's eldest son [aged 8]; and so he returned to England1.
Note 1. There is no mention of the duchy in the other chronicles. By the terms of the treaty, Catherine of Lancaster married Henry, prince of the Asturias, in 1393. The duke received the sum of 200,000 crowns and a pension for the lives of himself and his duchess.
On 9th October 1390 [her father-in-law] John I King Castile [aged 32] died. His son [her husband] Henry [aged 11] succeeded III King Castile.
In 1391 [her brother-in-law] Robert Ferrers [aged 18] and [her illegitimate half-sister] Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 12] were married at Beaufort en Vallée [Map]. She the illegitmate daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 50] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 40].
On 23rd December 1392 [her aunt] Isabella of Castile Duchess York [aged 37] died. She was buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map]. She the wife of [her uncle] Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 51]. Isabella had travelled to England with her sister [her mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 38] who had married Edmund's elder brother John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 52]. Isabella and Edmund's marriage was not, apparently, a happy one. She is known to have had an affair with John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 40] who may have been the father of Richard of Conisbrough 1st Earl Cambridge [aged 7] progenitor of the House of York.
In 1394 [her brother-in-law] Ferdinand I King Aragon [aged 13] and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon [aged 20] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Aragon. He the son of [her father-in-law] John I King Castile and Eleanor Barcelona Queen Consort Castile. They were first cousin once removed.
On 24th March 1394 [her mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 40] died at Leicester Castle [Map]. She was buried at Church of the Annunciation of our Lady of the Newark [Map].
On 13th January 1396 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 55] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 45] were married at Lincoln Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Lancaster. He the son of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England and [her grandmother] Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England.
Before 29th November 1396 [her brother-in-law] Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 32] and [her illegitimate half-sister] Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Baroness Neville Raby. She the illegitmate daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 56] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 46]. They were half fifth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
In February 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was appointed Admiral of the Irish Fleet, Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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In May 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was appointed Admiral of the Northern Fleet.
After September 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was appointed 87th Knight of the Garter by King Richard II of England [aged 30].
After September 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] was appointed Lieutenant of Aquitaine.
On 29th September 1397 [her half-brother] Henry Bolingbroke [aged 30] was created 1st Duke of Hereford.
On 27th November 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] and [her sister-in-law] Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 12] were married. She by marriage Countess Somerset. She the daughter of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent [aged 47]. He the illegitmate son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 57] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 47]. They were half third cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 27th February 1398 [her illegitimate half-brother] Cardinal Henry Beaufort [aged 23] was appointed Bishop of Lincoln.
Froissart Book 4 Chapter 95. 16th September 1398. Not long after this, the king of England [aged 31] summoned a large council of the great nobles and prelates at Eltham [Map]. On their arrival, he placed his two uncles of [her father] Lancaster [aged 58] and York [aged 57] beside him, with the earls of Northumberland [aged 56], Salisbury [aged 48] and Huntingdon [aged 46]. The earl of Derby [aged 31] and the earl marshal [aged 30] were sent for, and put into separate chambers, for it had been ordered they were not to meet. The king showed he wished to mediate between them, notwithstanding their words had been very displeasing to him, and ought not to be lightly pardoned. He required therefore that they should submit themselves to his decision; and to this end sent the constable of England, with four great barons, to oblige them to promise punctually to obey it. The constable and the lords waited on the two earls, and explained the king's intentions. They both bound themselves, in their presence, to abide by whatever sentence the king should give. They having reported this, the king said, "Well then, I order that the earl marshal, for having caused trouble in this kingdom, by uttering words which he could not prove otherwise than by common report, be banished the realm: he may seek any other land he pleases to dwell in, but he must give over all hope of returning hither, as I banish him for life. I also order, that the earl of Derby, our cousin, for having angered us, and because he has been, in some measure, the cause of the earl marshal's crime and punishment, prepare to leave the kingdom within fifteen days, and be banished hence for the term of ten years, without daring to return unless recalled by us; but we shall reserve to ourself the power of abridging this term in part or altogether." The sentence was satisfactory to the lords present, who said: "The earl of Derby may readily go two or three years and amuse himself in foreign parts, for he is young enough; and, although he has already travelled to Prussia, the Holy Sepulchre, Cairo and Saint Catherine's1, he will find other places to visit. He has two sisters, queens of Castillo [aged 25] and of Portugal [aged 38], and may cheerfully pass his time with them. The lords, knights and squires of those countries, will make him welcome, for at this moment all warfare is at an end. On his arrival in Castille, as he is very active, he may put them in motion, and lead them against the infidels of Granada, which will employ his time better than remaining idle in England. Or he may go to Hainault, where his cousin, and brother in arms, the count d'Ostrevant, will be happily to see him, and gladly entertain him, that he may assist him in his war against the Frieslanders. If he go to Hainault, lie can have frequent intelligence from his own country and children. He therefore cannot fail of doing well, whithersoever he goes; and the king may speedily recall him, through means of the good friends he will leave behind, for he is the finest feather in his cap; and he must not therefore suffer him to be too long absent, if he wish to gain the love of his subjects. The earl marshal has had hard treatment, for he is banished without hope of ever being recalled; but, to say the truth, he has deserved it, for all this mischief has been caused by him and his foolish talking: he must therefore pay for it." Thus conversed many English knights with each other, the day the king passed sentence on the earl of Derby and the earl marshal.
Note 1. The monastery on Mount Sinai. - Ed.
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On 3rd February 1399 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 58] died at Leicester Castle [Map]. [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 48] was by his side. His son [her half-brother] Henry [aged 31] succeeded 2nd Duke Lancaster, 7th Earl of Leicester. He was buried in the Choir of St Paul's Cathedral [Map] with his first wife Blanche Duchess of Lancaster.
King Richard II of England [aged 32] witheld the future Henry IV's inheritance from him giving Henry reason to return to England to claim his lands and titles.
On 30th September 1399 [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 32] became King of England usurping the throne of his cousin Richard II [aged 32] and Richard's heir, the seven year old Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March [aged 7] who was descended from Edward III's second son [her uncle] Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence. This second usurption was to have far reaching consequences since it subsequently became the descent by which the House of York claimed precedence over the House of Lancaster being one of the causes of the Wars of the Roses. Duke Lancaster, Duke of Hereford, Earl Derby, Earl Lancaster and Earl of Leicester merged with the Crown.
[her brother-in-law] Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 35] was appointed Earl Marshal.
On 13th October 1399 [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 32] was crowned IV King of England at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Archbishop Thomas Fitzalan aka Arundel [aged 46] officiated. Bishop Robert Braybrooke carried the sacraments and said mass.
The future [her nephew] King Henry V of England [aged 13] carried the Sword Curtana. Thomas Beauchamp 12th Earl Warwick [aged 61] and/or [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 26] carried a sword wrapped in red and bound with golden straps symbolising two-fold mercy. Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland [aged 57] carried the Lancaster Sword.
Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 56] carried the Steward's baton. Thomas Erpingham [aged 44] carried a Sword.
Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 21] was appointed Knight of the Bath. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford [aged 10], John Arundell [aged 33] and Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick [aged 17] were knighted.
Archbishop Richard Scrope [aged 49] attended.
On 10th November 1399 [her nephew] King Henry V of England [aged 13] was created 1st Duke Lancaster by [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 32].
In 1400 [her brother-in-law] John Cornwall 1st Baron Fanhope 1st Baron Milbroke [aged 36] and [her half-sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 36] were married. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King John of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 14th September 1401 [her daughter] Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Aragon was born to [her husband] Henry III King Castile [aged 21] and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 28]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.15%. She married 12th June 1415 her first cousin Alfonso V King Aragon, son of Ferdinand I King Aragon and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon.
In 1402 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 24] was appointed Captain Ludlow Castle.
In 1403 [her daughter] Catherine Trastámara was born to [her husband] Henry III King Castile [aged 23] and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 29]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.15%.
In 1403 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 25] was appointed Admiral of the Fleet.
In 1403 [her illegitimate half-brother] Cardinal Henry Beaufort [aged 28] was appointed Lord Chancellor.
On 7th February 1403 [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 35] and [her sister-in-law] Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England [aged 33] were married at Winchester, Hampshire [Map]. His third marriage, her second. She had eight children with her first husband but, despite ten years of marriage, none with Henry. She the daughter of Charles "Bad" II King Navarre and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre. He the son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 21st July 1403 [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 36], with his son the future [her nephew] King Henry V of England [aged 16], defeated the rebel army of Henry "Hotspur" Percy [aged 39] at the Battle of Shrewsbury at the site now known as Battlefield, Shrewsbury [Map]. King Henry V of England took an arrow to the side of his face. John Stanley [aged 53] was wounded in the throat. Thomas Strickland [aged 36] fought and was awarded £38 and two of the rebel Henry's horses. Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick [aged 21] fought for the King. Walter Blount [aged 55], the King's Standard Bearer, was killed by Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine [aged 31].
Thomas Wendesley [aged 59], Edmund Cockayne [aged 47] and Robert Goushill were killed.
Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 25] was killed. His son Humphrey Stafford succeeded 6th Earl Stafford, 7th Baron Stafford.
Hugh Shirley [aged 52] was killed; he was one of four knights dressed as King Henry IV of England.
Of the rebels, Henry "Hotspur" Percy, Madog Kynaston [aged 43] and John Clifton were killed.
Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 60] was beheaded after the battle. Earl Worcester extinct.
Richard Vernon 11th Baron Shipbrook [aged 48] was hanged. Baron Shipbrook forfeit.
John Rossall was killed. His sister Eleanor Rossall [aged 26] inherited a half-share in the Rossall Shrewsbury [Map] estates.
John Massey [aged 65] was killed.
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In 1404 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 31] was appointed Constable of England.
Before 15th February 1404 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 27] and [her sister-in-law] Margaret Neville Countess Dorest [aged 20] were married. He the illegitmate son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster. They were half fifth cousin once removed. He a grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 19th November 1404 [her illegitimate half-brother] Cardinal Henry Beaufort [aged 29] was appointed Bishop of Winchester.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 6th March 1405 [her son] John II King Castile was born to [her husband] Henry III King Castile [aged 25] and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 31]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.15%. He married (1) 1418 his first cousin Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Castile, daughter of Ferdinand I King Aragon and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon, and had issue (2) after 1445 his half first cousin once removed Isabella Aviz Queen Consort Castile and had issue.
On 26th November 1405 Thomas Fitzalan 10th Earl of Surrey 5th or 12th Earl of Arundel [aged 24] and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Exeter [aged 23] were married. [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 38] and [her sister-in-law] Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England [aged 35] were present at their wedding feast. She the illegitmate daughter of [her brother-in-law] King John I of Portugal [aged 53] and Ines Peres. He the son of Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel and Elizabeth Bohun Countess Arundel and Surrey. They were half fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England.
On 25th December 1406 [her husband] Henry III King Castile [aged 27] died. His son John [aged 1] succeeded II King Castile.
On 31st January 1410 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 33] was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer which position he held until 1411.
On 16th March 1410 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 37] died at Hospital of St Katharine's by the Tower, Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at St Michael's Chapel, Canterbury Cathedral [Map]. His son [her illegitimate nephew] Henry [aged 9] succeeded 2nd Earl Somerset.
On 5th July 1411 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 34] was created 1st Earl Dorset. [her sister-in-law] Margaret Neville Countess Dorest [aged 27] by marriage Countess Dorset.
Letters. 1412. Letter XXXIII. Catherine [aged 38] daughter of John of Gaunt, Queen of Castile and Leon, to her brother [her half-brother] Henry IV [aged 44].
Most high and powerful Don Henry, by God's grace king of England and France, lord of Ireland, my most dear and beloved, and with all my heart, and with my entire mind, most cherished brother and lord, I, undoubted Queen of Castile and Leon, mother of the king and his guardian, and Governor of his realms, send to recommend myself to your favour and benediction, and much to salute you as him, to whom I pray that God would give as much health and life with honour as you yourself desire.
Most dear and beloved brother and lord, I entreat that by all means, as continually as you can, you will certify and let me know of your health, and life, and good estate and of the [her sister-in-law] Queen [aged 42] your companion, my dearest and best-loved sister; and of the Prince of Wales [aged 25], and the other princes your sons, my dearest and best-loved nephews; by which you will do me most singular pleasure and honour, and it will be a thing which will greatly please me, since it ia one of the most principal things of this world at which my heart is most joyous and consoled. And since, dearest and best-loved brother and lord, I know well that you will be pleased with the same thing, I certify and let you know, that, at the time when this letter was written, the said king my son [aged 6], your dearest and best-loved nephew, and I, and the infantas Donna Maria [aged 10] and Donna Catalina [aged 9] my daughters, your dearest and best-loved nieces, are well, and in good disposition of our persons; praise to God, who thus grant us to continue, and by his same grace grant it to you at all times.
Moreover, dearest and best-loved brother and lord, we give you to know that, having seen your writing which you sent me by John de Samora, your messenger, and understood its contents, whereas I find there how you complain that the truce was past some days before a prolongation was fixed for another following year, according as he will make relation to you. About this, and, moreover, about the coming of your ambassadors, who should come to join themselves with those whom the king my son should send, to see and determine upon the damage and mischief which those who are injured have received of their own goods, f send to you the said John de Samora, who will speak of some things that he will have to say to you from me, and of others which have been already confirmed in my name, which he will tell you. Wherefore, dearest and best-beloved brother and lord, I request you that it would please you to give faith and credence to the things that he will say to you on my part in this matter. Dearest and best-loved brother and lord, may the Holy Trinity ever have you in his holy keeping! Written in the city of Valladolid [Map], the 30th day of July. I THE Queen.
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In 1412 [her nephew] Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 24] was created 1st Duke Clarence by [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 44]. [her former sister-in-law] Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 27] by marriage Duchess Clarence.
In 1413 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 35] was appointed Lieutenant of Aquitaine.
On 20th March 1413 [her half-brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 45] died in the Jerusalem Chamber, Cheyneygates, Westminster Abbey [Map] in Westminster Abbey confirming a prophesy that he would die in Jerusalem. His son [her nephew] Henry [aged 26] succeeded V King of England. His sons King Henry V of England and Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 22] were present. He was buried in the Chancel of Canterbury Cathedral [Map].
In 1415 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 37] was appointed Captain Harfleur.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 12th June 1415 [her son-in-law] Alfonso V King Aragon [aged 19] and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Aragon [aged 13] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Aragon. She the daughter of Henry III King Castile and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 42]. He the son of Ferdinand I King Aragon [aged 34] and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon [aged 41]. They were first cousins. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 19th July 1415 [her half-sister] Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 55] died at Sacavém.
On 18th November 1416 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 39] was created 1st Duke Exeter by [her nephew] King Henry V of England [aged 30] for the remainder of his natural life for 'his service to the king and the realm on both sides of the seas'. At the time the only other dukes were the King's brothers.
In 1418 John II King Castile [aged 12] and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Castile [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Castile. She the daughter of Ferdinand I King Aragon and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon [aged 44]. He the son of Henry III King Castile and Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 44]. They were first cousins. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 2nd June 1418 Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 45] died at Valladolid [Map]. She was buried at Capilla de los Reyes Nuevos, Cathedral of Toledo.
On 16th December 1485 [her great granddaughter] Catherine of Aragon was born to [her grandson-in-law] Ferdinand II King Aragon [aged 33] and Isabella Queen Castile [aged 34] at the Palace of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid [Map]. She was possibly named after her Great Grandmother Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile daughter of John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.23%. She married (1) 14th November 1501 her half third cousin once removed Prince Arthur Tudor, son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (2) 11th June 1509 her half third cousin once removed King Henry VIII of England and Ireland, son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England, and had issue.
Kings Wessex: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Godwinson: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 9 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 11 Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John of England 
Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry III of England Son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Edward I of England Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond IV Count Provence 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence
Great x 1 Grandfather: King Edward II of England Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso IX King Leon 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ferdinand III King Castile III King Leon Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Berengaria Ivrea I Queen Castile Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Simon Dammartin
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Dammartin Queen Consort Castile and Leon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Montgomery Countess Ponthieu
GrandFather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France 
Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Philip III of France 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Philip IV of France 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: James I King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violant Árpád Queen Consort Aragon
Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella of France Queen Consort England 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Theobald IV King Navarre 
3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry I King Navarre 4 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Bourbon Queen Consort Navarre 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Blois I Queen Navarre 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Capet Count of Artois Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Blanche Capet Queen Navarre 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Father: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bouchard Avesnes
Great x 3 Grandfather: John of Avesnes I Count Hainaut 4 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret II Countess Flanders 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John of Avesnes II Count Hainaut II Count Holland 3 x Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Floris Gerulfing IV Count Holland 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Adelaide Gerulfing Countess Hainaut 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mathilde Reginar Countess Holland and Palatine Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 1 Grandfather: William of Avesnes I Count Hainaut III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland 4 x Great Grand Son of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Waleran Luxemburg III Duke Limburg 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry "Great" Luxemburg V Count Luxemburg III Count Namur
Great x 4 Grandmother: Erminsende Namur Countess of Bar
Great x 2 Grandmother: Philippa Luxemburg Countess Hainaut and Holland 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry of Bar II Count of Bar 3 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret of Bar Countess Luxemburg and Namur 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Capet Countess of Bar
GrandMother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Philip III of France 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France
Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles Valois I Count Valois 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: James I King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violant Árpád Queen Consort Aragon
Great x 1 Grandmother: Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainaut 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Charles Capet of Sicily Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles II King Naples 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Provence Queen Consort Sicily
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Capet Countess Valois 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Stephen V of Hungary
Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary of Hungary Queen Consort Naples
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cuman
Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile 
Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso X King Castile X King Leon 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Sancho IV King Castile IV King Leon 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violante Barcelona Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ferdinand IV King Castile IV King Leon 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Molina Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon
Great x 1 Grandfather: Alfonso "Avenger" XI King Castile 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso III King Portugal 
Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Denis I King Portugal 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Queen Consort Portugal 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Constance Burgundy Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Peter III King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elisabeth Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Constance Hohenstaufen Queen Consort Aragon 
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
GrandFather: Peter "Cruel" I King Castile 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso III King Portugal Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Denis I King Portugal 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Queen Consort Portugal 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alfonso "Brave" IV King Portugal 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Peter III King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elisabeth Barcelona Queen Consort Portugal 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Constance Hohenstaufen Queen Consort Aragon 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Maria Burgundy Queen Consort Castile 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso X King Castile X King Leon 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Sancho IV King Castile IV King Leon 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violante Barcelona Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon
Great x 2 Grandmother: Beatrice Ivrea Queen Consort Portugal 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maria Molina Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon
Mother: Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Garcia Padilla
Great x 1 Grandfather: Juan García Padilla 1st Lord Villagera
GrandMother: Maria Padilla
Great x 2 Grandfather: Fernán González Henestrosa
Great x 1 Grandmother: María González Henestrosa Lady Villagera