Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Bertrand Geusclin 1320-1380

Around 1320 Bertrand Geusclin was born at Motte Broons.

On 29th September 1364 Battle of Auray decided the Breton Succession in favour of John Montfort V Duke Brittany [aged 25]. The Breton and English army was commanded by John Chandos [aged 44] and included William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 34], Miles Stapleton [aged 44] and Hugh Calverley [aged 40]. Charles of Blois Duke Brittany [aged 45] was killed. Bertrand Geusclin [aged 44] surrendered.

On 3rd April 1367 the forces of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile [aged 32] commanded by Edward "Black Prince" [aged 36] defeated the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile [aged 33] at the Battle of Nájera at Nájera [Map]. The English forces included John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 27], William Scrope, Peter Courtenay [aged 21], John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux [aged 30], John Savile of Shelley and Golcar [aged 42], Bernard Brocas [aged 37] and Thomas Banastre [aged 33].

The forces of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile included Bertrand Geusclin [aged 47]. The battle achieved little since Bertrand Geusclin escaped.

John Ferrers 4th Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 36] was killed. His son Robert [aged 9] succeeded 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley. Margaret Despencer Baroness Ferrers of Chartley by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.

Edward "Black Prince" thereafter returned home, taking Peter's daughters Constance [aged 13] and Isabella [aged 12] as hostages to ensure Peter would pay the money owed to Edward. Constance married John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster, Isabella married Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 25].

On 14th March 1369 the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile [aged 35] defeated that of his half-brother Peter "Cruel" I King Castile [aged 34] at the Battle of Montiel. Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile 1334-1379's army was commanded by Bertrand Geusclin [aged 49]. Peter "Cruel" I King Castile escaped to the castle of Montiel, La Mancha.

On 21st March 1373 John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux [aged 36] was captured during the Battle of Chiset at Chizé at which the English were defeated by the French forces commanded by Bertrand Geusclin [aged 53]. The battle brought an end to English control in Poitou.

In 1380 Bertrand Geusclin [aged 60] died at Châteauneuf de Randon.