The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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Thomas Gainsborough 1727-1788

See Painters.

On or before 14th May 1727, the date he was baptised, Thomas Gainsborough was born to John Gainsborough and Mary Burroughs in Sudbury, Suffolk [Map].

In 1748 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 20] and Margaret Somerset aka Burr [aged 20] were married. Her father, Henry Somerset 3rd Duke Beaufort, had settled a £200 annuity on her. She the daughter of Henry Somerset 3rd Duke Beaufort.

Around 1748 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 20]. Portrait of the artist's with his wife Margaret Somerset aka Burr [aged 20] and their two children.

Margaret Somerset aka Burr: In 1728 she was born to Henry Somerset 3rd Duke Beaufort. In 1748 Thomas Gainsborough and she were married. Her father, Henry Somerset 3rd Duke Beaufort, had settled a £200 annuity on her. She the daughter of Henry Somerset 3rd Duke Beaufort. On 17th December 1798 she died. She was buried with her husband Thomas Gainsborough at St Anne's Church Kew, Surrey.

1763 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 35]. Portrait of the Frances Wheeler [aged 37].

Frances Wheeler: Around 1726 she was born.

In 1765 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 37]. Portrait of Francis Greville 1st Earl Brooke Warwick Castle.

In 1767 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 39]. Portrait of George Venables-Vernon 2nd Baron Vernon [aged 31]. Known as The Hunting Lord.Southampton Art Gallery.

In 1767 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 39]. Portrait of Augustus John Hervey 3rd Earl Bristol [aged 42].

On 10th December 1768 the Royal Academy was founded through a personal act of King George III [aged 30] "to establish a school or academy of design for the use of students in the arts" with an annual exhibition.

The founder members included:

Joshua Reynolds [aged 45]; President.

Angelica Kauffmann [aged 27]; one of two female founding members.

Nathaniel Dance-Holland [aged 33]

Francis Cotes [aged 42]

Thomas Gainsborough [aged 41]

William Tyler [aged 40]

William Hoare [aged 61]

Johan Joseph Zoffany [aged 35].

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Around 1770 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 42]. Portrait of John Russell 4th Duke Bedford [aged 59].

1771 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 43]. Portrait of Elizabeth Wrottesley Duchess Grafton [aged 25].

Elizabeth Wrottesley Duchess Grafton: On 1st November 1745 she was born to Richard Wrottesley 7th Baronet and Mary Leveson-Gower Lady Wrottesley. On 24th June 1769, three months after his divorce from his first wife Anne Liddell Duchess Grafton, Augustus Henry Fitzroy 3rd Duke Grafton and she were married. She by marriage Duchess Grafton. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 25th May 1822 she died.

1771 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 43]. Portrait of Barbara Yelverton [aged 10].

Barbara Yelverton: On 19th June 1760 she was born to Henry Yelverton 3rd Earl of Sussex. On 18th December 1775 Colonel Edward Thoroton Gould and she were married at Gretna Green, Dumfrieshire. She the daughter of Henry Yelverton 3rd Earl of Sussex. On 8th April 1781 she died.

1772 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 44]. Portrait of the Caroline Brudenell Lady Fludyer.

Caroline Brudenell Lady Fludyer: she was born to James Brudenell. In 1762 Samuel Fludyer 1st Baronet and Caroline Brudenell were married. She by marriage Lady Fludyer. In 1803 she died.

1774 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 46]. Portrait of Richard Paul Jodrell of Lewknor [aged 28].

Richard Paul Jodrell of Lewknor: On 13th November 1745 he was born. On 19th May 1772 he and Virtue Hase were married. On 26th January 1831 he died.

1777 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 49]. Portrait of the Mary Cathcart [aged 19].

Mary Cathcart: On 1st March 1757 she was born to Charles Cathcart 9th Lord Cathcart and Jane Hamilton. On 26th June 1792 she died off the coast near Hyères, France.

Between 1777 and 1788. Thomas Gainsborough [aged 49]. Portrait of Mary Manners [aged 20].

Mary Manners: After 1st January 1756 she was born to Robert Manners and Mary Digges. On 31st January 1777 William Hamilton Nisbet and she were married. In 1834 she died.

1777 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 49]. Portrait of the Mary Cathcart [aged 19].

Around 1778 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of Anne Hamilton [aged 11].

Around 1778. Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of the artist's wife Margaret Somerset aka Burr [aged 50].

Around 1778 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of Grace Elliott.

Around 1778 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of the Grace Dalrymple [aged 24].

Around 1778 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of Grace Elliott.

Around 1778 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of Philip Stanhope 5th Earl Chesterfield [aged 22].

Around 1778 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of the Grace Dalrymple [aged 24].

Around 1778 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 50]. Portrait of Anne Thistlethwayte Countess Chesterfield.

Anne Thistlethwayte Countess Chesterfield: she was born to Robert Thistlethwayte and Ann Bathurst. On 20th August 1777 Philip Stanhope 5th Earl Chesterfield and she were married. She by marriage Countess Chesterfield. In October 1798 she died.

Around 1779-1783 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 51]. Portrait of John Augustus "Jack" Hervey [aged 21].

Around 1780 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 52]. Portrait of Arthur Chichester 1st Marquess Donegal [aged 40].

In 1780 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 52]. Portrait of John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich [aged 61].

In 1780 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 52]. Portrait of John Hobart 2nd Earl Buckinghamshire [aged 56].

1781. Thomas Gainsborough [aged 53]. Portrait of Mary "Perdita" Darby aka Robinson [aged 23].

In 1781 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 53]. Portrait of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 42].

In 1781 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 53]. Portrait of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 42].

Around 1782 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 54]. Portrait of Charles Cornwallis 1st Marquess Cornwallis [aged 43].

In 1782 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 54]. Portrait of King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 19].

In 1782 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 54]. Portrait of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 43].

In 1782 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 54]. Portrait of King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [aged 43].

Around 1783 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 55]. Portrait of Charles Cornwallis 1st Marquess Cornwallis [aged 44].

In 1783 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 55]. Portrait of Philadelphia Rowley Lady Cotton [aged 19].

Philadelphia Rowley Lady Cotton: On 14th January 1763 she was born to Admiral Joshua Rowley 1st Baronet. On 27th February 1798 Admiral Charles Cotton 5th Baronet and she were married. She by marriage Lady Cotton of Landwade in Cambridgeshire. On 5th April 1855 she died.

In 1783 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 55]. Portrait of Georgiana Spencer Duchess Devonshire [aged 25].

Around 1784 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 56]. Portrait of Henry Frederick Hanover 1st Duke Cumberland and Strathearn [aged 38] and Anne Luttrell Duchess Cumberland and Strathearn [aged 40].

Anne Luttrell Duchess Cumberland and Strathearn: On 24th January 1743 she was born to Simon Luttrell 1st Earl Carhampton and Judith Maria Lawes Countess Carhampton at Marylebone. In 1771 Henry Frederick Hanover 1st Duke Cumberland and Strathearn and she were married. She by marriage Duchess Cumberland and Strathearn. She the daughter of Simon Luttrell 1st Earl Carhampton and Judith Maria Lawes Countess Carhampton. He the son of Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales and Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg. On 28th December 1808 she died.

Around 1784 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 56]. Portrait of Francis Rawdon-Hastings 1st Marquess Hastings [aged 29].

Around 1785 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 57]. Portrait of Captain Charles Phipps [aged 31].

Captain Charles Phipps: On 10th December 1753 he was born to Constantine Phipps 1st Baron Mulgrave and Lepell Hervey Baroness Mulgrave. He a great x 2 grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland. On 20th October 1786 he died at Mulgrave Castle [Map].

1785 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 57]. Portrait of the Charles Wolfram Cornwall [aged 49].

Charles Wolfram Cornwall: On 15th June 1735 he was born. In 1789 he was appointed Speaker of the House of Commons which position he held until his death in 1789.

1785 . Thomas Gainsborough [aged 57]. Portrait of the Sarah Kemble aka Siddons [aged 29].

Around 1785 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 57]. Portrait of Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk [aged 38].

1786 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 58]. Portrait of Admiral Thomas Graves 1st Baron Graves [aged 60].

Admiral Thomas Graves 1st Baron Graves: On 23rd October 1725 he was born to Rear-Admiral Thomas Graves and Elizabeth Budgell. In 1771 he and Elizabeth Williams were married. On 24th October 1794 Admiral Thomas Graves 1st Baron Graves was created 1st Baron Graves of Gravesend in Londonderry. On 9th February 1802 he died. His son Thomas succeeded 2nd Baron Graves of Gravesend in Londonderry.

Around 1786 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 58]. Portrait of Georgiana Spencer Duchess Devonshire [aged 28].

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of John Hobart 2nd Earl Buckinghamshire [aged 64].

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of George Nugent Temple Grenville 1st Marquess Buckingham [aged 35].

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of Richard Brooke 5th Baronet [aged 35].

Richard Brooke 5th Baronet: Around 1753 he was born to Richard Brooke 4th Baronet. On 2nd May 1780 he and Mary Cunliffe Lady Brooke were married. On 6th July 1781 Richard Brooke 4th Baronet died. His son Richard succeeded 5th Baronet Brooke of Norton Priory in Cheshire. Mary Cunliffe Lady Brooke by marriage Lady Brooke of Norton Priory in Cheshire. On 6th March 1795 he died. His son Richard succeeded 6th Baronet Brooke of Norton Priory in Cheshire.

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of Margaret Georgiana Poyntz Countess Spencer [aged 51].

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of George Sackville aka Germain 1st Viscount Sackville.

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of Hugh Percy 1st Duke Northumberland.

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of John Spencer 1st Earl Spencer.

Before 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61]. Portrait of Henry Scott 3rd Duke Buccleuch [aged 41].

On 2nd August 1788 Thomas Gainsborough [aged 61] died. He was buried at St Anne's Church Kew, Surrey.

On 17th December 1798 [his former wife] Margaret Somerset aka Burr [aged 70] died. She was buried with her husband Thomas Gainsborough at St Anne's Church Kew, Surrey.

Before 1827 . Thomas Gainsborough. Portrait of the Penelope Pitt Viscountess Ligonier [aged 77]. Collection of The Huntingdon, San Marino.