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Paternal Family Tree: Tudor
Maternal Family Tree: Jeanne Sabran
In 1476 [her future husband] Louis XII King France (age 13) and Joan Valois Queen Consort France (age 11) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of King Louis XI of France (age 52) and Queen Charlotte of Savoy (age 34). He the son of Charles Valois Duke Orléans and Mary La Marck Duchess Orléans. They were second cousin once removed.
On 18 Jan 1486 [her father] King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28) and [her mother] Elizabeth, Edward IV's eldest daughter (age 19) were married at Westminster Abbey [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort England. She the daughter of [her grandfather] King Edward IV of England and [her grandmother] Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 49). He the son of [her grandfather] Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond and [her grandmother] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 42). They were third cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 18 Mar 1496 Mary Tudor Queen Consort France was born to King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 39) and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (age 30).
On 08 Jan 1499 [her future husband] Louis XII King France (age 36) and Anne of Brittany Queen Consort France (age 21) were married at Nantes [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. Her second marriage to a King of France having been first married to Charles VIII King France. The French Crown was determined to acquire Brittany. Louis and Anne's daughter [her future step-daughter] Claude married King Francis I of France (age 4) at which time Brittany was merged with the Crown of France. He the son of Charles Valois Duke Orléans and Mary La Marck Duchess Orléans. They were first cousin once removed. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 02 Feb 1503 [her sister] Katherine Tudor was born to [her father] King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 46) and [her mother] Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (age 36) at the Tower of London [Map]. She died eight days later on 11 Feb 1503.
On 11 Feb 1503 (her birthday) Elizabeth York Queen Consort England died from childbirth.
Before 07 Feb 1507 [her future husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 23) and Margaret Neville (age 41) were married. She the daughter of John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu and Isabel Ingaldsthorpe. They were half fourth cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
After 07 Feb 1507 [her future husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 23) and Margaret Neville (age 41) were divorced. The marriage was declared void, the reason is unknown, by the Archdeaconry Court of London, and later by papal bull dated 12 May 1528.
In 1508 [her future husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 24) and Anne Browne were married secretly at Stepney [Map]. She, Anne, being the step-daughter of his first wife's (age 42) sister Lucy Neville (age 40). They, Charles and Anne, had possibly been betrothed before his marriage to Margaret Neville.
Letters and Papers 1509. Apr 1509. Will of [her father] Henry VII (age 52):
At his manor of Richmond, Surrey [Map] March 24 Henry VII., the King makes his last will, commending his soul to the Redeemer with the words he has used since his first "years of discretion," Domine Jesu Christe, qui me ex nichilo creasti, fecisti, redemisti et predestinasti ad hoc quod sum, Tu scis quid de me facere vis, fac de me secundum voluntatem Tuam cum misericordia, trusting in the grace of His Blessed Mother in whom, after Him, has been all his (testator's) trust, by whom in all his adversities he has had special comfort, and to whom he now makes his prayer (recited), as also to all the company of Heaven and especially his "accustumed avoures" St. Michael, St. John Baptist, St. John Evangelist, St. George, St. Anthony, St. Edward, St. Vincent, St. Anne, St. Mary Magdalene and St. Barbara, to defend him at the hour of death and be intercessors for the remission of his sins and salvation of his soul.
Desires to be buried at Westminster [Map], where he was crowned, where lie buried many of his progenitors, especially his granddame Catharine wife to Henry V and daughter to Charles of France, and whereto he means shortly to translate the remains of Henry IV in the chapel [Map] which he has begun to build (giving full directions for the placing and making of his tomb and finishing of the said chapel according to the plan which he has "in picture delivered" to the prior of St. Bartholomew's beside Smithfield, master of the works for the same); and he has delivered beforehand to the abbot, &c., of Westminster, £5,000, by indenture dated Richmond, 13 April 23 Hen VII, towards the cost.
His executors shall cause 10,000 masses in honor of the Trinity, the Five Wounds, the Five Joys of Our Lady, the Nine Orders of Angels, the Patriarchs, the Twelve Apostles and All Saints (numbers to each object specified) to be said within one month after his decease, at 6d. each, making in all £250 and shall distribute 2,£000 in alms; and to ensure payment he has left 2,£250 with the abbot, &c., of West-minster, by indenture dated (blank) day of (blank) in the (blank) year of his reign.
His debts are then to be paid and reparation for wrongs made by his executors at the discretion of the following persons, by whom all complaints shall be tenderly weighed, viz, the abp of Canterbury (age 59), Richard bp of Winchester (age 61), the bps of London and Rochester (age 39), Thomas Earl of Surrey (age 66), Treasurer General, George Earl of Shrewsbury (age 41), Steward of the House, Sir Charles Somerset Lord Herbert (age 49), Chamberlain, the two Chief Justices, Mr. John Yong (age 44), Master of the Rolls, Sir Thomas Lovell, Treasurer of the House, Mr. Thomas Routhall, secretary, Sir Ric Emson (age 59), Chancellor of the Duchy, Edm. Dudley (age 47), the King's attorney at the time of his decease, and his confessor, the Provincial of the Friars Observants, and Mr. William Atwater, dean of the Chapel, or at least six of them and three of his executors.
His executors shall see that the officers of the Household and Wardrobe discharge any debts which may be due for charges of the same.
Lands to the yearly value of above 1,000 mks have been "amortised" for fulfilment of certain covenants (described) with the abbey of Westminster.
For the completion of the hospital which he has begun to build at the Savoie place beside Charingcrosse, and towards which 10,000 mks in ready money has been delivered to the dean and chapter of St. Paul's, by indenture dated (blank), his executors shall deliver any more money which may be necessary; and they shall also make (if he has not done it in his lifetime) two similar hospitals in the suburbs of York and Coventry.
Certain cathedrals, abbeys, &c., named in a schedule hereto annexed [not annexed now] have undertaken to make for him orisons, prayers and suffrages "while the world shall endure," in return for which he has made them large confirmations, licences and other grants; and he now wishes 6s. 8d. each to be delivered soon after his decease to the rulers of such cathedrals, &c., 3s. 4d. to every canon and monk, being priest, within the same and 20d. to every canon, monk, vicar and minister not being priest. His executors shall bestow 2,£000 upon the repair of the highways and bridges from Windsor to Richmond manor and thence to St. George's church beside Southwark [Map], and thence to Greenwich manor, and thence to Canterbury.
To divers lords, as well of his blood as other, and also to knights, squires and other subjects, he has, for their good service, made grants of lands, offices and annuities, which he straitly charges his son, the [her brother] Prince (age 17), and other heirs to respect; as also the enfeoffments of the Duchy of Lancaster made by Parliaments of 7 and 19 Henry VII. for the fulfilment of his will.
Bequests for finishing of the church of the New College in Cambridge and the church of Westminster, for the houses of Friars Observants, for the altar within the King's grate (i.e. of his tomb), for the high altar within the King's chapel, for the image of the King to be made and set upon St. Edward's shrine, for the College of Windsor, for the monastery of Westminster, for the image of the King to be set at St. Thomas's shrine at Canterbury, and for chalices and pixes of a certain fashion to be given to all the houses of Friars and every parish church not suitably provided with such.
Bequest of a dote of 50,£000 for the marriage of Lady Mary (age 13) the King's daughter with Charles Prince of Spain (age 9), as contracted at Richmond (blank) Dec. 24 Henry VIII., or (if that fail) her marriage with any prince out of the realm by "consent of our said son the Prince, his Council and our said executors.".
On 21 Apr 1509 [her father] King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 52) died of tuberculosis at Richmond Palace [Map]. His son [her brother] Henry VIII (age 17) succeeded VIII King of England. Duke York and Earl Chester merged with the Crown.
On 11 May 1509 [her father] King Henry VII of England and Ireland (deceased) was buried in the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map]. Henry Willoughby (age 58) and Anthony Wingfield (age 22) attended. The ladies given mantelets and kerchiefs were as follows:
Household of Mary Tudor:
Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 13).
[her aunt] Catherine York Countess Devon (age 29).
Elizabeth Stafford Countess Sussex (age 30). Possibly Margaret Whetehill.
Anne Percy (age 65) or Anne Percy Countess Arundel (age 23).
Elizabeth Hussey Countess Kent.
Eleanor Pole (age 47).
Elizabeth Empson.
Mary Scrope (age 33).
Jane Popincourt.
Household of the Princess of Wales Catherine of Aragon:
Catherine of Aragon (age 23).
Agnes or Inez Vanegas.
Maria de Salinas Baroness Willoughby (age 19).
Household of Margaret Beaufort the King's Mother:
[her grandmother] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 65).
Joan Vaux "Mother Guildford" (age 46).
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1513. 11 Jan 1513. Ferdinand King of Aragon (age 60) to Pedro De UREA, his Ambassador at the Imperial Court.
Shows that the treaty which the Cardinal of Gurk (age 45) has, with the consent of Urea and Vich, concluded at Rome, by excluding the Venetians, undoes all that has been done against France. Henceforth they must make no binding declaration without consulting Ferdinand. Had the English followed his plan they would now be masters of Guienne; and, like them, the Emperor has now hindered the accomplishment of his own wishes and made France stronger. Takes this as a command from God for Christian princes to unite in reforming the Church, and has therefore devised the measures explained in instructions sent by Beltrian. Gurk is to be shown the instructions, but not this letter. If the [her future husband] King of France (age 50) offers [her future step-daughter] Madame Renée (age 2) as security, or offers to put fortresses in trust of third persons, Urea shall point out to the Emperor how little these offers are to be trusted. The marriage of Prince Charles (age 12) with the [her brother] King of England's (age 21) sister (age 16) must not be broken off; or France will gain the King of England, to the detriment of Spain and the House of Burgundy. Another essential condition is that all acts of the schismatical Council be annulled. Is glad to hear of the meeting between the Emperor and the King of England, whose alliance is both the guarantee that France will keep peace if concluded and the most valuable support in case of war.
On 13 Aug 1514 [her future husband] Louis XII King France (age 52) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 18) were married by proxy at the Palace of Placentia, Greenwich [Map]. Louis d'Orléans, Duc de Longueville (age 34), a hostage in England at the time, stood in for Louis XII King France.
Letters and Papers 1514. 09 Oct 1514. Vitell. C. XVI., 243. B.M. 3348. Marriage of the French Queen (age 18).
Declaration by [her husband] Louis XII (age 52). that he takes the Princess Mary [sister] of the King of England as his wife. Signed: Loys. Fr. Vellum, much injured by fire.
Leland's Coll. I., ii., p. 704.
ii. The names of the Lords and other Noblemen of France being at the said marriage:—
The Duke of Valois and Bretagne, the Duke of Alençon, the son of the King Don Frederic of Naples, the Earl of Vendôme, the Duke of Longueville, the Prince de la Roche Suryon, the Duke of Albany, the Earl of St. Poll, the Earl of Guise, brother to the Duke of Lorraine, Louis Monsieur, brother to the Earl of Nevers, the Earl of Roussy, the Lord of Lautrec, the Earl of Sancerre, the Lord de Lespar, the Earl Manfroy, the Lord de la Palice, Grand Maistre de France, the Earl Galiace de Saint Severin, Grand Esquire, the Earl of Alexandrie, the Earl of Maleverer, Grand Seneschal of Normandy, le Sr. de Graville, Admiral, le Sr. de Monmorancy, Premier Baron Chamb., le Sr. de Testeville, le Sr. de la Tremoille, le Prince de Talmon, son fils, le Sr. de Piennes, Lieutenant de Picardie, le Sr. de Bouchaige Chambrelan, le Sr. de Dourriers, le Sr. de Chesnes, le Sr. Daubigny, le Vidame D'Amiens, le Sr. de Boysy, Monsieur de Bonyvet, le Vidame de Chartres, Monsieur de Fou, Monsieur de Cursoll, Monsieur de Wansay, Monsieur Louis D'Ars, le Sr. du Pont de Remy, les trois Generaux de France, viz., Normandie, Languedoie, Languedoc, Monsieur de Beaudiner, Mons. de Gynry, Mons. de Rouville, Grand Veneur, Mons. Denebatt, Cappne des Toilles, Monsieur de Boucheron.
Ibid, p. 701. 3. [5483.] "The names of the lords and gentlemen of England being at the marriage of the Right Excellent Princess the Lady Mary," showing the wages paid to each, all receiving 20 days' wages in hand:—The Duke of Norfolk (age 71), my Lady his wife (age 37), the Countess of Oxford (age 17), and the Lord Edmund Howard (age 36), with 100 horses; the Marquis of Dorset (age 37), my Lady his wife (age 27), and the Lord Edward his brother, 80; the Lord Thomas Rowthall Bishop of Durham (age 42), 68, the Earl of Surrey (age 41), son and heir to the Duke of Norfolk, 58, the Lord Lawarre, 30, the Lord Berners, chamberlain to the French Queen, and the Lord Montaigle and my Lady his wife, 30; the Lord Richard Grey, the Lord John Grey, the Lord Leonard Grey, brethren to my Lord Marquis, each 20; Sir Nicholas Vaux, Sir David Owen, Sir Andrew Windsor, Sir John Husee, Sir John Peche and Sir Henry Wyot, bannerets; Sir Morice Berkeley, 20, Sir Wm. Sandes, 20, Sir John Hungerford, 12, Sir Robert Drury, Sir Tho. Botrym, 12, Sir Philipp Calthorp, Sir Thomas Clynton, Sir Robert Cotton, Sir John Heydon, Sir John Carre, Sir Edward Greville, Sir Will. Essex, Sir Philip-Tylney, Sir Nicholas Applyard, Sir Edward Bensted, Sir Will. Rows, and Sir John Wallop, knights; John Broughton, Rich. Weston, Giles Strangways, Tho. Cheyney, Ralph Chamberlain, Rich. Blont, Gerard Danet, and Robert Jonys, esquires; Garter Principal King of Arms, and his four servants; Thomas Pawlet, — Manners, George Cobham, and Anthony Saintliger; Richmond Herald; John Myclow with 50 officers of the King's household servants that were officers with the French Queen; Hen. Webb, gentleman usher; Tho. Rushe and Ambrose [Bradman], serjeant at arms.
The names of the ladies and gentlewomen being at the said marriage:—The Duchess of Norfolk, and in her company the Countess of Oxford, her daughter, the Marquise of Dorset.
Gentlewomen which were appointed to have abidden in France with the French Queen:—Dame Guylford, lady of honor, Lady Elizabeth Grey (age 17), Eliz. Ferrys. M. Ann Devereux, — Grey of Wilton, M. Boleyne, M. Wotton, Alice Denys and Anne Ferningham (age 10) (Jerningham?), chamberers, Dr. Denton, almoner, Mr. Palgrave, secretary, — (blank), chaplains.
Note. The "M. Boleyne" may be a reference to either Mary Boleyn (age 15) or Queen Anne Boleyn of England (age 13).
On 09 Oct 1514 Louis XII King France (age 52) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 18) were married at Abbeville [Map], Somme. She by marriage Queen Consort France. Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset (age 37), Thomas West 8th Baron De La Warr 5th Baron West (age 57), Thomas Brooke 8th Baron Cobham (age 44) and his son George Brooke 9th Baron Cobham (age 17), Bishop Thomas Ruthall (age 42) and Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset (age 27) attended. The difference in their ages was 33 years. She the daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England. He the son of Charles Valois Duke Orléans and Mary La Marck Duchess Orléans. They were second cousin twice removed.
Ellis' Letters S1 V1 Letter XXXIX. 12 Oct 1514. Mary Queen of France (age 18) to [her brother] King Henry the Eighth (age 23).
[MS. COTTON. CALIG. D. vi. fol. 253. Orig.]
MY good Brother as hertly as I can I recomaund me unto your Grace, mervelynge moch that I never herd from you syns ... re depertynge, so often as I have sent and wrytten to you. And now am I left post a lone in effect; for on the morn next after . . e maryage my chambirlayn with all other men servants wer dischargd and in lyke wyse my mother Guldeford (age 51) with other my women and maydyns, except such as never had experiens nor knowlech how to advertyse or gyfe me counsell yn any tyme of nede, which is to be fered more schortly then your Grace thought at the tyme of my depertynge, as my mother Guldeford can more playnly schew your Grace then I cann wryt; to whom I beseche you to gyve credens. And yf hit may be by eny meane possible, I humbly requyr you to cause my seyd mother Guldeford to repayr hither once agayn. For ells if any chauns happe other then weale I schall not knowe wher nor of whom to aske any good counsell to your pleasur, nor yet to myn own proffit. I merveill moche that my Lord of Northfolke (age 41) wold at all tymes so lyghtly graunt every thynge at ther reqwests here. I am weale assured that when ze know the trouth of every thyng as my mother Guideford can schew you, ze wold full lyttyll have thowght I schold have ben thus intreated: that wold God my Lord of Zorke (age 41) had com with me yn the rome of Northfolke: for then am I sure I schuld have bene left moch more at my herti .... then I am now.
And thus I byd your Grace fare weale with .... as ever had Prince; and more herds ease then I have now ... a Abvile [Map] the xijth . day of October.
.... gef gredens to my mowder Geldeford.
your lowyng syster MARY QUENE OF FRANCE.
Note a. From Henry the Eighth and his Court accompanied the young Queen to Dover, whence on the second of October she sailed to Boulogne. She reached Abbeville on the 8th and was married on the 9th of that month. The original List of the persons who went in her retinue, signed by Louis himself, is still preserved among the Cottonian Manuscriptsb; though strange as it may seem, almost the whole were dismissed the morning after her marriage. "The Tewesdaye, being the x. daye of October," says Hall, "all th'Englishmen except a fewe that were officers with the sayde Quene, were discharged; whiche was a great sorowe for theim, for some had served her long in hope of prefermente, and some, that had honest romes, lefte them to serve her; and now they were with out service; which caused them to take thought, in so much that some dyed by the way returning, and some fell mad; but ther was no remedy." The Queen's own account of this Transaction will be found in this, and the following Letter. Mother Guldeford who is so particularly mentioned in these Letters, was apparently the Governess, or, as she was sometimes called, the Mother to the Maids of Honor.
Note b. It was as follows:
"Premierement
Mons. le Conte de Nrushere.
Maistre docteur Denton aumosmer.
Messe. Richard Blounte escuyer de scuierie.
Enffans d'onneur: Le filz de Mons. Roos, Le filz de Mons. Cobham, Le filz de Messe. Seymor,
Evrard frere du Marquis.
Arthus Polle (age 12), frere de Monsr. de Montagu.
Le Poulayn.
Francoye Buddis, huissier de Chambre.
Maistre Guille, Medicin.
Henry Calays varler des robes.
Robert Wast.
Madamoyselle Grey, seur du Marquis. [Note. Possibly Elizabeth Grey Countess Kildare (age 17)]
Madamoyselle Marie finis fille de Monsr. Dacres. [Note. Possibly Mary Dacre (age 12)]
Madamoyselle Elizabet seur de Monsr. Grey.
Madamoyselle BOLEYNE. [Note. A reference to Mary Boleyn (age 15) rather than Queen Anne Boleyn of England (age 13) since her father Thomas wrote to Margaret of Austria on the 14th of October 1514 requesting the return of Anne - see Manuscripts of J Eliot Hodgkin].
Maistres Anne Jenyngham (age 10). femme de Chambre.
Johanue Daruossc, chamberiere."
Ellis' Letters S1 V1 Letter XL. 12 Oct 1514. Mary Queen of France (age 18) to Thomas Wolsey (age 41), then Archbishop of York.
[MS. COTTON. CALIG. D. vi. fol. 143. Orig.]
... I recomaund me un to you as hertly as I can, and as schoth .... intreated as the [her brother] kynge (age 23) and you thought I schuld have ben, for .... the morn next after the maryage, all my servants, both men and women . . a dyscharged. Insomoch that my mother Guldeford (age 51) was also dischargyd, whom as ze knowe the kynge and zou willed me in eny wyse to be cowncelled. But for eny thynge I myght do, yn no wyse myght I have any graunt for her abode here, which I assure you my lord is moch to my discomffort; besyd meny other discomffortis that ze wold full lyttyll have thought. I have not zet seen yn Fraunce eny lady or jentill woman so necessary for me as sche ys nor zet so mete to do the kynge my brother service as sche ys. And for my part my lord, as ze love the kynge my broder and me, fynd the meanes that sche may yn all hast com hither agayn, for I had as lefe lose the wynnynge I schall have yn France as to lose her counsell when I schall lacke it, which is not like long to be required, as I am sure the nobill men and jentillmen can schew you more then becometh me to wryte yn this matter. I pray you my Lord gyf credens forther to my moder Guldeford yn every thyng concernynge thys matter. And albehit my Lord of Northfollke (age 41) h .. b nethyr deled best with me nor zet with her at thys tyme: zet I pray you allwayes to be good lord unto her. And wold to God my had ben so good o have had zou with me hither when I ha . . rd c of Northfolke. And thus fare ze weale
My Lord. Wryt ile a the xij the . daye of Octobr.
My Lord I pray you gyve credens to my .... ord yn my sorows she have delyve ... Yowr on whyl I lefe
MARY
To my lovynge frend Th'archebischop of Zorke.
On 15 Oct 1514 Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 18) and the Dauphin [her husband] Louis XII King France (age 52) were betrothed at Greenwich, Kent [Map].
Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall (age 40) delivered an oration in praise of matrimony.
On 01 Jan 1515 [her husband] Louis XII King France (age 52) died. His first cousin once removed King Francis I of France (age 20) succeeded I King France: Capet Valois Angoulême.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1510-1519. 01 Jan 1515. The [her husband] French King (age 52) died,h and a new peace concluded with the [her brother] Kinge (age 23) and Francis (age 20),a that tyme new made King of France. And the Ladie Marye (age 18), French Queene, was grawnted her dowrie to be brought into England, and was suffred to have all her goodes and riches. The [her future husband] Duke of Suffolke (age 31), with Sir Richard Wingfeilde (age 46) and Dr. West, and other, sent into France as ambassadors.b A conclusion was made that the saide Duke was weddid to the saide Lady Marie in France and thereupon cam over into Englande, and with them brought oyer all thinges after their mynde.d
Note h. Louis XII died 1st January, 1515.
Note a. The Duke of Valois, who succeeded under the title of Francis I, renewed the alliance with Henry.
Note b. Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, Sir Richard Wingfield, and Dr. West, "with a goodly bande of yeomen, all in black" (says Hall), had been sent in embassy to Paris to negociate a settlement of the ex-queen's dower.
Note c. It had been arranged that the Duke should conduct the ex-queen back to England, and there have married her, but (says Stow) "for doubt of change he married her secretly at Paris, as was said;" it is now ascertained that such was the fact, and that the Duke was reproved for it by Wolsey (age 41), a draught of whose letter is still extant; as is also a letter of Mary to her brother, Heniy Ym., taking the blame on herself.
Note d. The French Chroniclers assert that Mary brought over with her into England jewels, plate, and tapestry belonging to Louis XII. to the value of 200,000 crowns, besides a great diamond called "le miroir de Naples."
The Life and Times of Cardinal Wolsey Volume 2. 16 Apr 1515. On the 16th of April after they [[her future husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 31) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 19)] had taken a suitable leave of the French Court, they departed from Paris attended by all the English in their Retinue (except Anna Bulleyn (age 14), who remained in France); on the 2d of May they landed in England and soon arriyed at Court when they had made proper Submission to the King, they were received into Favour, and, on the 13th of the same Month, they were publickly married at Greenwich in the Presence of his Majesty, the Archbishops and Bishops, and a great Concourse of the Nobility and Gentry, and then received the Compliments and Congratulations upon the happy Union. The Account the learned Bishop Burnet gives us of the Duke1 is, "That he never meddled much in Business and, by all that appears, he was a better Courtier than Statesman."
Note 1. The Duke had issue by the VIII's youngest sister two Queen Mary of France sons, Henry and Charles, who died, in the year 1551, of the Sweating Sickness, at Cambridge, within twelve Hours of each other; and two Daughters, the Ladies Frances and Eleanor. (See Dugd. Bar. Vol. II. p. 300.) The eldest, Frances, married Henry Grey, Marquis of Dorset, afterwards created Duke of Suffolk. It is said, the principal Noblemen and Ladies that sprung from the Lady Frances, Viscountess of Weymouth, who had the Honour to be descended from this illustrious Branch of the said Queen and Duke's Family, are the present Right Honourable Thomas, Earl of Ailesbury, arid his Aunt, the Countess of Cardigan ; the late Earl of Winchelsea's Sister, and the Earl himselff, whose Successor is the present Right Honourable Daniel, Earl of Winchelsea and Nottingham, first Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, &c. whose Sister, the Lady Betty Finch, married the eminent Lawyer, and excellent Orator, the Honourable William Murray, Esq; his Majesty's Sollcitor General. Eleanor, the youngest Daughter, of the said Queen and Duke, married Henry, Lord Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, which title is extinct : But the illustrious Name of Clifford will never die, in regard the Blood of that noble House now runs in the Veins of the present Right Honourable Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington, &c. who will ever be renowned for his popular Spirit, in encouraging all Liberal Arts and Sciences, particularly Architecture, in which he is allowed to have a most sublime Taste ; and it may be truly said of this Nobleman, that he has been blest with Riches, and a Soul to enjoy it. The Right Honourable Charles Boyle, Earl of Orrery, is of this noble Family; as was also the late Lord Shannon. In short, they have, for several Generations, shone as well in the Senatorial as Marital Capacity.
In May 1515 Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 31) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 19) were married. She by marriage Duchess Suffolk. She had married Louis XII King France in Oct 1514; he had died on 01 Jan 1515. Around this time he surrendered the title Viscount Lisle which he had been created in anticipation of this marriage to Elizabeth Grey Countess Devon (age 10) which never took place. She the daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland and Elizabeth York Queen Consort England.
On 11 Mar 1516 [her son] Henry Brandon was born to [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 32) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 19). He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 17 Jul 1517 [her daughter] Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk was born to [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 33) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 21). She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
In 1519 [her daughter] Eleanor Brandon Countess Cumberland was born to [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 35) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 22). She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1519. R. O. 2. Copy of the above. Mutilated, pp. 15. 1522. 4 March. R. O. Revels.
Richard Gibson's accounts for Revels held 29 Dec. and 1 Jan. 13 Hen. VIII.
24 yds. black cotton, at 7d. a yard, for lining eight maskeler coats. "Making and translating" eight gowns and hoods, 8d. each. 16 coats and hoods translated from women's garments of the disguising of the 7th and 5th year, at 2s. Carriage, &c., 4s. Nine doz. silk points, at 4d. a doz. Bought by Gibson, 7 "tapets of verdes, wrought tapessary," containing 206¾ "Flemish sticks," at 16d.; 16 yds. of cloth of silver, and 13 yds. of russet velvet, for a sparver for the King; 30 yds. russet sarsnet, at 4s., for the mantle of the sparver. Bought of Eliz. Phelip, 2 lb. 2 oz. silk, at 16d. an oz.; black buckram for lining the sparver, 2 pieces, at 7s. 6d. Of Wm. Botre, mercer, 5 yards crimson satin, at 9s.; 3 ells of Holland cloth, at 10d.; 4 lb. fine carded wool, at 6d., for lining 3 headpieces, 3 collars, 2 pasguards, 1 maindefer and 3 gauntlets, 10s.
Accounts of the preparations for jousts of pleasure held 2 March 13 Hen. VIII.—Bought of John Cumpage, 18 yds. cloth of silver of damask, at 43s. 4d., for covering the King's bard and base; 36 yds. white velvet, at 11s. 8d., for bards and bases for the earl of Devonshire and lord Roos; 25 yds. white damask, at 8s., for covering bard, basecoat, &c., for the master of the Horse. Of John Gun, in Watling Street, 22 yds. of "kooksaell whyght," at 5s., for covering bards and bases for Mr. Anth. Knevet, Mr. Kingston, Mr. Darrell and Mr. Brown, and for lining the King's coat; 18½ yds. yellow satin, at 8s., for bordering the 4 gentlemen's bards and bases; 3 yds. crimson satin, at 9s., for lining a headpiece, a pasguard, a main de fer and 2 gauntlets; 1 yd. white sarsnet, for girdles, 3s. 4d.; 3½ yds. blue satin, at 8s., for embroidering fetters or shackles on the apparel of Sir Nic. Kerrew, master of the King's Horse;½ yd. black velvet, 6s., for letters on the bards and bases; 2 ells of linen cloth, at 12d., for lining under the satin of the King's pieces; 6 pieces of black buckram, at 5s., used by Mortimer, the embroiderer, for straining 6 bards and base coats; 2 lb. of carded wool, 8d., for quilting the lining of the King's pieces; 47 oz. white silk fringe, at 14d., for embroidering 6 bards and brunts; 60 oz. of silk lace, at 14d., for points for the covering of the bards, 6 doz. to each. Bought of Jan Sterre, 6 oz. silk fringe, at 4s. 6d., for the King's bard and brunt. From Eliz. Warcop, 18¾ oz. of tassel fringe, at 14d., for the harness and the saddle of the master of the Horse. From the King's store, 21 yds. cloth of gold of damask, for the King's bard and base, and the apparel of the master of the Horse and the earl of Devonshire.
"Ell moun kewr a naverray (Elle mon cœur a navré [She has wounded my heart]) was in browdyrd with golld." To Wm. Mortimer, embroiderer, for embroidering the King's bard and base and those of the earl of Devenshire, lord Ros, Knevet, Darrell, Kingston and Browne, with "ells" and hearts, £0. 6s. 8d. To the tailor, £5. 2s. To Nicolas Mageor, saddler, covering a steel saddle, 6s 8d.; covering and making a harness, 8s.; 2 double fashioned girths, 3s. 4d.; 2 arming surcingles, 3s. 4d.; 1 pair of arming stirrups, 2s.; a white girth, 12d.; 3 brown girths, 18d. Total, 26s. 1d. "This stuff delivered to the master of the Horse and clerk of the Stable." Carriage from Greenwich to London, 3s. 8d. To Tege of Paul's wharf, for "a great tilted boat with four oars," carrying stuff to Greenwich for a night and a day, 10s.
"Revels for lords," held 4 March 13 Hen. VIII., in the manor of York. The following preparations were made according to directions given to Gibson by "the hy kountrolleler Mr. Sir Harry Gyllforthe:" 6 yds. blue satin at 8s., 41 yds. yellow damask at 8s., for garnishing 8 mantles, with "rolls written with divers words and poyems, that is to wit, on every cloak 42 resuns;" 16 yds. blue velvet at 12s., for buskins; leather and soles, 32s. To the tailor, for making 8 coats of cloth of gold and tinsel, at 4s.; 8 cloaks mantled, and lined with vents, and set with 42 "resuns" each, at 13s. 4d. For writing 344 "resuns," at½d. each; size and "ynd bawdyas" (?) for the letters, 3s. Pots and tools, 3d. Paper for patterns, 5d. Boats to bring the stuff to Westminster to the Cardinal's place, and home again, 3s. 20 doz. hempen points called tresses, for knitting the bards, 3d. a doz.
Expenses of a pageant, for which was made a castle called "the Schatew vert." [1522 Chateau Vert Pageant]—Bought of Thos. Wyllyamson, 14 double quarters at 4d.; 6 single quarters, at 1½d.; 250 plank board, at 2s. 8d. the 100, "which timber, as quarters double, spent and employed on the boos of the pageant, whereon hung all the edifice; the board spent on the stairs in to the haut place set in the window, and spied from the james of the same, and also board and timber for place and standing of the minstrels with vials and other instruments." From an ironmonger at the "gret kondyght" (conduit), 500 fivepenny nails, at 4d. the 100; 700 fourpenny nails, at 3d.; 800 tacks, at 1d.; 500 sixpenny nails, at 5d. From Master Gardener, grocer, 17½ lb. 1 oz. verdigris, at 10d. a lb. From Thos. Bechop, 36 lb. Spanish white, at 1d.; 10 gallons of size, at 3d.; a bowl of pink, 16d.; a bowl of "flurray," 4d.; 5 gallons of vinegar at 3d., for tempering the verdigris; earthen pots and colour pans, 11d.; 8 qrs. of coals, at 4½d., for heating colours and drying the pageant; 3 gross of green tinfoil, at 3s., for the battlements; 1 quire of paper royal, 6d.; 2 reams of green paper, at 2s. 8d., for patterns of the "cryptors," for covering the castle, filling joints and "wynd schaks," &c.;½ bushel of wheat flour for paste, 12d.;½ lb. of bristles, 5d.;½ lb. crossbow thread, 5d.; 2 banners, 18s.
Wages of workmen, from 20 Feb. to 4 March, carpenters and painters 8d. and 6d., and laborers 5d. a day. A barge with 4 oars and a steersman, for 2 days and 2 nights, to carry the pageant, 13s. 4d. Hire of 5 cars from "the Kran in the Ventre" to the Prince's wardrobe, 10d. "The charges of the pageant, £8. 0s. 2d." For the ladies' apparel, 16 garments from the King's store were translated. Bought from Wm. Botre, 24 yds. of fine yellow satin, at 8s., for making 192 "resuns" for the 8 ladies' garments; 8 cauls of Venice gold for the ladies' heads, 8s. each. These things remain with the French queen (age 25), the [her aunt] countess of Devonshire (age 42), Mistress Anne Boleyn (age 21), Mistress Karre (age 23), Mistress Parker (age 17), Mistress Browne, Mistress Danet and Mistress [blank]. 8 silk cauls of divers colours, at 2s. 8d.; 3 cauls "lost by the children of my Lord's chapel, by casting down out of the castle;" 5½ yds. black velvet, at 11s., for 4 bonnets which remain with the ladies; 1,000 velvet pins, 10d.
To the woman's tailor, £3. 4s. Pasteboard for the bonnets, 6s. 8d. Reparation of one lady's garment, 2s. Reparation and translating of 18 garments for the maskeller on Monday, 3 March, used by my Lord's gentlemen, 5s. Total, £0. 16s. 4d. Total of this book, £8. 16s. 6d.
Pp. 35, in Gibson's hand, much faded.
Hall's Chronicle 1522. 04 Mar 1522. On Shrove Tuesday at night, the said Cardinal to the King and Ambassadors made another supper, and after supper they came into a great chamber hanged with Arras, and there was a clothe of estate, and many branches, and on every branch thirty-two torchettes of wax, and in the nether end of the same chamber was a castle, in which was a principal Tower, in which was a cresset burning: and two other less Towers stood on every side, warded and embattailed, and on every Tower was a banner, one banner was of three rent hearts, the other was a ladies hand gripping a man’s heart, the third banner was a ladies hand turning a man’s heart: this castle was kept with ladies of strange names, the first Beautie (age 25), the second [her aunt] Honor (age 42), the third Perseveraunce (age 21), the fourth Kyndnes (age 23), the fifth Constance (age 17), the sixte Bounty, the seventh Mercy, and the eight Pity: these eight ladies had Milan gowns of white satin, every Lady had her name embroidered with gold, on their heads cauls, and Milan bonnets of gold, with jewels. Underneath the base fortress of the castle were other eight ladies, whose names were, Danger, Disdain, Jealousy, Unkindness, Scorn, Malebouche, Strangeness, these ladies were tired [attired] like to women of India. Then entered eight lords in clothe of gold caps and all, and great mantel cloaks of blue satin, these lords were named. Amorous, Nobleness, Youth, Attendance, Loyalty, Pleasure, Gentleness, and Liberty, the [her brother] King (age 30) was chief of this company, this company was led by one all in crimson satin with burning flames of gold, called Ardent Desire which so moved the Ladies to give over the Castle, but Scorne and Disdain said they would hold the place, then Desire said the ladies should be won and came and encouraged the knights, then the lords ran to the castle, (at which time without was shot a great peal of guns) and the ladies defended the castle with rose water and comfits and the lords threw in dates and oranges, and other fruits made for pleasure but at the last the place was won, but Lady Scorn and her company stubbornly defended them with bows and balls, till they were driven out of the place and fled. Then the lords took the ladies of honour as prisoners by the hands, and brought them down, and danced together very pleasantly, which much pleased the strangers, and when they had danced their fill then all these dis-visored themselves and were known: and then was there a costly banquet, and when all was done, the strangers took their leave of the King and the Cardinal and so departed into Flanders, giving to the King much commendation.
Note. Hall's Chronicle doesn't specify who played each part described - there doesn't appear to be any source for the attribution of the players. It may be entirely an invention of the 2007 TV Series "The Tudors".
Around 1523 [her son] Henry Brandon was born to [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 39) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 26). He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
In 1525 Edward Grey 3rd Baron Grey of Powis (age 22) and [her illegitimate step-daughter] Anne Brandon Baroness Grey Powis (age 18) were married. She by marriage Baroness Grey of Powis. She the illegitmate daughter of [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 41) and Anne Browne. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry IV of England.
Around 18 Jun 1525 [her son-in-law] Henry Clifford 2nd Earl of Cumberland (age 8) and [her daughter] Eleanor Brandon Countess Cumberland (age 6) were married at Bridewell Palace [Map]. [her brother] King Henry VIII of England and Ireland (age 33) was present. She the daughter of [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 41) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 29). He the son of Henry Clifford 1st Earl of Cumberland (age 32) and Margaret Percy Baroness Clifford (age 25). They were half third cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
Before 1527 Thomas Stanley 2nd Baron Monteagle (age 19) and [her step-daughter] Mary Brandon Baroness Monteagle (age 16) were married. She by marriage Baroness Monteagle. She the daughter of [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 42) and Anne Browne. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England.
Archives of Venice 1527. May 7. [1527] Sanuto Diaries, v. xlv. pp. 194–198.
105. Gasparo Spinelli, Venetian Secretary in London, to his brother Lodovico Spinelli, in Venice.
On the 4th instant all the ambassadors, with the exception of the Emperor's, were summoned to Greenwich, where, in the presence of the King and the chief personages of the Court, the French ambassador, the Bishop of Tarbes, delivered an oration, which was answered by the Bishop of London, who, on the morrow, Cardinal Wolsey being unable to officiate from indisposition, sang mass with the usual ceremonies; after which at the high altar, where the missal was opened by the Cardinal, the French ambassadors swore in his hands ("in mano dil R~mo Cardinal") to observe the perpetual peace now concluded with the King of England, he on his part swearing in like manner.
Two of the ambassadors, namely the prelate and the soldier, dined with the King, the others dining together apart.
On rising from table they went to the Queen's apartment, where the Princess (age 11) danced with the French ambassador, the Viscount of Turenne, who considered her very handsome ("molto bella"), and admirable by reason of her great and uncommon mental endowments; but so thin, spare, and small ("cosi magreta et scarma et picola") as to render it impossible for her to be married for the next three years.
Then yesterday1 there was a joust, the challengers at the tilt ("al campo") being four2, the competitors ("concorrenti") sixteen, each of whom ran six courses; a very delectable sight, by reason of the prowess of the knights. The joust ended with the day, not without rain, which rather impeded the jousting.
The King and the Queens3, with some 200 damsels ("damigelle"), then went to the apartments which I informed you in a former letter were being prepared [on one side of the list-yard at Greenwich] for the reception of the French ambassadors, the rest of the company following them. The site adjoined the other chambers from whence the King and the nobility view the jousts. They were but two halls, about thirty paces in length, and of proportional height and breadth. The centre of the ceiling of the first hall was entirely covered with brocatel of no great value, but producing a good effect; the walls were hung with the most costly tapestry in England, representing the history of David; and there was a row of torches closely set, illuminating the place very brilliantly, being ranged below the windows, which were at no great distance from the roof. The royal table was prepared in front of the hall, with a large canopy of tissue ("soprarizo"), beneath which was the King, with the Queens, his wife and sister, at the sides. Then came two long tables, at one of which, on the right-hand side, were seated the French ambassadors and the Princes, each pairing with some great lady. At the other table, to the left, the Venetian ambassador and the one from Milan placed themselves, with the rest of the lords and ladies. At no great distance from the two tables were two cupboards, reaching from the floor to the roof, forming a semicircle, on which was a large and varied assortment of vases, all of massive gold, the value of which it would be difficult to estimate, nor were any of them touched; silver gilt dishes of another sort being used for the viands of meat and fish, which were in such variety and abundance that the banquet lasted a long while.
The door of this hall was in the form of a very lofty triumphal arch, fashioned after the antique, beneath which were three vaulted entrances; through one passed the dishes for the table, through the other they were removed, and on each side of the centre one, which was the largest, stood two enormous cupboards bearing the wine to be served at table. Over the triumphal arch was a spacious balcony for the musicians, bearing the arms of the King and Queen, with sundry busts of Emperors, and the King's motto, "Dieu et mon droit" and other Greek (sic) words. Could never conceive anything so costly and well designed ("ben ordinata") as what was witnessed on that night at Greenwich.
On rising from table all were marshalled, according to their rank, along a corridor of no great length to the other hall, which was of rather less size than the first. The floor was covered with cloth of silk embroidered with gold lilies. The ceiling, which was well nigh flat, was all painted, representing a map of the world ("mapamondo in Alpa forma"), the names of the principal provinces being legible; there were also the signs of the zodiac and their properties ("le loro proprietà"), these paintings being supported by giants. Along the sides of the hall were three tiers of seats, each of which had a beam placed lengthwise, for the spectators to lean on, nor did one tier interfere with the other. Above these tiers were in like manner three rows of torches, so well disposed and contrived as not to impede the view.
Within the space for the spectators, on the right-hand side, in the first tier, the ambassadors were placed, in the second the Princes, in the third those to whom admission was granted, they being few. On the opposite side, in the same order, were the ladies, whose various styles of beauty and apparel, enhanced by the brilliancy of the lights, caused me to think I was contemplating the choirs of angels; they, in like manner, being placed one above the other. Two-thirds of the distance down the hall, an arch of a single span had been erected, its depth being five feet and a half [English measure], all gilt with fine gold, the inside of the arch being decorated with a number of beautiful figures in low relief. The magnificence of this arch was such that it was difficult to comprehend how so grand a structure could have been raised in so short a space of time. In the centre, to the front ("nel fronte nel mezo"), stood the royal throne ("soglio"), on which the King sat, the two Queens being seated below at his feet.
All the spectators being thus methodically placed, without the least noise or confusion, and precisely as pre-arranged, the entertainment commenced. One thing above all others surprised me most, never having witnessed the like any where, it being impossible to represent or credit with how much order, regularity, and silence such public entertainments proceed and are conducted in England. First of all, there entered the hall eight singers, forming two wings, and singing certain English songs; in their centre was a very handsome youth alone, clad in skyblue tatfety, a number of eyes being scattered over his gown; and having presented themselves before the King, the singers then withdrew in the same order, there remaining by himself the youth, who, in the guise of Mercury, sent to the King by Jupiter, delivered a learned Latin oration in praise of his Majesty; which panegyric being ended, he announced that Jupiter, having frequently listened to disputes between Love and Riches concerning their relative authority, and that being unable to decide the controversy, he appointed his Majesty as judge, and requested him to pronounce and pass sentence on both of them. Thereupon Mercury departed, and next came eight young choristers of the chapel, four on each side; those to the right were all clad in cloth of gold, much ornamented, and the first of them was Cupid ("Amor"); the others to the left were variously arrayed, and their chief was Plutus ("la Richesa"); in the centre walked one alone, in the guise of Justice, who sang.
In this order they presented themselves to the King, before whom Justice commenced narrating the dispute between the parties, in English, and desired Cupid ("Amor") to begin with his defence, to which Plutus ("la Richeza") replied, each of the choristers on either side defending their leaders, by reciting a number of verses. The altercation being ended, Cupid and Plutus determined that judgment should go by battle, and thus, having departed, three men-at-arms in white armour, with three naked swords in their hands, entered from the end of the hall, and having drawn up under the triumphal arch, an opening was made in its centre by some unseen means, and out of the arch fell down a bar, in front of which there appeared three well-armed knights. The combat then commenced valiantly, man to man, some of them dealing such blows that their swords broke. After they had fought some while, a second bar was let down, which separated them, the first three having vanquished the others, fighting with great courage; and the duel ("duello") being thus ended, the combatants quitted the hall in like manner as they had entered it. Thereupon there fell to the ground at the extremity of the hall a painted canvas [curtain], from an aperture in which was seen a most verdant cave ("antro") approachable by four steps, each side being guarded by four of the chief gentlemen of the Court, clad in tissue doublets and tall plumes, each of whom carried a torch. Well grouped within the cave were eight damsels of such rare beauty as to be supposed goddesses rather than human beings. They were arrayed in cloth of gold, their hair gathered into a net, with a very richly jewelled garland, surmounted by a velvet cap, the hanging sleeves of their surcoats ("camisa") being so long that they well nigh touched the ground, and so well and richly wrought as to be no slight ornament to their beauty. They descended gracefully from their seats to the sound of trumpets, the first of them being the Princess, hand in hand with the Marchioness of Exeter (age 24). Her beauty in this array produced such effect on everybody that all the other marvellous sights previously witnessed were forgotten, and they gave themselves up solely to contemplation of so fair an angel. On her person were so many precious stones that their splendour and radiance dazzled the sight, in such wise as to make one believe that she was decked with all the gems of the eighth sphere. Dancing thus they presented themselves to the King, their dance being very delightful by reason of its variety, as they formed certain groups and figures most pleasing to the sight. Their dance being finished, they ranged themselves on one side, and in like order the eight youths, leaving their torches, came down from the cave, and after performing their dance, each of them took by the hand one of those beautiful nymphs, and having led a courant together ("menata una chorea") for a while, returned to their places.
Six masks then entered. To detail their costume would be but to repeat the words "cloth of gold," cloth of silver," &c. They chose such ladies as they pleased for their partners, and commenced various dances, which being ended, the King appeared. The French ambassador, the Marquis of Turrene, was at his side, and behind him four couple of noblemen ("signori"), all masked, and all wearing black velvet slippers on their feet, this being done, lest the King should be distinguished from the others, as from the hurt which he received lately on his left foot when playing at tennis ("allo palla") he wears a black velvet slipper. They were all clad in tissue doublets, over which was a very long and ample gown of black satin, with hoods of the same material, and on their heads caps of tawney velvet. They then took by the hand an equal number of ladies, dancing with great glee, and at the end of the dance unmasked; whereupon the Princess with her companions again descended, and came to the King, who in the presence of the French ambassadors took off her cap, and the net being displaced, a profusion of silver tresses as beautiful as ever seen on human head fell over her shoulders, forming a most agreeable sight. The aforesaid ambassadors then took leave of her; and all departing from that beautiful place returned to the supper hall, where the tables were spread with every sort of confection and choice wines for all who chose to cheer themselves with them. The sun, I believe, greatly hastened his course, having perhaps had a hint from Mercury of so rare a sight; so showing himself already on the horizon, warning being thus given of his presence, everybody thought it time to quit the royal chambers, returning to their own with such sleepy eyes that the daylight could not keep them open.
As the Bishop of Tarbes is departing tomorrow morning in haste, I will not be more diffuse. He will be accompanied by Master Poyntz [Sir Francis Poyntz] and Clarencieux, king-of-arms, to do what I wrote in a former letter. On their departure each of the ambassadors received a gold cup from his Majesty.
London, 7th May 1527. Registered by Sanuto, 3rd June.
[Italian.]
Note 1. 6th May, according to the date of Spinelli's letter. In Hall's Chronicle (pp. 721, 722, ed. London, 1809), mention is made of the mass at Greenwich on Sunday, 5 May, and of the jousts, but of these last he does not state the precise date, giving, however, the names of the challengers, and adding that whilst they tilted "yt rained apace."
Note 2. Namely. Sir Nicholas Carew (age 31), Sir Robert Jernyngham, Sir Anthony Browne (age 27), and Nicholas Harvy. (See Hall, as above.)
Note 3. Catharine (age 41), and Mary Queen Dowager of France (age 31).
Hall's Chronicle 1533. On Midsomer day after, the lady Mary (age 35) the Frenche Queen died in Suffolk at the lordship of.... who was the late wife to [her former husband] Louis the 12th, and after married to [her husband] Charles Duke of Suffolk (age 47), and was buried at....
Archives of Venice 1532. April 23 [1532]. Sanuto Diaries, v. lvi. p. 167. 761. Carlo Capello to the Signory.
Received the Signory's letters of the 8th January and 11th March, with the advices from Constantinople. Went to the Court, and by the King's order conferred with the Duke of Norfolk, to whom communicated the advices, and justified the Signory for having exacted a loan from the clergy, about which the Duke appeared to know nothing, but was not sorry to hear it, because at the last session of Parliament the annats payable at Rome were abolished.
At the moment of his arrival at the Court, one of the chief gentlemen in the service of said Duke of Norfolk, with 20 followers, assaulted and killed in the sanctuary of Westminster Sir (D'no) William Peninthum (sic) chief gentleman and kinsman of the [her husband] Duke of Suffolk (age 48). In consequence of this, the whole Court was in an uproar, and had the Duke of Suffolk been there, it is supposed that a serious affray would have taken place. On hearing of what had happened, he (Suffolk) was on his way to remove the assailants by force from the sanctuary, when the King sent the Treasurer [Thomas Cromwell] to him, and made him return, and has adjusted the affair; and this turmoil displeased him. It is said to have been caused by a private quarrel, but I am assured it was owing to opprobrious language uttered against Madam Anne (age 31) by his Majesty's sister, the Duchess of Suffolk (age 36), Queen Dowager of France.
The affair of the divorce becomes daily more difficult. The Bishops of France and of this island replied lately that they could not assent to it without the Pope's consent, because, when created, they swear not to oppose the Pope's wishes; and the King's desire increases; whilst by letters from Rome it is heard that in all the debates the Queen may be styled King of this island, by reason of the love the people bear her, for her goodness and wisdom.
Yesterday, Monseigneur Falconetto arrived here in 15 days from the Emperor, to demand assistance against the Turk. He went this morning to the Court with another Imperial ambassador resident here.
London, 23rd April. Registered by Sanuto 31st May.
[Italian.]
In 1533 [her son-in-law] Henry Grey 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 16) and [her daughter] Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk (age 15) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Dorset. She the daughter of [her husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 49) and Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 36). He the son of Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset and Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset (age 46). They were half second cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 23 Jun 1533 Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (age 37) died at Westhorpe, Suffolk [Map].
After 23 Jun 1533 Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (deceased) was reburied at St Mary's Church, Bury St Edmunds.
On 21 Jul 1533 Mary Tudor Queen Consort France (deceased) was buried at Bury St Edmund's Abbey [Map]. Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 14) chief mourner.
Wriothesley's Chronicle 1530-1539. 23 Jun 1533. This yeare, on Midsommer eaven, died the French Queene (age 37),a sister to the [her brother] Kinge (age 41), and wife to the [her husband] Duke of Suffolke (age 49), and was buried at Sainct Edmondesburie in Suffolke.
Note a. Mary, sister to Henry VIII and Queen Dowager of France, died at the manor of Westhorpe [Map], in Suffolk, on the 23rd June, and was buried (July 22) at the monastery of St. Edmondsbury [Map], where her corpse was found in a perfect state on September 6th, 1784, being 251 years after her interment.
Letters and Papers 1533. 3 Sept [1533]. On Sunday next the [her former husband] duke of Suffolk (age 49) will be married to the daughter [Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 14)] of a Spanish lady [Maria de Salinas Baroness Willoughby (age 43)] named lady Willoughby. She was promised to his son, but he is only ten years old; and although it is not worth writing to your Majesty the novelty of the case made me mention it.
The Duke will have done a service to the ladies who can point to his example when they are reproached, as is usual, with marrying again immediately after the death of their husbands.
The King has given him, in compensation, I think, for the expence he had in the burial of his late wife [Mary Tudor, younger sister of King Henry VIII], the fruits of a vacant bishopric1, which will amount to more than 12,000 ducats. Thanks the Emperor for promising to remember him in the distribution of benefices. London, 3 Sept. 1533.
Fr., hol., pp. 5, from a modern copy.
Note 1. This must be Ely.
On 07 Sep 1533 [her former husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 49) and Catherine Willoughby Duchess Suffolk (age 14) were married. She by marriage Duchess Suffolk. The difference in their ages was 35 years.
Calendar of State Papers Spain Volume 5 Part 2 1531-1533. 21 Jan 1536. Wien, Rep. P.C., Fasc. 236, No. 3. Eustace Chapuys (age 46) to the Emperor (age 35).
The good Queen (deceased) breathed her last at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. Eight hours afterwards, by the [her brother] King's (age 44) express commands, the inspection of her body was made, without her confessor or physician or any other officer of her household being present, save the fire-lighter in the house, a servant of his, and a companion of the latter, who proceeded at once to open the body. Neither of them had practised chirurgy, and yet they had often performed the same operation, especially the principal or head of them, who, after making the examination, went to the Bishop of Llandaff, the Queen's confessor, and declared to him in great secrecy, and as if his life depended on it, that he had found the Queen's body and the intestines perfectly sound and healthy, as if nothing had happened, with the single exception of the heart, which was completely black, and of a most hideous aspect; after washing it in three different waters, and finding that it did not change colour, he cut it in two, and found that it was the same inside, so much so that after being washed several times it never changed colour. The man also said that he found inside the heart something black and round, which adhered strongly to the concavities. And moreover, after this spontaneous declaration on the part of the man, my secretary having asked the Queen's physician whether he thought the Queen had died of poison, the latter answered that in his opinion there was no doubt about it, for the bishop had been told so under confession, and besides that, had not the secret been revealed, the symptoms, the course, and the fatal end of her illness were a proof of that.
No words can describe the joy and delight which this King and the promoters of his concubinate (age 35) have felt at the demise of the good Queen, especially the earl of Vulcher (age 59), and his son (age 33), who must have said to themselves, What a pity it was that the Princess (age 19) had not kept her mother company. The King himself on Saturday, when he received the news, was heard to exclaim, "Thank God, we are now free from any fear of war, and the time has come for dealing with the French much more to our advantage than heretofore, for if they once suspect my becoming the Emperor's friend and ally now that the real cause of our enmity no longer exists I shall be able to do anything I like with them." On the following day, which was Sunday, the King dressed entirely in yellow from head to foot, with the single exception of a white feather in his cap. His bastard daughter (age 2) was triumphantly taken to church to the sound of trumpets and with great display. Then, after dinner, the King went to the hall, where the ladies were dancing, and there made great demonstration of joy, and at last went into his own apartments, took the little bastard, carried her in his arms, and began to show her first to one, then to another, and did the same on the following days. Since then his joy has somewhat subsided; he has no longer made such demonstrations, but to make up for it, as it were, has been tilting and running lances at Grinduys [Map]. On the other hand, if I am to believe the reports that come to me from every quarter, I must say that the displeasure and grief generally felt at the Queen's demise is really incredible, as well as the indignation of the people against the King. All charge him with being the cause of the Queen's death, which I imagine has been produced partly by poison and partly by despondency and grief; besides which, the joy which the King himself, as abovesaid, manifested upon hearing the news, has considerably confirmed people in that belief.
Whilst the sorrow and indignation of the English last, it will be, in my opinion, the fit moment for urging the present Pope to proceed against this King, and apply the requisite remedy to so many evils. The measure would be most opportune just now; for these people, thinking, as they actually do, that because the good Queen is dead, no further proceedings can be instituted against them, would be greatly astonished, and taken, as it were, by surprise. They fancy, moreover. that the Pope on his own account, and for what personally concerns him and the Church, will not dare to stir and provoke war, especially as a good portion of Germany and other countries is in the same predicament as this King is. Yet, though the Queen is no longer alive, it is due to her memory and to the honour of her royal relatives to have it declared that she actually died Queen of England. It is, moreover, important to proceed at once to the execution of the sentence in what relates to the Princess, and dissolve and annul this second marriage, which certainly has not become more valid and legitimate through the Queen's death. Another declaration would be necessary on the part of the Pope, namely, that the King could not marry this woman, nor any other, during the Queen's life, according to the rules and prescriptions of civil right, unless the Pope himself had granted a dispensation.
It would indeed seem as if these people entertained some hope of making the Pope lean to their side, for only three days ago Cromwell said at dinner (a plainne table) that possibly within a very few days one might see in England a legate and an ambassador from the Pope, who would come to confirm all their former doings. And yesterday an order was issued for the curates and other preachers to abstain from preaching anything either against or in favour of the existence of purgatory, images, the worship of saints, and other doubtful theological questions. Perhaps by this and other means they hope to cajole His Holiness and send him to sleep until Your Majesty has actually left Rome,—which in my opinion, would he a great and irreparable evil; and I fancy that the courier who has taken to France the news of the Queens decease has been instructed to proceed afterwards to Rome in haste, and prevent, if he can, the publication of the ecclesiastical censures.
There has been some rumour here that this King intended going personally to his daughter, the Princess, or sending some high personage to condole with her, and that on that ground the news of her mother's death would be kept from her as long as possible. I hear, however, that nothing of the sort is the case. Four days after the Queen's demise the governess herself went straight to the Princess, and most unceremoniously, without the least preparation, announced to her the sad event. I myself had previously written to the Princess a letter of condolence, and sent it to one of her maids in waiting with instructions to put it into her hands the moment her mother's death should be notified to her. This was done; and I must say that the Princess received such consolation and comfort through it that soon after she herself wrote to me a very good and well penned answer, in which, after thanking me immensely for the invaluable good I have done her, she begged me to let the King know that, unless she were immediately removed from the house and company in which she was, she should consider herself as good as lost; and that, following my advice, she would in the midst of her tribulations do her best to show that courage and constancy of which I had spoken to her, and at all events prepare for death.
In the evening of the day on which the Queen's death was notified to her, the Princess begged her governess to write a letter to the King, asking for the physician and apothecary who had attended on her, rather, as I imagine, to make inquiries and hear the particulars of her last illness, than because she herself wanted their services. To which request of the Princess the King answered, that her complaint, if any, was not the result of illness, but merely of natural affliction, and therefore that she needed no physician nor apothecary at all. The Princess then wrote to me, praying, among other things, that I should solicit and procure the personal attendance of those two officials on the plea that she was really unwell, and could not do without them which I did forthwith, as Your Majesty must have heard.
The day before yesterday I forwarded to her the letter which Your Majesty had written to the Queen, her mother, as well as another from the Queen Regent of Flanders, both of which arrived too late. The letters, however, have been of great consolation to the Princess, as she herself wrote to me half an hour ago; for since her mother's death she writes oftener than before, for no other purpose, as I imagine, than to give a proof of that courage and firmness which I am continually recommending to her. I must add that her good sense, incomparable virtues, and unheard-of patience under the circumstances, enable her to bear with fortitude the loss of a mother whom she loved and cherished as much, perhaps more than any daughter ever did;—the Queen, her mother, having always been her principal refuge in all her tribulations.
Great preparations are being made for the burial of the good Queen, and according to a message received from Master Cromwell (age 51) the funeral is to be conducted with such a pomp and magnificence that those present will scarcely believe their eyes. It is to take place on the 1st of February; the chief mourner to be the [her daughter] King's own niece (age 18), that is to say, the daughter of the [her former husband] duke of Suffolk (age 52); next to her will go the Duchess, her mother; then the wife of the duke of Norfolk (age 39), and several other ladies in great numbers. And from what I hear, it is intended to distribute mourning apparel to no less than 600 women of a lower class. As to the lords and gentlemen, nothing has yet transpired as to who they are to be, nor how many. Master Cromwell himself, as I have written to Your Majesty, pressed me on two different occasions to accept the mourning cloth, which this King offered for the purpose no doubt of securing my attendance at the funeral, which is what he greatly desires; but by the advice of the Queen Regent of Flanders (Mary), of the Princess herself, and of many other worthy personages, I have declined, and, refused the cloth proffered; alleging as an excuse that I was already prepared, and had some of it at home, but in reality because I was unwilling to attend a funeral, which, however costly and magnificent, is not that befitting a Queen of England.
The King, or his Privy Council, thought at first that very solemn obsequies ought to be performed at the cathedral church of this city. Numerous carpenters and other artizans had already set to work, but since then the order has been revoked, and there is no talk of it now. Whether they meant it in earnest, and then changed their mind, or whether it was merely a feint to keep people contented and remove suspicion, I cannot say for certain.
In 1544 Master John. Portrait of Mary Tudor Queen Consort France.
On 22 Aug 1545 [her former husband] Charles Brandon 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 61) died. His son Henry Brandon 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 9) succeeded 2nd Duke Suffolk, 2nd Viscount Lisle.
On 01 Jan 1562 the New Years Gift Giving was held. Those who gave gifts provide an interesting who's who of the Elizabethan Court soon after Elizabeth I's Coronation. Queen Elizabeth (age 28) was present since a number are described as "With the Qene her Majestie."
For 'dimy' read 'demi' ie half-sovereigns.
Neweeyeur's Gyftes gevon to the Quene her Majestie by those Parsons whose Names hereafter ensue, the first of January, the Yere above wrytten.
By the [her granddaughter] Lady Margaret Strainge (age 22), a little round mounte of golde to conteyne a pomaunder in it. With the Qene her Majestie. Note. Lady Margaret Strange married [her grandson-in-law] Henry Stanley Lord Strange (age 30) on 07 Feb 1555. In 1561 he had not succeeded to Earldom of Derby and was known by the courtesy title Lord Strange. She is listed first since she was one of the few remaining direct descendants of [her father] Henry VII, being a great-granddaughter by his daughter Mary Tudor. Margaret Clifford was first in line to succeed in 1568 but died in 1596 before Elizabeth I.
Dukes, Marquises and Earls.
By the Duke of Norfolke (age 25), in a purse of purple silke and golde knit, in sundry coynes of golde £20 0s 0d.
By the Marquis of Winchester (age 79), High Threasourer of Englande, in a purse of crymsen satten, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Marquis of Northampton (age 50), in a purse of crymsen silke and gold knit, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Arundell (age 49), Lord Steward, in a paper, in angels, £30 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Shrewesburye (age 34), in a red silke purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Darbye (age 52), in a purse of crymsen satten, embraudered with golde, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Pembroke (age 61), in a purse of black silk and silver knit, in new angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Bedforde (age 35), in a purse of black silk and golde knytt, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Rutlande (age 35), in a purse of red silk and golde knytt, in dimy soveraigns and angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Huntingdon, in a red silk purse, in angells £15 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Westmerlande (age 37), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £10 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Oxforde (age 46), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £10 0s 0d.
By the Earle of Northumberlande (age 34), in a purse of black silke and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d. With the Quene her Highness.
By the Earle of Warwike (age 32), a smocke wrought with black silk, a peire of slevis, and a partelett wrought with gold, silver, and black silke. Delivered to the Baroness Cobham (age 23).
By the Viscounte Mountague (age 33), in a purse of cloth of golde, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
Bishops. The list of Bishops ends with "With her said Majestie"; unclear whether this refers to all the Bishops listed.
By the Archbusshop of Caunterbury (age 57), in a red silk purse, in dimy soveraigns £40 0s 0d.
By the Archbusshop of York (age 61), in soveraigns £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Duresme (age 42), in a purse of crymson silk and gold knytt, in angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Ely (age 69), in a red vellat purse, in angells £30 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Wynchester (age 52), in a purse of crymsen silk and gold knytt and set with pearles, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of London (age 43), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Salisbury (age 39), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Worcester (age 43), in a black vellat purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Lyncoln (age 42), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Chychester (age 64), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Norwich (age 50), in a blew silk purse £13 6s 8d.
By the Busshop of Hereforde (age 52), in a green silk purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Lychfield and Coventry (age 48), in a red satten purse, in angells £13 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Rochester (age 48), in a red purse, in gold £13 6s 8d.
By the Busshop of Saint Davies (age 55), in a red silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Bathe, in a purse of red silk, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Exetour, in a blew silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Peterborowe, in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Busshop of Chester, in a red purse, in angells and soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
Duchesses and Countesses.
By the Duchess of Norfolke (age 22), in a prse of crymsen silk and gold knyt, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Duchess of Somerset (age 65), in a purse of silver and black silk, in royalls and ducketts £14 0s 0d. Probably the Dowager Duchess of Somerset since her husband Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset had been executed in 1552, and their children disinherited as a result.
By the Countess of Surrey, in a purse of tawny silk and gold, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d. Dowager since her husband Henry Howard 1516-1547, by courtesy Earl Surrey, had been executed in 1547.
By the Countess of Pembroke (age 38), in a cherry bag of crymsen satten, in new angells £15 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Bedford (age 36), in a purse of crymsen silk and silver knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Darby (age 51), in a purse of crymson sattin embrodred with gold, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Oxford (age 36), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Shrewisbury, Dowager (age 62), in a purse of black silk knytt, in dimy soveraignes £12 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Shrewisbury (age 37), in a red silk purse knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Huntingdon, Dowager (age 51), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Huntingdon (age 24), in a red purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Northumberland (age 24), in a purse of black silk and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Countess of Rutland (age 29), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £13 6s 8d.
Viscountesses.
By the Vicountess Hereford, Dowager (age 42), six hankercheffes edged with gold delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Vicountess Mountague (age 24), in a purse of cloth of gold, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
Lordes.
By the Lorde Keeper of the Great Seale, Bacon (age 51), in a purse of silver knytt, in angells £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde William Howard, Lord Chamberlen (age 52), in a purse of crymsen silk and gold knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Pagett (age 56), in a greene purse in dimy soveraignes £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde Clynton, Lord Admyrall (age 50), in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Riche (age 65), in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde North (age 66), in a purse of purple silk and silver, in dimy soveraignes £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Lumley (age 29), in a paper, in angells £20 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Hastings of Loughboro (age 41), in a red silk purse, in French crowns £13 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Stafford (age 60), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Windsor (age 30), in a purse of crymsn silk and gold knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
by Lorde John Graye (age 38), a haunce pott of allabaster garnished with silver gilt. Delivered in charge to John Asteley, Esq Master and Threasourer of her Highnes Jewels and Plate. Lord John Grey assumed to be a courtesy title his father being Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset.
By the Lorde Barkeley (age 27), in a red purse, in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Mountejoye (age 29), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Abergavennye (age 36), in a purse of red silke, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Scrowpe (age 28), in a purse of blak silk and silver knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Caree of Hundesdon (age 35), in a purse of crymsen silk, in double ducketts £13 6s 8d.
By the Lorde Strainge, in a purse of red silk and gold, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d. Lord Strange being the courtesy title for the Earldom of Derby. He wouldn't inherit until 1572.
By the Lorde Darcey of Chichey (age 30), in a red purse, in dimy soveraignes, £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Shefild (age 24), in a red silk purse, in gold £10 0s 0d.
By the Lorde Shandowes (age 40), in a blak silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
Ladyes.
By the Baroness Howarde (age 47), in a purse of crymsen silk and knytt, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Baroness Clinton (age 35), a peire of sleevis of gold, pulled out with lawne. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Baroness Genevillet, in gold £6 13s 4d.
By the Lady Barkeley (age 24), Lord Barkeley's wife, in gold £5 0s 0d.
By the Lady Mountejoye (age 30), in a red silk purse, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lady Abergavenny, in a red satten purse, in dimy soveraignes £5 0s 0d.
By the Lady Caree of Hundesdon (age 33), in a blak purse knytt, in angells £10 0s 0d.
By the Lady Taylboyes, Sir Peter Carewe's (age 48) wyfe, in a purse of blak silk and silver, in dimy soveraignes £10 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Baroness Cobham, a partelett and a peire of sleeves of sypers wrought with silver and blak silke. Re-delivered to herself.
By the Lady Dakers (age 21), a warming ball of gold, per oz. 3 oz. dim. With her said Majestie.
By the Lady Shefilde (age 20), a paire of sleeves wrought with fringe of blak silk and lozeng of gold. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Margaret Baroness Scrope (age 18), in a purse of blak silk and silver, in angells £7 0s 0d. With her said Majestie.
By the Lady Shandowes (age 38), a peire of sleeves and a partlett of gold and silver knytt, cawle fashion. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
By the Lady Knowlles (age 38), a feyne carpett of needleworke, theverende frienged and buttoned with gold and silk. Delivered to John Torneworth, Groom of the Privy Chamber.
By the Lady Butler, in a little white purse, in French crowns £6 0s 0d. With her said Majestie. Unclear as to who Lady Butler refers to.
By the Lady Raclyef, a peire of sleeves of cameryk, all over sett with purle, and two sweet bags. Delivered to the said Baroness Cobham.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1513. Ferdinand King of Aragon to Ramon De CARDONA, his Viceroy of Naples and Captain-General in Italy.
Has received letters from Gurk, Urea and Vich announcing the alliance with exclusion of the Venetians. Nothing could be more favourable to France. Has revoked the unlimited powers of his ambassadors and ordered them henceforth to ask special orders for everything. While the present treaty has no other object than to prevent the Pope making a separate peace with France, the writer's plan was by an alliance of all the princes of Italy to expel the French; and, simultaneously, to concert an invasion of France by England on the side of Calais, himself on the side of Guienne and the Emperor on the side of Burgundy. The treaty with England was nearly concluded. England and Spain were to pay their own expenses; the Pope, Venetians and Milan to help the Emperor with the pay of 7,000 or 8,000 Germans. In six months the [her brother] King of England might have conquered Guienne and Normandy, Prince Charles, Burgundy, Gueldres and his towns of Picardy; and after that Italy would have been safe from attacks by France. At the last moment the Emperor has spoilt all by his hatred of the Venetians. Thinks God is punishing them for their neglect of the Church and that wars will never cease until they unite for its thorough reformation.
Supposes the Emperor will soon make peace with Venice. Sketches the conditions for a peace with France and conquest of Venice. The Emperor must take care not to break off the marriage engagement of Prince Charles with the King of England's sister; but if the King should propose another marriage it might be accepted and the Prince married to a French princess. Other considerations. Reformation of the Church and conquest of Venice to be kept strictly secret.
King Edward IV of England 1442-1483
King Edward III of England 1312-1377
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster 1340-1399
Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 1364-1425
Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York 1415-1495
Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland 1379-1440
John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 1337-1388
Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby
Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent 1350-1397
Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York 1411-1460
Katherine Roet Duchess Lancaster 1350-1403
Kings Wessex: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 11 Grand Daughter of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn King Gwynedd King Powys
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 15 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of Louis VII King Franks
Kings France: Great x 2 Grand Daughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Jane Grey I Queen England and Ireland
Brigadier-General Charles FitzClarence
Great x 4 Grandfather: Goronwy ap Tudur Hen Tudor
Great x 3 Grandfather: Tudur ap Goronwy Tudor
Great x 4 Grandmother: Gwerfyl verch Madog Hendwr
Great x 2 Grandfather: Maredudd Tudor 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas ap Llywelyn Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marged verch Thomas 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Owen Tudor 4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
GrandFather: Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond 5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John "The Good" II of France 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Charles V of France 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Bonne Luxemburg Queen Consort France 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Peter Bourbon Duke Bourbon 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joanna Bourbon Queen Consort France 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella Valois Duchess Bourbon 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Catherine of Valois Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Stephen Wittelsbach II Duke Bavaria 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Stephen "Magnificient Fop" Wittelsbach III Duke Bavaria 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Barcelona Duchess Bavaria 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabeau Wittelsbach Queen Consort France 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bernabò Visconti
Great x 3 Grandmother: Taddea Visconti Duchess Bavaria
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Regina della Scala
Father: King Henry VII of England and Ireland 3 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Giles "Payne" Roet
Great x 3 Grandmother: Katherine Roet Duchess Lancaster
Great x 1 Grandfather: John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Fitzalan 3rd or 10th Earl of Arundel 8th Earl of Surrey 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Arundel and Surrey Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
GrandMother: Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Beauchamp 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Beauchamp 2nd Baron Beauchamp Bletsoe 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Clopton Baroness Beauchamp
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Beauchamp 3rd Baron Beauchamp Bletsoe 7 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Stourton 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Stourton 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Edith Stourton Baroness Beauchamp Bletsoe 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Mary Tudor Queen Consort France Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard of Conisbrough 1st Earl Cambridge Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Peter "Cruel" I King Castile 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella of Castile Duchess York 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Maria Padilla
Great x 1 Grandfather: Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl Ulster 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger Mortimer 4th Earl March 6th Earl Ulster Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 5th Countess Ulster Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne Mortimer 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor Holland Countess March and Ulster 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
GrandFather: King Edward IV of England 2 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 2nd Baron Neville of Raby 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Alice Audley Baroness Greystoke and Neville 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Percy 10th and 2nd Baron Percy 5 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Percy Baroness Neville Raby 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Idonia Clifford Baroness Percy 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Edward III of England Son of King Edward II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Giles "Payne" Roet
Great x 3 Grandmother: Katherine Roet Duchess Lancaster
Mother: Elizabeth York Queen Consort England Daughter of King Edward IV of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Woodville
Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Woodville
Great x 1 Grandfather: Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Bittelsgate
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Bittelsgate
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Beauchamp
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Beauchamp
GrandMother: Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Guy of Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol and Ligny 8 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Luxemburg Count St Pol 3 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mathilde Chatillon Countess Saint Pol 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Louis Count of Enghien
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Brienne
Great x 1 Grandmother: Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England