Duke Lorraine is in Dukes of France.
In 910 Reginar "Longneck" I Duke Lorraine [aged 60] was appointed I Duke Lorraine.
On 25th August 915 Reginar "Longneck" I Duke Lorraine [aged 65] died. Reginar II Reginarids II Count Hainaut [aged 23] was appointed II Count Hainaut. His son Gilbert [aged 25] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
In 944 Conrad "Red" Saxony I Duke Lorraine [aged 22] was appointed I Duke Lorraine.
In 954 Bruno Saxon Ottonian Archbishop Cologne [aged 28] was appointed Duke Lorraine.
On 14th April 1070 Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 40] died. His son Theodoric [aged 15] succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
Around 1075 Theodoric "Valiant" Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 20] and Hedwige Formbach Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine and Hedwige Namur Duchess Lorraine.
In 1106 Theodoric "Valiant" Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 51] and Gertrude Flanders Duchess Lorraine [aged 26] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of Robert "The Frisian" I Count Flanders and Gertrude Billung Countess Holland [aged 76]. He the son of Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine and Hedwige Namur Duchess Lorraine. They were third cousin once removed.
On 30th December 1115 Theodoric "Valiant" Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 60] died. His son Simon [aged 39] succeeded I Duke Lorraine. Adelaide Reginar Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
On 14th January 1139 Simon Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 63] died. His son Matthias [aged 20] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
On 13th May 1176 Matthias Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 57] died. His son Simon succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
In 1205 Frederick Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 62] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
On 7th April 1206 Frederick Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 63] died. His son Frederick succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
On 10th October 1213 Frederick Metz II Duke Lorraine died. His son Theobald succeeded I Duke Lorraine. Gertrude Dagsburg Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
In 1220 Theobald Metz I Duke Lorraine died. His brother Matthias [aged 27] succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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In 1225 Matthias Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 32] and Catherine Luxembourg Duchess Lorraine [aged 10] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. The difference in their ages was 22 years. She the daughter of Waleran Luxembourg III Duke Limburg [aged 60] and Erminsende Namur Countess of Bar [aged 38]. He the son of Frederick Metz II Duke Lorraine and Agnes of Bar Duchess Lorraine. They were fourth cousin twice removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England.
On 9th February 1251 Matthias Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 58] died. His son Frederick [aged 11] succeeded III Duke Lorraine. Margaret Blois Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
On 23rd May 1278 Theobald Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 15] and Isabelle Lady Rumigny Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Frederick Metz III Duke Lorraine [aged 38] and Margaret Blois Duchess Lorraine.
On 31st December 1302 Frederick Metz III Duke Lorraine [aged 62] died. His son Theobald [aged 39] succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
On 13th May 1312 Theobald Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 49] died. His son Frederick [aged 30] succeeded IV Duke Lorraine. Elizabeth Habsburg Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
In 1329 Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 9] and Eleanor of Bar Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Frederick "Fighter" Metz IV Duke Lorraine [aged 46] and Elizabeth Habsburg Duchess Lorraine. They were half fourth cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 21st April 1329 Frederick "Fighter" Metz IV Duke Lorraine [aged 47] died. His son Rudolph [aged 9] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
In 1334 Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 14] and Marie Chatillon Duchess Lorraine [aged 15] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Guy Chatillon I Count Blois and Margaret Valois [aged 39]. He the son of Frederick "Fighter" Metz IV Duke Lorraine and Elizabeth Habsburg Duchess Lorraine. They were fourth cousins. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.
On 26th August 1346 the army of King Edward III of England [aged 33] defeated the French army at the Battle of Crécy. The English army was commanded by King Edward III of England, his son Edward "Black Prince" [aged 16], Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick [aged 33], William Bohun 1st Earl of Northampton [aged 36] and John Beauchamp 1st Baron Beauchamp Warwick [aged 30].
The English army was included: Bishop Thomas of Hatfield [aged 36], Hugh Despencer 1st Baron Despencer [aged 38], Bernard Brocas [aged 16], Thomas Felton [aged 16], James Audley [aged 28], Robert Bourchier 1st Baron Bourchier, Bartholomew "The Elder" Burghesh 1st Baron Burghesh [aged 59], Bartholomew "The Younger" Burghesh 2nd Baron Burghesh [aged 18], Reginald Cobham 1st Baron Cobham [aged 51], John Darcy 1st Baron Darcy of Knayth [aged 66], Robert Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 37], Richard Scrope 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton [aged 19], William Scrope [aged 21], Stephen Scrope [aged 21], William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 16], John Lisle 2nd Baron Lisle [aged 28], Gerard Lisle 1st Baron Lisle [aged 42], Nicholas Longford [aged 61], Edward Montagu 1st Baron Montagu, Walter Paveley 4th Baron Burghesh [aged 27], Michael Poynings 1st Baron Poynings [aged 28], Robert Ufford 1st Earl Suffolk [aged 48], John de Vere 7th Earl of Oxford [aged 34], Thomas West [aged 34], John Willoughby 2nd Baron Willoughby [aged 43], John Wingfield [aged 26], Henry Percy 11th and 3rd Baron Percy [aged 25], Hugh Courtenay 2nd or 10th Earl Devon [aged 43] (possibly), Walter "Elder" Devereux [aged 37], John Devereux [aged 44], Enion Sais Brecon, John Chandos [aged 26], Richard Pembridge [aged 26] and John Sully [aged 63].
The French army suffered significant casualties. King Philip "Fortunate" VI of France [aged 52] was wounded. William de Coucy [aged 60] and his son Enguerrand 6th Lord de Coucy [aged 33] and were killed.
Charles II Count Alençon [aged 49] was killed. His son Charles [aged 9] succeeded Count Alençon.
Louis Chatillon II Count Blois I Count Chatillon was killed. His son Louis succeeded III Count Blois.
Louis Dampierre II Count Nevers I Count Flanders [aged 42] was killed. His son Louis [aged 15] succeeded III Count Nevers, II Count Flanders.
King John I of Bohemia [aged 50] was killed. His son Charles [aged 30] succeeded IV King Bohemia, Holy Roman Emperor Luxemburg. Blanche Valois Holy Roman Empress Luxembourg [aged 29] by marriage Holy Roman Empress Luxemburg.
Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 26] was killed. His son John succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
Jean IV de Harcourt [aged 39] was killed.
In 1361 John Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 14] and Sophie Württemberg Duchess Lorraine [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Rudolph "Valiant" Metz I Duke Lorraine and Marie Chatillon Duchess Lorraine [aged 42].
On 23rd September 1390 John Metz I Duke Lorraine [aged 44] died. His son Charles [aged 26] succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 6th February 1393 Charles Metz II Duke Lorraine [aged 28] and Margaret Wittelsbach Duchess Lorraine [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Rupert King Germany [aged 40]. He the son of John Metz I Duke Lorraine and Sophie Württemberg Duchess Lorraine. They were fourth cousins.
In 1453 Isabella Metz Duchess Anjou I Duchess Lorraine [aged 53] died. Her son John [aged 28] succeeded John II Duke Lorraine.
In 1473 René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar [aged 21] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
In 1485 René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar [aged 33] and Philippa Egmont Duchess of Bar Duchess Lorraine [aged 18] were married. She by marriage Duchess Bar, Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Adolf Egmont 2nd Duke Guelders and Catherine Bourbon Duchess Guelders. He the son of Frederick Lorraine Count Vaudémont and Yolande Valois Anjou. They were fourth cousins.
On 10th December 1508 René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar [aged 57] died at Fains, Eure, Haute Normandie. His son Antoine [aged 19] succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
On 26th June 1515 Antoine Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 26] and Renée Bourbon Duchess Lorraine [aged 21] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar and Philippa Egmont Duchess of Bar Duchess Lorraine [aged 48]. They were second cousin once removed.
On 14th June 1544 Antoine Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 55] died. His son Francis [aged 26] succeeded I Duke Lorraine. Christina Oldenburg Duchess Lorraine [aged 22] by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
On 12th June 1545 Francis Lorraine I Duke Lorraine [aged 27] died. His son Charles [aged 2] succeeded III Duke Lorraine.
In 1559 Charles "The Great" Lorraine III Duke Lorraine [aged 15] and Claude Valois Duchess Lorraine [aged 11] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of King Henry II of France [aged 39] and Catherine Medici Queen Consort France [aged 39]. He the son of Francis Lorraine I Duke Lorraine and Christina Oldenburg Duchess Lorraine [aged 37]. They were fourth cousins.
On 14th May 1608 Charles "The Great" Lorraine III Duke Lorraine [aged 65] died. His son Henry [aged 45] succeeded II Duke Lorraine. Margherita Gonzaga Duchess Lorraine [aged 16] by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
On 31st July 1624 Henry Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 61] died without male issue. His brother Francis [aged 52] succeeded II Duke Lorraine.
On 14th October 1632 Francis Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 60] died. His son Charles [aged 28] succeeded II Duke Lorraine. Nicole Lorraine Duchess Lorraine [aged 24] by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
In 1634 Charles Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 29] abdicated Duke Lorraine. Nicolas Lorraine II Duke Lorraine [aged 25] succeeded II Duke Lorraine. Claude Lorraine Duchess Lorraine by marriage Duchess Lorraine.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 18th April 1690 Charles V Duke of Lorraine [aged 47] died. His son Leopold [aged 10] succeeded Duke Lorraine.
On 13th October 1698 Leopold Duke of Lorraine [aged 19] and Élisabeth Charlotte Bourbon Duchess Lorraine [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Philip Bourbon I Duke Orléans [aged 58] and Elizabeth Charlotte Palatinate Simmern Duchess Orléans [aged 46]. They were fifth cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
Frederick Metz II Duke Lorraine and Agnes of Bar Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Theobald of Bar I Count of Bar and Laurette Loon Countess Bar. He the son of Frederick Metz I Duke Lorraine and Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla Greater Poland Duchess Lorraine. They were fifth cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England.
Frederick Metz I Duke Lorraine and Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla Greater Poland Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Matthias Metz I Duke Lorraine and Bertha aka Judith Hohenstaufen Duchess Lorraine.
Matthias Metz I Duke Lorraine and Bertha aka Judith Hohenstaufen Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Frederick "One Eyed" Hohenstaufen I Holy Roman Emperor and Judith Welf Holy Roman Empress. He the son of Simon Metz I Duke Lorraine and Adelaide Reginar Duchess Lorraine. They were half third cousin once removed.
Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine and Hedwige Namur Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. She the daughter of Albert Namur II Count Namur and Regilinda Ardennes Countess Namur.
Gerard Metz I Duke Lorraine succeeded I Duke Lorraine.
Simon Metz II Duke Lorraine and Ida Macon Duchess Lorraine were married. She by marriage Duchess Lorraine. He the son of Matthias Metz I Duke Lorraine and Bertha aka Judith Hohenstaufen Duchess Lorraine.
In 1033 Gothelo Ardennes Duke Lower Lorraine Duke Upper Lorraine was appointed Duke Upper Lorraine.