On this Day in History ... 17th August

Chronicle of England by Jean de Waurin. 17th August 1424. Now then to return to our narrative, the duke of Bedford and his princes seeing their enemies who were there quietly waiting for them all arranged in one body rode a little forward; then when they were near enough in the opinion of the leaders of the expedition, it was ordered on the part of the lord regent, upon pain of death, that every one should dismount, and that all archers should be furnished with sharpened stakes to set before them, according to the English fashion when it should come to the attack and conflict, which command was accomplished as it was ordered; then it was proclaimed on the part of the king of France and England that all the horses should be coupled and fastened together, with the pages and varlets on their backs, and the waggons somewhat toward the flank, notwithstanding that there were scarcely any except those which were loaded with victuals, and some little artillery; and there were appointed to guard the baggage and horses two thousand archers, in order that their army might not be attacked in the rear or thrown into any confusion; then after these regulations were thus made, the English, raising a great shout, began to march and go forward in good order, the archers on the two wings. And on the other side the French, who had been aware since the evening before that they would be fought on the morrow, when the day had come and they knew in truth that the English were drawing near them, whom they perceived from afar by the dust raised by the men and horses; and also were assured thereof by their spies and skirmishers, whom they had on the plains; immediately and without delay put themselves in order for fighting without forming vanguard or rearguard, but placed themselves all together in one large body, except that they appointed a certain number of horsemen, the greater part of whom were Lombards and the others Gascons, whose guides and leaders were Le Borgne Quaquetan, sir Theaulde de Valpergue, and some other Gascon captains, such as La Hire, Pothon, and others, and this for the purpose of dashing into their enemies in the rear, either right through them or otherwise, so as to their greatest advantage they might be able to do them damage; and the rest, all on foot, arranged themselves, as has been said, in a single body; then they began to march very proudly against their enemies, their lances lowered; which attitude being seen by the English, they rushed very vigorously upon them. At the onset there was a great noise and great shouting with tumultuous sounds of the trumpets and clarions; the one side cried, "Saint Denis!" and the others "Saint George!" And so horrible was the shouting that there was no man so brave or confident that he was not in fear of death; they began to strike with axes and to thrust with lances, then they put their hands to their swords, with which they gave each other great blows and deadly strokes; the archers of England and the Scots who were with the French began to shoot one against the other so murderously that it was a horror to look upon them, for they carried death to those whom they struck with full force. After the shooting, the opponents attacked each other very furiously, hand to hand; and this battle was on a Thursday, the seventeenth day of August, commencing about two hours after noon. But you should know that before the attack many new knights were made, both on the one side and on the other, who valiantly approved themselves that day. Many a capture and many a rescue was made there, and many a drop of blood shed, which was a great horror and irreparable pity to see Christian people so destroy one another, for during this pitiable and deadly battle mercy had no place there, so much did the parties hate each other: the blood of the slain stretched upon the ground, and that of the wounded, ran in great streams about the field. This battle lasted about three-quarters of an hour, very terrible and sanguinary, and it was not then in the memory of man to have seen two parties so mighty for such a space of time in like manner fight without being able to perceive to whom the loss or victory would turn. Thus the two parties fought with all their might, each striving to conquer his enemy. The French, who as I have said had been appointed before the battle to remain on horseback to attack the English in the rear, or in flank, in order to break their ranks and to throw them into disorder, came to attack at this part, thinking to enter there without resistance, making a very great uproar, but they found there barriers and opposition, that is to say, the waggons and the horses of their enemies coupled together by the halters and by the tails, and they also found there two thousand stalwart archers, who received them vigorously and put them to flight; and the said French made there no other profit than to snatch up what they were able to take, such as some baggage and horses, killing the pages and varlets who were mounted on them and guarded them. Just at this time the battle was very fell and bloody, so that there was no one who did not try to the utmost his valour and his strength; and I the author know truly that that day the earl of Salisbury sustained the greatest brunt, notwithstanding that he wavered greatly and had very much to do to maintain his position, and certainly if it had not been for the skill and great valour and conduct of his single person in the midst of the valiant men who fought under his banner after his example very vigorously, there is no doubt that the matter, which was in great uncertainty, would have gone very badly for the English, for never in all this war did the French fight more valiantly. Elsewhere, the duke of Bedford, as I hear related, for I could not see or comprehend the whole since I was sufficiently occupied in defending myself, did that day wonderful feats of arms, and killed many a man, for with an axe which he held in his two hands he reached no one whom he did not punish,since he was large in body and stout in limb, wise and brave in arms; but he was very greatly harassed by the Scots, especially by the earl of Douglas and his troop, insomuch that one knew not what to think nor to imagine how the affair would terminate, for the French, who had more men by one-half than the English, fought only to conquer; and they applied themselves vigorously to the work, and I believe truly that if it had not been for the misfortune and ill adventure which was about to happen to them, the English would not have been able to withstand them or to endure so long; but according to what I can understand, and I have also since heard many of this opinion about it, the two thousand English archers, who as was said had repulsed the French cavalry whose chief was Le Borgne Kaquetan a Lombard knight, when they saw their enemies flee, gathered strength, and were a great cause of the victory; for seeing the conflict so decided, they, fresh and new as they were, raising a wonderful shout, came wheeling round and put themselves in the front before their army, where at their coming they began to inflict great chastisement on the French, who were much wearied with fighting, wherefore, much amazed at this new incident, they began a little to lose heart and to fall back; and on the contrary the English seeing that now was the time for it, exerted themselves, all at once recovering strength, and fought so well that in many places they broke through the line of the French with this onslaught, and thrust themselves in, crying aloud, "Saint George!" beginning to kill and cruelly put to death all those whom they were able to overtake, without having any pity; which thing was not done without great effusion of blood. Then the French began to be dismayed, losing altogether the hope of victory which a little while before they thought was in their hands, but each one of them sought a place where he could save himself, taking flight as best he might, and abandoning the rest; some drew towards the town and others took the fields; and the English, who pursued them with great difficulty, put to death especially those who took the road towards the town, for the French, who were within, would not open the gate for the fear they had lest the English, their enemies, should enter in with the fugitives; so there were many of them who threw themselves into the moats to save themselves, where there was a great slaughter of those who were striving to put themselves in safety. Finally, the English pursued the French so, that they obtained the complete victory on that day and gained the battle, but not without great effusion of their own blood. And it was known for certain by the officers of arms, heralds, pursuivants and other persons worthy of credence that there died there of the French party more than six thousand men, and the greater part men distinguished in arms, of whom there were a great number of Scots; and about two hundred [were] prisoners; and of the English party there died about sixteen hundred combatants, as well of the nation of England as of Normandy, the principal captains of whom were named, the one Dudley, and the other Charlton. And on the side of the French there were slain of men of note the following, that is to say, John count of Aumale son to the count of Harcourt; the count of Tonnoirre; the count of Ventadour; the earl of Douglas, a Scot, and sir James, his son; the earl of Buchan, who at that time was constable of France for king Charles; the count of Maroy; the old lord of Graville; the lord of Montenay; sir Anthony de Beausault and Hugh de Beausault, his brother, and the sire de Belloy, with one of his brothers; the lord of Mauny; the lord of Combrest; the lord of Fontenay; the lord of Brimeu; the lord of Thumble; the lord of Pressy in Dosme; the lord of Marche; the lord of Ramibelle in Languedoc; sir Walter Lindsay; sir Giles de Gamaches; Geoffrey de Mallestrem; James Douglas; sir Charles de Booini; sir John de Bretasse; Giles Martel; the younger Harpedaine; sir Brunet d'Auvergne; sir Ralph de la Treille; Guy de Fourchonniere; sir Pothard de Vyane; sir John Murat; the lord of Bertois; sir Charles de Gerasmes; Dragon de La Salle; the lord of Romboulet; the bastard of Langlam, the viscount of Narbonne who, lying dead among the others, by order and command of the duke of Bedford was taken and quartered, and his body hanged on the gibbet, for the treason that he had done in having been consenting to, and one of the actors in putting to death duke John of Burgundy, deceased; there died moreover Mondet de Narbonne; sir Francis de Gaugeaulz; sir Robert de Loirre; sir Louis de Troyes; the lord of Fourigny; Morant de la Motte; sir Carlot d'Amenat and Robinet, his brother; Peter de Courcelles; sir Andrew de la Greseille; sir Andrew de Clermont; Gabriel du Boscage; sir Tristran Coignon; Collinet Le Visconte; William Remon; sir Louis de Champaigne; Peron Du Lupel; sire Louis de Braquemont; the lord of Tygnonville; the lord of Rochebaron; sir Philip de la Tour; sir Antisselin de la Tour, and many others whose names I know not. And now, since I have spoken of the dead on the side of the French, I will mention a part of the prisoners who were taken in this battle, at least the principal ones: first, the duke of Alençon the bastard of Alençon; the lord of La Fayette; the lord of Homet; sir Peter de Herison; sir Louis de Wancourt; the lord of Guitry; Rogelet Treset; Hugh de Saint Marc; Yvon du Puch, and many other noble men.

Chronicle of Enguerrand de Monstrelet [1400-1453]. When the duke of Bedford had gained the town and castle of Ivry, he appointed a knight of Wales, renowned in arms, governor, with a sufficient garrison to defend them. He detached the earl of Suffolk in pursuit of the French, who had advanced to within three leagues for its relief, and went with the rest of his army to Evreux. He there received intelligence that the French had won Yerneuil by stratagem, and were with their whole force within it. He instantly dislodged, and marched for Yerneuil; but the French, having had information thereof, made all haste to prepare for his reception, and drew their men up in battle array without the town, ready for the combat. They only formed one grand division, without any advanced guard, — and ordered the Lombards, with others, to remain on horseback, xuider the command of the borgne Oamwan, du Rousin, Poton, and La Hire, to break the ranks of the enemy on their flanks and rear. The grand battalion of the French was on foot, — which being observed by the duke of Bedford, he ordered his army to be formed in the same manner, without any vanguard, and not having any party on horseback. The archers were posted in front, each having a sharp-pointed stake stuck in the ground before him; and the stoutest of these men were placed at the two ends of the battalion, by way of wings. Behind the men-at-arms were the pages, the horses, and such as were unfit for the combat. The archers tied the horses together by their collar pieces and tails, that the enemy might not surprise and carry them off. The duke of Bedford ordered two thousand archers to guard them and the baggage.

17th August 1424. Very many new knights were now created on both sides; and when all was ready, these two powerful armies met in battle, about three o'clock in the afternoon, on the 16th [17th] day of August. The English, as usual, set up a grand shout as they advanced, which alarmed the French much; and the conflict raged with the utmost violence for three quarters of an hour; and it was not in the memory of man that such armies had been so long and warmly engaged without victory declaring for either of them. That division of the French which had been ordered to remain mounted to attack the rear of the English, while the combat was going on, came to the horses and baggage of the enemy, but could make no impression from the resistance of the guard of archers: they however seized some of the cavalry and baggage, with which they fled, leaving their army fighting on foot. The archers, then, finding themselves thus disembarrassed from the enemy, vrere fresh to join their companions in the front, which they did with loud shouts.

The French now began to fail; and the English, with great bravery, broke through their ranks in many places, and, taking advantage of their success, obtained the victory, but not without much effusion of blood on both sides; for it was afterward known by the kings-at arms, heralds, poursuivants, and from other persons worthy of belief, that there were slain of the French, and left on the field of battle, from four to five thousand, great part of whom were Scotsmen, and two hundred made prisoners.

On the part of the English sixteen hundred were killed, as well from England as from Normandy, — the 'principal persons of whom were two captains of the name of Dudley and Charleton. The following is a list of those of name who fell on the side of the French: — Jean count d'Aumale, the son of the count de Harcourt, the count de Tonnerre, the count de Ventadour, the earl of Douglas¹, sir James Douglas his son, the earl of Buchan, at that time constable to king Charles, the earl of Murray, the lord de Graville the elder, the lord de Montenay, sir Anthony Beausault, Hugh de Beausault his brother, the lord de Belloy² and his brother, the lord de Mauny, the lord de Combrest, the lord de Fontenay, the lord de Bruneil, the lord de Tumblet, the lord de Poissy. From Dauphiny, the lord de Mathe, the lord de Rambelle. From Languedoc and Scotland, sir Walter Lindsay, sir Gilles de Gamaches³, Godfrey de Malestroit, James Douglas, sir Charles de Boin, sir John de Vretassc, sir Gilles MarteL the son of Harpedame, sir Brunet d'Auvergne, sir Raoul de la Treille, Guy de Fourchonivere, sir Pochart de Vienne, sir John de Murat, the lord de Vertois, sir Charles de Gerammes, Dragon de la Salle, the lord de Rambouillet, the bastard de Langlan, the viscount de Narbonne, whose body, when found on the field, was quartered, and hung on a gibbet, because he had been an accomplice in the murder of the late duke of Burgundy; the lord de Guictry⁴, sir Francis de Gangeaux, sir Robert de Laire, sir Louis de Teyr, the lord de Foregny, Moraut de la Mothe, sir Charles d'Anibal and his brother Robinet d'Anibal, Pierre de Courreillcs, sir Aymery de Gresille, Andrew de Clermont, sir Tristan Coignon, Colinet de Vicomte, Guillaume Rem on, sir Louis de Champagne, Peron de Lippes, sir Louis de Bracquemont, the lord de Thionville, the lord de Rochebaron, sir Philip de la Tour, and Anselin de la Tour.

The principal prisoners were, the duke d'Alen9on, the bastard d'Alençon, the lord de la Fayette, the lord de Hormit, sir Pierre Herrison, sir Louis de Vaiicoiirt, Roger Brousset, Hucliet de St. Mare, and Yvon du Puys; but there were numbers of others whose names I cannot remember. When the duke of Bedford had gained this important victory at Yerneuil, he assembled his princes and captains around him, and with great humility, with uplifted hands and eyes, he returned thanks to the Creator for the great success he had given him. The dead were then stripped, and whatever was valuable taken away.

Note 1. Archibald, earl of Douglas, father-in-law to the earl of Buchan. Made duke of Touraine, and lieutenant-general of France, in order to give him precedence over his son-in-law the constable.

Note 2. Peter, lord of Bellay, &c., third son of Hugh VII who was killed at Azincourt.

Note 3. John de Renault, lord of Boismenard, father of Joachim de Ronault, marshal Gamaches, and son of Giles, lord of Boismenard, was killed at this battle.

Note 4. Charles de Chaumont en Vexin, son to William lord de Guictry, before mentionedde

Chronicle of Edward Hall [1496-1548]. 17th August 1424. This army royal approched within, ii. miles of Yury and sent. xl. light horsmen to view and espy both the nomber and conduit of the Englishmen. These spyes came very nere to the siege and wer espied and chased to their companions againe, and declared all what they had seen and perceiued. The duke of Alanson seyng that he could not gette any auantage of the Englishemen (although the Dolphyn had geven hym in straight commaundement to fight with the-regent) whether his heart fayled or he thought to wayte a more fortunate season for his purpose and enterprise, retired backe with his whole army to the toune of Vernoyle in Perche whiche belonged to the kyng of England, & sent word to the garison of that toune that they had discomfited & slaine al the Englishe army and that the regent with a small nomber by swyftnes of his horse had saued him selfe. The inhabitantes of Vernoyle geuyng to light credit to the Frenche fablers, received the duke of Alanson with al his army into the toune & submitted themselues to him. Whiche toune he desyred to have of the gift of the dolphin as his owne inheritance & lawful patrimony. Now approched the day of rescous of Yury, which was the day of our Lady the Assumpcion, at which day no rescous appeared to sir Gerrard de la Pallier captain of the castle, whiche beyng in dispayre of all ayde and comforte, presented the keys to the duke of Bedford [aged 35] & shewed him a letter signed & sealed with the handes of xviii. great lordes which the day before promised to geue the duke battaile and to dissolue the siege and raise the assault: Well sayd the duke, if their heartes would have serued, their puissaunce was sufficient ones to have profered or to have performed this faithful promise. But syth they disdaine to seke me, God and saint George willyng I shal not desist to folowe the tractes of their horses tyl one part of vs be by battail overthrowen: and so he gaue a safe conduyte to the capitaine and other which wold depart, but many of the Britons within the castle of Yury seyng the faint heartes and the false promises of the flatteryng Frenchmen submitted them selues to the lorde regent and sware to be true to the kyng and him, whom he gentely accepted and put them in wages. Then he furnished the castle and toune with a newe garrison, and incotinent he sent the earle of Suffolke with. vi. C. [600] horses to espy wher the Frenchemen were lodged, whiche passed by Dampeuile, and came to Bretnel wher he beared newes that the Frenchmen had taken Vernoile in Perche & were there yet abidyng, wherof with all diligent celerite he sent worde to the duke of Bedford, which not mindyng to lese his long desired pray set forward in great hast toward his enemies. The Frenchmen hearyng of his comyng set their people in array and made all one maine battaile without forwarder rereward, & appointed certaine Lubardes and horsmen to breake the array of the Englishemen either behynd or at the sides, wherof was capitaine sir Stephyn Venoylcs called the hire. The duke of Bedford not ignorant howe to ordre his men, made likewise oneentier battaile & suffered no man to be on horsebacke, and set the archers (every one hauyng a sharpe stake) bothe in the front of the battaile and on the sydes like wynges, and behvnd the battaile were the pages with the chariottes and cariages, and all the horses were tyed together either with the reines of their bridles or by the tayles, to thentent that their enemies should not sodainely surprise or disturbe them on the backe behynd: and for to defend the carriages wer appointed two thousand archers. The Frenchmen at the fyrst sight remembryng how often times in piched feldes they had bene overcome and vanquished of the Englishe nacion, began somewhat to feare, but when they sawe no remedy but to fight, they toke good courage to the and set softely forwarde. In whiche marchyng the Duke of Alaunson, sittyng on horsebacke saied to his capitaines.

Liber Pluscardensis Chapter 129. 17th August 1424. With the French war thus arranged, the English also organized themselves into three similar battle lines: in the first was the Earl of Salisbury, in the second Duke John of Bedford [aged 35], and in the third were the French, Burgundians, and foreigners. The Scots first attacked the vanguard of the English, where the Earl of Salisbury was, inflicted great slaughter on them, and astonishingly repelled them by capturing some, killing others, and dispersing others, forcing them to flee up to the second line or battle formation. Seeing this, the Lombards, Alemanni, and Gascons, who were armed both on horseback and in body, all being cavalrymen and unwilling to dismount, thinking that the victory was leaning towards the French, began to charge over the baggage behind the rearguard; because they were arranged like a flying wing, to come to the aid of others in times of need. And indeed, in the first assault, they charged the English archers and breaking their formation, with others coming upon them, made a way to enter; and proceeding to plunder afterwards, because of their fear, others turned to flight and regrouped at the battle of Duke Bedford. Thus, the English lords, reinvigorated by their arrival, calling for a new battle, gathered together into one mass and charged into the battle lines of the French and Scots, returning to those among them, as has been said before, who were wickedly divided and in their battle exposed.

Gallicorum bello sic ordinato, Anglici in tribus similiter aciebus bellicis se ordinaverunt: in quarum prima erat comes de Salisbery, in secunda dux Johannes Bedfordise, in tercia Gallici, Burgundienses et extranei. Scoti autem primo in wangardiam Anglorum, ubi erat comes de Salisbery, irruerunt, maximam stragem in eos fecerunt, ac de eisdem quosdam prsecip[it]ando, quosdam occidendo, quosdam fugando, mirabiliter repulserunt, et ad fugam compulserunt usque ad secundum bellum sive aciem belli. Quod videntes Longobardi et Allemanii et Gasconici, qui erant armati tam in equis quam in corporibus, qui omnes equestres erant, nolentes in pedibus discendere, putantes victoriam Gallicis cedere, super baggacium cœperunt infundere post reregardiam; quia ipsi tanquam ala volans, ad succurrendum in tempore necessitatis aliis, ordinati erant. Et de facto in primo impetu super Anglorum architenentes irruerunt, et eorum ordinem dirumpentes, aliis supervenientibus, locum intrandi fecerunt; et ad spolia postea procedentes, ob eorem timorem alii in fugam conversi ad bellum ducis Bedfordise se recolligentes ju[n]xerunt. Et sic domini Anglorum eorum adventu reanimati, ad novum bellum proclamantes, in unam massam congregati sunt, et in aciem belli Francorum et Scotorum irruerunt, revertentes qui inter eos, ut præmissum est, nequiter divisi erant et in eorum bellum fenestrati.

Polydore Vergil [1470-1555]. 17th August 1424. 5. At this time Charles [aged 21] was staying at Tours, and aware of this business from the start, did not appear to be much concerned. Rather, relying partly on the nature of the place, and partly on the strength of his followers, he only gathered sufficient forces to fight the enemy on equal terms. Therefore, when he had assembled a larger army, he sent Duke John of Alençon [aged 15] to assist his subjects, and he ordered him not to shrink from a battle, should the situation require it. The Duke departed quickly, and before approaching the place he learned of the castle's surrender, and then, obliged by necessity to change his route, he went to Verneuil and stormed it, killing a goodly part of the English garrison. And he was soon given this town, defended by great works, because he had long insisted it should be part of his domain. When this was reported to Bedford [aged 35], with no hesitation he marched to Verneuil in battle array, and in the same way approached the enemy camp. For a very little while the French were terrified by their enemies' approach, and debated what should be done. Almost all were of the opinion that they should wait in the camp until the enemy's intention was clearer. For they were mindful of all the times they had previously been defeated whenever they engaged the English, and so were not unwilling to delay coming to blows. But when they saw the enemy battle-line drawing closer and closer, their spirits surged and, howling and chanting as was their habit, they took up arms and stationed themselves before the camp. The battle was begun with missiles, but they immediately abandoned these and came together, drawing their swords and running at each other with a great shout. They fought strenuously and continually, and on such even terms that one could not easily tell which way the battle was inclining, with many men falling on both sides. Their outcries were similar, as also the manner of their fighting. Wherever danger threatened the most. there they more earnestly strove to resist and repel, and so the fight dragged on for more than four hours, and the outcome was still uncertain. Meanwhile the Duke of Alençon did not desist in both beseeching and exhorting his soldiers not to flag, nor to allow the enemy, now falling back, to conquer. And Bedford himself also went around everywhere, exhorted, renewed the fight at every point. And when in the end he appreciated that the French were exhausted by their effort and heat (for it is the nature of the French, that they cannot tolerate the effort of a long battle, because for the sake of inspiring fear they expend more of their strength at the beginning of a fight, but cannot maintain it thereafter) and were pressing less than usual, then at length he attacked the enemy with might and main, and those who followed him assaulted with such an onslaught that they first budged the enemy from his place, and then drove them headlong. In that battle 5,000 Frenchmen died, together with Buchan [aged 43] the Marshal of France and the Scotsman John Stuart [aged 44], whom I have shown above to have come in aid of Charles, and more than ten French captains About 200 were captured, including Duke John of Alençon. On the English side 2,000 died, partly foot and partly horse. This defeat was suffered by the French in the year of human salvation 1424, the third year of Henry's reign.

A Brief Latin Chronicle. 17th August 1424. However, in the year —— of this king, there was a battle at Verneuil in Perche between John, Duke of Bedford [aged 35], regent of France, and the French and Scots. With the said duke were the Earl of Salisbury [aged 36], the Earl of Suffolk [aged 27], Lord Willoughby, Lord Scales, Lord Poynings, and William Oldhall with the retinue of the Duke of Exeter, then infirm. In this battle on the French side, the Duke of Alençon was captured; the bastard of Alençon, the Count of Nevers, and the Count of Marle were indeed killed. On the Scottish side, Archibald, Earl of Douglas [aged 52], the Earl of Buchan [aged 43], the Earl of Mar, the Earl of Moray, James Douglas, son of the said earl, Sir Alexander Lindsay; William Douglas of Drumlanrig, Matthew Pork, Hugh Orth, knights, and many others, both French and Scots, were killed in that battle and in the flight, to the number of 7,000 and more. Later, in the ditches of the said town, it is said, 4,000 were found drowned. And for all these things, always give thanks to God.

Anno autem —— hujus regis fuit prelium apud Vernoll in Perche inter Johannem ducem Bedfordie regentem Francie et Francos ac Scottos. Ubi cum dicto duce fuerunt Comes Sarum, Comes Southfok, deminus Wylughby, dominus Scales, dominus Ponynges, Willelmus Oldale cum retinencia ducis Exonie tunc infirmi. Et in dicto bello ex parte Francorum captus est dux de Launson[..]; occisi vero sunt ibidem bastardus de Launson, Comes de Navern et Comes de Marrebon[..]. Ex parte autem Scottorum perempti sunt Archibaldus Comes de Douglasse, Comes de Boghan, Comes de Marre, Comes de Murrey, Jacobus Douglas filius dicti comitis, Alexander Lyndesey miles; Willelmus Douglas de Danlanryk, Matheus Pork, Hugo Orth, milites, et alii quam plures, tam de Francis quam de Scottis in ipso bello et fuga ad numerum vij ml et ultra. Postea vero in foveis dicte ville inventa sunt, ut dicitur, iiij ml submersa. Et super his omnibus semper Deo gratias.