07 Oct is in October.
On 7th October 919 Charles "Simple" III King West Francia [aged 40] and Eadgifu Wessex Queen Consort West Francia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort West Francia. She the daughter of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons [aged 45] and Aelfflaed Wiltshire Queen Anglo Saxons [aged 49]. He the son of Louis "Stammerer" II King Aquitaine III King West Francia and Adelaide Paris Queen Consort Aquitaine and West Francia.
On 7th October 929 Charles "Simple" III King West Francia [aged 50] died.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 1022. This year went King Knute [aged 27] out with his ships to the Isle of Wight [Map]. And Bishop Ethelnoth went to Rome; where he was received with much honour by Benedict the magnificent pope, who with his own hand placed the pall upon him, and with great pomp consecrated him archbishop, and blessed him, on the nones of October. The archbishop on the self-same day with the same pall performed mass, as the pope directed him, after which he was magnificently entertained by the pope himself; and afterwards with a full blessing proceeded homewards. Abbot Leofwine, who had been unjustly expelled from Ely, was his companion; and he cleared himself of everything, which, as the pope informed him, had been laid to his charge, on the testimony of the archbishop and of all the company that were with him.
History of the Dukes of Normandy by William of Jumieges. In the year of the Lord's Incarnation 1050, the fourth indiction, while Pope Leo sat in the apostolic see, and the most Christian Emperor Henry II, son of Conrad the Saxon duke, ruled, the monastery of Saint-Evroul at Ouche was restored by the noblemen so often mentioned, William Giroie and his nephews Robert and Hugh of Grandmesnil. There the venerable Theodoric, a monk of great religious devotion, was solemnly consecrated on the Nones of October [7th October 1050], a Sunday, before the altar of Saint Peter, by Lord Hugh, bishop of Lisieux. In the following year, the noble Robert, the founder of the monastery, became a monk there, and afterward endured many labours in the administration of the servants of God. Not long after, William Giroie was sent to Apulia for certain reasonable matters, and as he was beginning to return, he died at Gaeta on the Nones of February [5th February 1057]. William of Monasteriolo, his son, was in Apulia a knight of great distinction, subduing Greeks and Lombards by arms, and placing them under the authority of the vicar of Saint Peter the Apostle.
Anno igitur Dominicæ Incarnationis millesimo quinquagesimo, indictione iv, Leone papa in sede apostolica residente, nec non Henrico II Christianissimo Augusto, Cononis Saxonum ducis filio imperante, monasterium Sancti Ebrulfi a sæpe dictis optimatibus, Willelmo Geroiano et nepotibus suis Roberto et Hugone de Grentemaisnilio, apud Uticum restauratum est. Ibi venerabilis Theodoricus magnæ religionis monachus Non. Octobris, die Dominico, a domino Hugone Luxovii pontifice ante altare Sancti Petri solemniter consecratus est. Sequenti quoque anno nobilis Robertus coenobii fundator ibidem monachus factus est, multosque labores postea in procuratione servorum Dei perpessus est. Non multo post Geroianus Willelmus pro quibusdam rationabilibus causis in Apuliam missus est, ibique dum redire cœperat, apud Cajetam Nonis Februarii defunctus est. Willelmus de Monasteriolo filius ejus in Apulia magnæ sublimitatis eques erat, Græcos et Langobardos armis premebat et vicario sancti Petri apostoli subdebat.
On 7th October 1072 Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile [aged 35] died. His brother Alfonso [aged 31] succeeded VI King Castile. Agnes Poitiers Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Castile [aged 14] by marriage Queen Consort Castile.
Chronicum Anglicanum by Ralph Coggeshall. In the year of the Lord 1218, the church of St Mary at Worcester was dedicated, and the body of St Wulfstan was translated on the same day, namely the seventh of the Ides of June [7th June 1218], on a Thursday in the week of Pentecost, with Sylvester, bishop of that church, presiding, together with the prior and monks of the same house. And shortly afterwards at Ramsey the said bishop [Sylvester] died, and William of Blois, archdeacon of Buckingham, succeeded him, and was consecrated at Westminster on the Sunday after the feast of St Faith the Virgin [7th October 1218].
Anno ab incarnatione Domini MCCXVIII, ecclesia Sanctæ-Mariæ Vigorniæ dedicata est, et corpus Sancti Wlstani translatum est uno eodem die, videlicet, vii. idus Junii, die Jovis in septimana Pentecostes, præsidente eidem ecclesiæ Silvestro episcopo, ejusdem ecclesiæ priore et monacho. Et paulo post apud Rameseyam obiit memoratus episcopus, cui successit Willelmus de Bleis, archidiaconus de Buckingeham, et consecratus est apud Westmonasterium Dominica in crastino Sanctæ Fidis, virginis.
Chronicle of Henry Knighton. In the same year, Lord Robert de Holland was captured [7th October 1328] in a wood near London. This Robert [aged 45] had been raised from a poor knight to a high and wealthy baron by Thomas, Earl of Lancaster. But at the time when discord arose between his lord, the Earl Thomas, and the king, Robert de Holland, in his lord's greatest moment of need, when Thomas was most relying on his arrival with the promised support of the people, abandoned his lord in his unavoidable distress and surrendered himself to the king, thereby betraying him. Because of this act of disloyalty, all the nobles and magnates of the realm hated him; and with the greatest dishonour, his head was cut off [15th October 1328]. It was sent to Henry, Earl of Lancaster, at Waltham Holy Cross, by a certain knight named Thomas Wyther, along with other secret followers of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster.
Eoden anno captus est dominus Robertus de Holande in uno bosco citra Londonias. Iste Robertus erectus est de paupere milite in sublimem et divitem baronem per comitem Lancastriæ Thomam. Eo tempore quo discordia increvit inter dominum suum comitem Thomam et regem, ipse Robertus Holande in summa necessitate domini sui quando dominus suus maxime confidebat de ejus adventu cum sauxilio populi promisso, relicto domino suo in sua angustia inevitabili reddidit se regi, decipiens dominum suum, quam ob infidelitatem omnes proceres et magnates regni odio eum habebant; et cum maximo vituperio caput ejus abscissum est, ad comitem Lancastriæ Henricum apud Waltham sanctæ crucis transmissum est per quendam militem Thomam Wyther nomine, et alios secretos Thomæ comitis Lancastriæ.
On 7th October 1328 Robert Holland 1st Baron Holand [aged 45] was captured at Boreham, Essex [Map]. He was beheaded on the 15th October 1328. His son Robert [aged 17] succeeded 2nd Baron Holand.
On 7th October 1368 Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 29] died from poisoning at Alba [Map]. Duke Clarence extinct. His daughter Philippa [aged 13] succeeded 2nd Countess of Ulster. He was buried at the St Pietro Ciel d'Oro Church, Pavia [Map].
There was strong speculation he had been poisoned by his wife's [aged 14] father [aged 48].
On 7th October 1409 Elizabeth Luxemburg Duchess Austria was born to Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund [aged 41] and Barbara of Cilli Holy Roman Empress [aged 17]. She married her fourth cousin Albert Habsburg V Duke Austria, son of Albert Habsburg IV Duke Austria and Joanna Sophia Wittelsbach Duchess Austria, and had issue.
On 7th October 1471 Richard Willoughby died. He was buried in St Leonard's Church, Wollaton [Map].
Monument to Richard Willoughby and Anna Leeke. Excellent brass with Cadaver Underneath. The arms being, left to right, 
Bugge Arms, Bugge Arms impaled with Leeke, Bugge Arms impaled with Foljambe Arms, Bugge Arms impaled with Annesley Arms.
Richard Willoughby: he was born to Hugh Willoughby and Isabel Foljambe. In or before 1468 Richard Willoughby and Anna Leeke were married.
Anna Leeke: Around 1425 she was born to Simon Leeke in Cotham Ollerton, Nottinghamshire. Around 1468 Anna Leeke died in Wollaton, Nottinghamshire. She was buried at St Leonard's Church, Wollaton [Map].
On 7th October 1471 King Frederick I of Denmark was born to Christian I King of Denmark [aged 45] and Dorothea of Brandenburg [aged 40]. He married (1) 10th April 1502 his half second cousin Anna of Brandenburg and had issue (2) 9th October 1518 Sophie of Pomerania Queen Consort of Denmark and Sweden and had issue.
On 7th October 1515 Duarte Aviz was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal [aged 46] and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal [aged 33]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.
Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic Henry VIII 1528. 7th October 1528. R.O. St.P. IV.515. 4828. Magnus To Wolsey.
My lord of Richmond [aged 9] is in good health and merry. Since the beginning of this sweat he has lain in a private place with few attendants, but has now come hither. He lately paid a visit for one night to my lord of Northumberland, who pressed him to come and see his house at Topcliff, and conducted himself more like a man than a child of his tender age. Cannot be at London this term, as lady Salisbury expects; but my Lord's receiver and auditor in the South are instructed to search for evidences touching Canford. The lord Dacre [aged 35] called here on his way South to see the King. There is great business between him and the earl of Cumberland [aged 35] about the rule of the town and castle of Carlisle, which Magnus thinks should be annexed to the wardenry.
Sir Will. Parre, who is or will be with Wolsey this term, will show him what he has done in reducing my lord of Richmond's household to better order and less charges. Sheriffhutton, 7 Oct.
Hol. Add. Endd.
On 7th October 1548 Augustus Wettin Elector of Saxony [aged 22] and Anna Oldenburg [aged 15] were married at Torgau. She the daughter of Christian III King of Denmark [aged 45] and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 37]. They were third cousin once removed.
On 7th October 1561 Maria Wettin was born to Johann Wilhelm Wettin Duke Saxe Weimar [aged 31] and Dorothea Susanne Palatine Duchess Saxe Weimar at Weimar.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 7th October 1573 Archbishop William Laud was born to William Laud and Lucy Webbe at Reading, Berkshire [Map].
On 7th October 1577 Anna Oldenburg was born to John "Younger" Oldenburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg [aged 32] and Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen [aged 27].
On 7th October 1578 Eleonore Magdalene Wittelsbach was born to William Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria [aged 30] and Renata Lorraine Duchess Bavaria [aged 34]. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.86%. She died aged less than one years old.
On 7th October 1637 Victor Amadeus I Duke of Savoy [aged 50] died.
John Evelyn's Diary. 7th October 1649. To the Louvre, to visit the Countess of Moreton [aged 40], governess to Madame [aged 5].
John Evelyn's Diary. 7th October 1660. There dined with me a French count, with Sir George Tuke, who came to take leave of me, being sent over to the Queen-Mother [aged 50], to break the marriage of the Duke [aged 26] with the daughter [aged 23] of Chancellor Hyde [aged 51]. The Queen would fain have undone it; but it seems matters were reconciled, on great offers of the Chancellor's to befriend the Queen, who was much in debt, and was now to have the settlement of her affairs go through his hands.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1660. Lord's Day. To White Hall on foot, calling at my father's [aged 59] to change my long black cloak for a short one (long cloaks being now quite out); but he being gone to church, I could not get one, and therefore I proceeded on and came to my Lord before he went to chapel and so went with him, where I heard Dr. Spurstow preach before the King a poor dry sermon; but a very good anthem of Captn. Cooke's afterwards. Going out of chapel I met with Jack Cole, my old friend (whom I had not seen a great while before), and have promised to renew acquaintance in London together. To my Lord's and dined with him; he all dinner time talking French to me, and telling me the story how the Duke of York hath got my Lord Chancellor's [aged 51] daughter [aged 23]1 with child, and that she, do lay it to him, and that for certain he did promise her marriage, and had signed it with his blood, but that he by stealth had got the paper out of her cabinet. And that the King would have him to marry her, but that he will not. So that the thing is very bad for the Duke, and them all; but my Lord do make light of it, as a thing that he believes is not a new thing for the Duke to do abroad. Discoursing concerning what if the Duke should marry her, my Lord told me that among his father's many old sayings that he had wrote in a book of his, this is one-that he that do get a wench with child and marry her afterwards is as if a man should--in his hat and then clap it on his head. I perceive my Lord is grown a man very indifferent in all matters of religion, and so makes nothing of these things. After dinner to the Abbey, where I heard them read the church-service, but very ridiculously, that indeed I do not in myself like it at all. A poor cold sermon of Dr. Lamb's, one of the prebends, in his habit, came afterwards, and so all ended, and by my troth a pitiful sorry devotion that these men pay. So walked home by land, and before supper I read part of the Marian persecution in Mr. Fuller [aged 52]. So to supper, prayers, and to bed.
Note 1. Anne Hyde, born March 12th, 1637, daughter of Edward, first Earl of Clarendon. She was attached to the court of the Princess of Orange, daughter of Charles I., 1654, and contracted to James, Duke of York, at Breda, November 24th, 1659. The marriage was avowed in London September 3rd, 1660. She joined the Church of Rome in 1669, and died March 31st, 1671.
Note 2. The Duke of York married Anne Hyde, and he avowed the marriage September 3rd, so that Pepys was rather behindhand in his information.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1663. They wrought in the morning, and I did keep my bed, and my pain continued on me mightily that I kept within all day in great pain, and could break no wind nor have any stool after my physic had done working. So in the evening I took coach and to Mr. Holliard's [aged 54], but he was not at home, and so home again, and whether the coach did me good or no I know not....
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1665. Thence back the back way to my office, where very late, very busy. But most of all when at night come two waggons from Rochester, Kent [Map] with more goods from Captain Cocke [aged 48]; and in houseing them at Mr. Tooker's lodgings come two of the Custome-house to seize them, and did seize them but I showed them my 'Transire'. However, after some hot and angry words, we locked them up, and sealed up the key, and did give it to the constable to keep till Monday, and so parted. But, Lord! to think how the poor constable come to me in the dark going home; "Sir", says he, "I have the key, and if you would have me do any service for you, send for me betimes to-morrow morning, and I will do what you would have me". Whether the fellow do this out of kindness or knavery, I cannot tell; but it is pretty to observe. Talking with him in the high way, come close by the bearers with a dead corpse of the plague; but, Lord! to see what custom is, that I am come almost to think nothing of it.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1665. Up and to the office along with Mr. Childe, whom I sent for to discourse about the victualling business, who will not come into partnership (no more will Captain Beckford), but I do find him a mighty understanding man, and one I will keep a knowledge of. Did business, though not much, at the office; because of the horrible crowd and lamentable moan of the poor seamen that lie starving in the streets for lack of money. Which do trouble and perplex me to the heart; and more at noon when we were to go through them, for then a whole hundred of them followed us; some cursing, some swearing, and some praying to us. And that that made me more troubled was a letter come this afternoon from the Duke of Albemarle [aged 56], signifying the Dutch to be in sight, with 80 sayle, yesterday morning, off of Solebay, Southwold [Map], coming right into the bay. God knows what they will and may do to us, we having no force abroad able to oppose them, but to be sacrificed to them.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1666. Thence, having been informed that, after all this pains, the King [aged 36] hath found out how to supply us with 5 or £6000, when £100,000 were at this time but absolutely necessary, and we mentioned £50,000. This is every day a greater and greater omen of ruine. God fit us for it! Sir J. Minnes [aged 67] and I home (it raining) by coach, calling only on Sir G. Carteret [aged 56] at his lodging (who is I find troubled at my Lord Treasurer [aged 59] and Sir Ph. Warwicke [aged 56] bungling in his accounts), and come home to supper with my father, and then all to bed. I made my brother in his cassocke to say grace this day, but I like his voice so ill that I begin to be sorry he hath taken this order upon him.
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1666. Lord's Day. Up, and after visiting my father in his chamber, to church, and then home to dinner. Little Michell and his wife come to dine with us, which they did, and then presently after dinner I with Sir J. Minnes [aged 67] to White Hall, where met by Sir W. Batten [aged 65] and Lord Bruncker [aged 46], to attend the King [aged 36] and Duke of York [aged 32] at the Cabinet; but nobody had determined what to speak of, but only in general to ask for money. So I was forced immediately to prepare in my mind a method of discoursing. And anon we were called in to the Green Room, where the King, Duke of York, Prince Rupert [aged 46], Chancellor [aged 57], Lord Treasurer [aged 59], Duke of Albemarle [aged 57], [Sirs] G. Carteret [aged 56], W. Coventry [aged 38], Morrice [aged 63]. Nobody beginning, I did, and made a current, and I thought a good speech, laying open the ill state of the Navy: by the greatness of the debt; greatness of work to do against next yeare; the time and materials it would take; and our incapacity, through a total want of money. I had no sooner done, but Prince Rupert rose up and told the King in a heat, that whatever the gentleman had said, he had brought home his fleete in as good a condition as ever any fleete was brought home; that twenty boats would be as many as the fleete would want: and all the anchors and cables left in the storm might be taken up again. This arose from my saying, among other things we had to do, that the fleete was come in-the greatest fleete that ever his Majesty had yet together, and that in as bad condition as the enemy or weather could put it; and to use Sir W. Pen's [aged 45] words, who is upon the place taking a survey, he dreads the reports he is to receive from the Surveyors of its defects. I therefore did only answer, that I was sorry for his Highness's offence, but that what I said was but the report we received from those entrusted in the fleete to inform us. He muttered and repeated what he had said; and so, after a long silence on all hands, nobody, not so much as the Duke of Albemarle, seconding the Prince, nor taking notice of what he said, we withdrew. I was not a little troubled at this passage, and the more when speaking with Jacke Fenn about it, he told me that the Prince will be asking now who this Pepys is, and find him to be a creature of my Lord Sandwich's [aged 41], and therefore this was done only to disparage him.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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On 7th October 1667 Edgar Stewart 1st Duke Cambridge was created 1st Duke Cambridge by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland [aged 37].
Samuel Pepys' Diary. 7th October 1667. So we to Enfield [Map], and there bayted, it being but a foul, bad day, and there Lowther and Mr. Burford, an acquaintance of his, did overtake us, and there drank and eat together; and, by and by, we parted, we going before them, and very merry, my wife and girle and I talking, and telling tales, and singing, and before night come to Bishop Stafford [Map], where Lowther and his friend did meet us again, and carried us to the Raynedeere [Map], where Mrs. Aynsworth1, who lived heretofore at Cambridge, and whom I knew better than they think for, do live. It was the woman that, among other things, was great with my cozen Barnston, of Cottenham, and did use to sing to him, and did teach me "Full forty times over", a very lewd song: a woman they are very well acquainted with, and is here what she was at Cambridge, and all the good fellows of the country come hither. Lowther and his friend stayed and drank, and then went further this night; but here we stayed, and supped, and lodged. But, as soon as they were gone, and my supper getting ready, I fell to write my letter to my Lord Sandwich [aged 42], which I could not finish before my coming from London; so did finish it to my good content, and a good letter, telling him the present state of all matters, and did get a man to promise to carry it to-morrow morning, to be there, at my house, by noon, and I paid him well for it; so, that being done, and my mind at ease, we to supper, and so to bed, my wife and I in one bed, and the girl in another, in the same room, and lay very well, but there was so much tearing company in the house, that we could not see my landlady; so I had no opportunity of renewing my old acquaintance with her, but here we slept very well.
Note 1. Elizabeth Aynsworth, here mentioned, was a noted procurerss at Cambridge, banished from that town by the university authorities for her evil courses. She subsequently kept the Rein Deer Inn [Map] at Bishops Stortford, at which the Vice-Chancellor, and some of the heads of colleges, had occasion to sleep, in their way to London, and were nobly entertained, their supper being served off plate. The next morning their hostess refused to make any charge, saying, that she was still indebted to the Vice-Chancellor, who, by driving her out of Cambridge, had made her fortune. No tradition of this woman has been preserved at Bishops Stortford; but it appears, from the register of that parish, that she was buried there 26th of March, 1686. It is recorded in the "History of Essex", vol. iii., (p. 130) 8vo., 1770, and in a pamphlet in the British Museum, entitled, "Boteler's Case", that she was implicated in the murder of Captain Wood, a Hertfordshire gentleman, at Manuden, in Essex, and for which offence a person named Boteler was executed at Chelmsford, September 10th, 1667, and that Mrs. Aynsworth, tried at the same time as an accessory before the fact, was acquitted for want of evidence; though in her way to the jail she endeavoured to throw herself into the river, but was prevented. See Postea, May 25th, 1668. B.
John Evelyn's Diary. 7th October 1688. The late imprisoned Bishops were now called to reconcile matters, and the Jesuits hard at work to foment confusion among the Protestants by their usual tricks. A letter was sent to the Archbishop of Canterbury [aged 71], informing him, from good hands, of what was contriving by them. A paper of what the Bishops advised his Majesty was published. The Bishops were enjoined to prepare a form of prayer against the feared invasion. A pardon published. Soldiers and mariners daily pressed.
John Evelyn's Diary. 7th October 1688. Hourly expectation of the Prince of Orange's [aged 37] invasion heightened to that degree, that his Majesty [aged 54] thought fit to abrogate the Commission for the dispensing Power (but retaining his own right still to dispense with all laws) and restore the ejected Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford. In the meantime, he called over 5,000 Irish, and 4,000 Scots, and continued to remove Protestants and put in Papists at Portsmouth and other places of trust, and retained the Jesuits about him, increasing the universal discontent. It brought people to so desperate a pass, that they seemed passionately to long for and desire the landing of that Prince, whom they looked on to be their deliverer from Popish tyranny, praying incessantly for an east wind, which was said to be the only hindrance of his expedition with a numerous army ready to make a descent. To such a strange temper, and unheard of in former times, was this poor nation reduced, and of which I was an eyewitness. The apprehension was (and with reason) that his Majesty's forces would neither at land nor sea oppose them with that vigor requisite to repel invaders.
John Evelyn's Diary. 7th October 1688. Dr. Tenison [aged 52] preached at St. Martin's [Map] on 2 Tim. iii. 16, showing the Scriptures to be our only rule of faith, and its perfection above all traditions. After which, near 1,000 devout persons partook of the Communion. The sermon was chiefly occasioned by a Jesuit, who in the Masshouse on the Sunday before had disparaged the Scripture and railed at our translation, which some present contradicting, they pulled him out of the pulpit, and treated him very coarsely, insomuch that it was like to create a great disturbance in the city.
On 7th October 1710 Hester Salusbury [aged 73] died. She was buried at St Marcella's Church, Denbigh [Map].
Hester Salusbury: In 1637 she was born to Thomas Salusbury 2nd Baronet and Hester Tyrrell Lady Salusbury. Around 1666 Robert Cotton 1st Baronet and she were married. They had five sons and eleven daughters and over one hundred grandchildren. On 23rd May 1684 John Salusbury 4th Baronet died. Baronet Salusbury of Lleweni in Denbighshire extinct. His sister Hester Salusbury and her husband Robert Cotton 1st Baronet inherited his estates. Combermere Papers. After 23rd September 1685. By an act of kindness unusual on the part of James II Sir Robert was allowed the society of one of his family within the Tower He chose his fourth son Thomas a boy of eleven years old and beguiled the tedium of captivity by teaching him to read. Lady Cotton not being allowed to share her husband's imprisonment used to walk every day at a certain hour on Tower Hill till she learnt by an agreed signal hung out from a window that her husband was well. After a short delay Sir Robert was released the charge made against him having been found to be groundless. That there were however letters although perhaps not treasonable from the Electress Sophia we learn from Mrs Piozzi who when a child saw some of this correspondence. She was too young to recollect anything about the contents but was afterwards told that they were full of Latin quotations. In accordance with what seems to have been a family mania for the destruction of papers Lord Combermere's father burnt the letters in question
On 7th October 1733 Thomas Stayner [aged 68] died at West Hampton, Essex. He was buried at Corpus Christi College, Oxford University.
On 7th October 1748 Charles XIII King Sweden was born to Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 38] and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia Queen Consort of Sweden [aged 28].. He a great x 4 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 7th October 1761 Elizabeth Trevor Duchess of Marlborough [aged 48] died.
On 7th October 1793 William Montagu 5th Duke Manchester [aged 21] and Susan Gordon Duchess Manchester were married at Edinburgh. She by marriage Duchess Manchester. She the daughter of Alexander Gordon 4th Duke Gordon [aged 50] and Jane Maxwell Duchess Gordon [aged 45]. He the son of George Montagu 4th Duke Manchester and Elizabeth Dashwood Duchess Manchester [aged 53].
On 7th October 1835 Carlos Miguel Fitz James Stuart 12th Duke Veragua 7th Duke Berwick 14th Duke Alba [aged 41] died. His son Jacopo [aged 14] succeeded 15th Duke Alba, 13th Duke Veragua, 8th Duke of Jérica, 8th Duke of Liria, 8th Duke Berwick.
On 7th October 1856 John White Alexander was born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania. He was orphaned whilst an infant, and was raised by his grandparents.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 7th October 1870 Friedrich Hesse Darmstadt was born to Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke [aged 33] and Princess Alice Saxe Coburg Gotha [aged 27]. He a grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. He died aged two in 1873.
On 7th October 1871 Louise Blanche Howard [aged 29] died from childbirth six weeks after the birth of a child who had died the same or next day after birth. The Foljambe Tomb. Monument in St Mary's Church Tickhill Doncaster [Map] commissioned by her husband Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool [aged 24] who had numerous monuments erected in her memory in places associated with her. Sculpted by William Calder Marshall [aged 58].
Louise Blanche Howard: On 22nd February 1842 she was born to Frederick Howard and Fanny Cavendish. On 22nd July 1869 Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool and she were married. On 21st February 1877 Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool and Susan Louisa Cavendish Countess Liverpool were married. She was a first cousin of his first wife Louise Blanche Howard.
On 7th October 1892 Thomas Woolner [aged 66] died somewhat suddenly, following an internal complaint from which he seemed to be recovering. He was buried in the churchyard at St Mary's Church, Hendon [Map].
On 7th October 1914 Joseph Patrick Kennedy [aged 26] and Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald [aged 24] were married at the private chapel of Archbishop William Henry O'Connell in Boston. After a two-week honeymoon, the couple settled at 83 Beals Street, Boston in the Boston suburb of Brookline, Massachusetts.
On 7th October 1915 Captain Charles Noel Ridley [aged 30] died at St Omer having been mortally wounded on 29 Sep 1915. He was survived by his wife Daphne Bewicke [aged 28] and their three daughters. "The History of the Northumberland (Hussars) Yeomanry, 1819 – 1919 with Supplement to 1923" Edited by Howard Pease M.A., F.S.A. Printed by Constable & Co. Ltd. London 1924. On page 114 of the volume there is the following reference: September 30th [1915] – Most unfortunately Captain C.N. Ridley was killed, and about fourteen other ranks were wounded, whilst burying about forty men just behind "Gun Trench". He was buried at Longuenesse Souvenir Cemetery, St Omer, France.
Daphne Bewicke: On 10th February 1887 she was born to Calverley Bewicke of Close House, Northumberland in Torquay, Devon. In September 1907 Captain Charles Noel Ridley and she were married. In 1918 Hall Grant Pringle and she were married in Brampton, Cumberland. On 23rd April 1947 she died in Whitby, Yorkshire.
After 7th October 1915. St Mungo's Church, Simonburn [Map]. Memorial and window to Captain Charles Noel Ridley [deceased]
On 7th October 1920 Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart 17th Duke of Alba 10th Duke of Berwick [aged 41] and María del Rosario de Silva Duchess of Alba [aged 20] were married. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of Carlos María Fitz James Stuart 16th Duke Alba 14th Duke Veragua 9th Duke Berwick.
On 7th October 1409 Elizabeth Luxemburg Duchess Austria was born to Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund [aged 41] and Barbara of Cilli Holy Roman Empress [aged 17]. She married her fourth cousin Albert Habsburg V Duke Austria, son of Albert Habsburg IV Duke Austria and Joanna Sophia Wittelsbach Duchess Austria, and had issue.
On 7th October 1471 King Frederick I of Denmark was born to Christian I King of Denmark [aged 45] and Dorothea of Brandenburg [aged 40]. He married (1) 10th April 1502 his half second cousin Anna of Brandenburg and had issue (2) 9th October 1518 Sophie of Pomerania Queen Consort of Denmark and Sweden and had issue.
On 7th October 1515 Duarte Aviz was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal [aged 46] and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal [aged 33]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 7th October 1561 Maria Wettin was born to Johann Wilhelm Wettin Duke Saxe Weimar [aged 31] and Dorothea Susanne Palatine Duchess Saxe Weimar at Weimar.
On 7th October 1563 Madeleine Bourbon Condé was born to Louis Bourbon Prince Condé [aged 33] and Eléanor de Roucy de Roye Princess Condé [aged 28].
On 7th October 1573 Archbishop William Laud was born to William Laud and Lucy Webbe at Reading, Berkshire [Map].
On 7th October 1577 Anna Oldenburg was born to John "Younger" Oldenburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg [aged 32] and Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen [aged 27].
On 7th October 1578 Eleonore Magdalene Wittelsbach was born to William Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria [aged 30] and Renata Lorraine Duchess Bavaria [aged 34]. Coefficient of inbreeding 2.86%. She died aged less than one years old.
On 7th October 1601 George Berkeley 8th Baron Berkeley was born to Thomas Berkeley [aged 26] and Elizabeth Carey [aged 25]. He married (1) 13th April 1614 Elizabeth Stanhope Baroness Berkeley and had issue (2) before 10th August 1658 Frances Shirley.
On 7th October 1700 Henry Moore 4th Earl of Drogheda was born to Charles Moore Lord Moore and Jane Loftus [aged 35].
On 7th October 1728 Theophilus Henry Hastings 11th Earl Huntingdon was born to Henry Hastings [aged 27] and Elizabeth Hudson [aged 27].
On 7th October 1729 Anne Bouverie was born to Jacob Bouverie 1st Viscount Folkestone [aged 34] and Mary Clarke. She married before 26th October 1769 George Talbot, son of Charles Talbot 1st Baron Talbot and Cecil Mathew Baroness Talbot, and had issue.
On 7th October 1732 William Anne Capell 4th Earl Essex was born to William Capell 3rd Earl Essex [aged 35] and Elizabeth Russell Countess Essex [aged 21] at Turin. He married (1) 1st August 1754 his half sixth cousin Frances Hanbury Williams Countess Essex and had issue (2) 2nd March 1767 Harriet Bladen Countess Essex and had issue.
Annals of the six Kings of England by Nicholas Trivet
Translation of the Annals of the Six Kings of England by that traces the rise and rule of the Angevin aka Plantagenet dynasty from the mid-12th to early 14th century. Written by the Dominican scholar Nicholas Trivet, the work offers a vivid account of English history from the reign of King Stephen through to the death of King Edward I, blending political narrative with moral reflection. Covering the reigns of six monarchs—from Stephen to Edward I—the chronicle explores royal authority, rebellion, war, and the shifting balance between crown, church, and nobility. Trivet provides detailed insight into defining moments such as baronial conflicts, Anglo-French rivalry, and the consolidation of royal power under Edward I, whose reign he describes with particular immediacy. The Annals combines careful year-by-year reporting with thoughtful interpretation, presenting history not merely as a sequence of events but as a moral and political lesson. Ideal for readers interested in medieval history, kingship, and the origins of the English state, this chronicle remains a valuable and accessible window into the turbulent world of the Plantagenet kings.
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On 7th October 1748 Charles XIII King Sweden was born to Adolph Frederick King Sweden [aged 38] and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia Queen Consort of Sweden [aged 28].. He a great x 4 grandson of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland.
On 7th October 1762 Charles Abbott 1st Baron Tenterden was born to John Abbott of Centrebury. He was baptised at Canterbury Cathedral [Map] on 26th October 1762. He married 13th July 1795 Mary Lamotte and had issue.
On 7th October 1766 Maria Elizabeth Finch was born to Heneage Finch 3rd Earl Aylesford [aged 50] and Charlotte Seymour Countess Aylesford [aged 36].
On 7th October 1778 Thomas Cranley Onslow was born to Thomas Onslow 2nd Earl Onslow [aged 24] and Arabella Mainwaring Ellerker [aged 23]. He married 28th May 1813 Susannah Elizabeth Hillier and had issue.
On 7th October 1778 Vice Admiral Charles Paget was born to Henry Bayly-Paget 1st Earl Uxbridge [aged 34] and Jane Champagné Countess Uxbridge [aged 36]. He married before 15th July 1806 Elizabeth Araminta Monck and had issue.
On 7th October 1781 Henry Alexander Douglas was born to William Douglas 4th Baronet [aged 51] and Grace d William Johnstone Lady Kelhead. He married 31st August 1812 Elizabeth Dalzell and had issue.
On 7th October 1786 James Hamilton was born to John Hamilton 1st Marquess Abercorn [aged 30] and Catherine Moyle Marchioness Abercorn [aged 26]. He married 25th November 1809 Harriet Douglas Countess Aberdeen and had issue.
On 7th October 1808 Catherine Caroline Montagu Countess Colonna-Walewski was born to George Montagu 6th Earl Sandwich [aged 35] and Louisa Lowry-Corry Countess of Sandwich [aged 27]. She married 1st December 1831 Alexandre Florian Joseph Count Colonna-Walewski and had issue.
On 7th October 1809 Robert John Verney 25th Baron Latimer 17th Baron Willoughby de Broke was born to Robert Barnard [aged 49] and Louisa Peyto Verney [aged 30]. He married 25th October 1842 Georgiana Jane Taylor and had issue.
On 7th October 1813 William Richard Arthur Pole Tylney Long Wellesley 5th Earl Mornington was born to William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley 4th Earl Mornington [aged 25] and Catherine "The Wiltshire Heiress" Tylney Long [aged 24] at Wansted House, Essex.
On 7th October 1829 Julia Langston Countess Ducie was born to James Haughton Langston [aged 33] and Julia Reynolds-Moreton [aged 20]. She married 24th May 1849 her first cousin Henry Reynolds-Moreton 3rd Earl of Ducie, son of Henry Reynolds-Moreton 2nd Earl Ducie and Elizabeth Dutton Countess Ducie, and had issue.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 7th October 1856 John White Alexander was born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania. He was orphaned whilst an infant, and was raised by his grandparents.
On 7th October 1870 Friedrich Hesse Darmstadt was born to Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke [aged 33] and Princess Alice Saxe Coburg Gotha [aged 27]. He a grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. He died aged two in 1873.
On 7th October 1884 John Frederick Lambton 5th Earl Durham was born to Frederick Lambton 4th Earl Durham [aged 29] and Beatrix Bulteel Countess Durham [aged 25]. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.57%.
On 7th October 1903 Edward Chichester 6th Marquess Donegal was born to George Augustus Hamilton Chichester 5th Marquess Donegal [aged 81] and Violet Gertrude Twining Marchioness Donegal [aged 23].
On 7th October 1914 Sarah Churchill Baroness Audley was born to Winston Churchill [aged 39] and Clementine Hozier [aged 29]. She married 26th April 1962 Thomas Percy Tuchet-Jesson.
On 7th October 1917 Ronald Kay-Shuttleworth 3rd Baron Shuttleworth was born to Captain Lawrence Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth and Selina Adine Bridgeman [aged 31].
On 7th October 1919 Irene Haig Baroness Astor was born to Field Marshal Douglas Haig 1st Earl Haig [aged 58] and Dorothy Maud Vivian [aged 40]. She married 4th October 1945 Gavin Astor 2nd Baron Astor, son of John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor and Violet Mary Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound Baroness Astor, and had issue.
On 7th October 1921 Helen Alice Douglas Baroness de Mauley was born to Charles William Sholto Douglas [aged 40] and Alice Agnes Fox-Pitt [aged 21]. She married 16th November 1954 her second cousin Captain Gerald Ponsonby 6th Baron de Mauley, son of Hubert William Ponsonby 5th Baron de Mauley and Elgiva Margaret Dundas Baroness de Mauley.
On 7th October 1967 Daniel Finch-Hatton 12th Earl Nottingham 17th Earl of Winchilsea was born to Christopher Finch-Hatton 11th Earl Nottingham 16th Earl of Winchilsea [aged 30] and Shirley Hatfield Countess of Nottingham and Winchilsea.
On 7th October 919 Charles "Simple" III King West Francia [aged 40] and Eadgifu Wessex Queen Consort West Francia were married. She by marriage Queen Consort West Francia. She the daughter of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons [aged 45] and Aelfflaed Wiltshire Queen Anglo Saxons [aged 49]. He the son of Louis "Stammerer" II King Aquitaine III King West Francia and Adelaide Paris Queen Consort Aquitaine and West Francia.
On 7th October 1388 Roger Mortimer 4th Earl March 3rd Earl of Ulster [aged 14] and Eleanor Holland Countess March and Ulster [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Countess March, Countess of Ulster. She the daughter of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent [aged 38] and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent [aged 38]. He the son of Edmund Mortimer 3rd Earl March, Earl of Ulster and Philippa Plantagenet Countess March 2nd Countess Ulster. They were second cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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On 7th October 1548 Augustus Wettin Elector of Saxony [aged 22] and Anna Oldenburg [aged 15] were married at Torgau. She the daughter of Christian III King of Denmark [aged 45] and Dorothea of Saxe Lauenburg Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [aged 37]. They were third cousin once removed.
On 7th October 1663 John Molesworth 2nd Baronet [aged 28] and Margery Wise were married.
On 7th October 1771 Charles Bennet 4th Earl Tankerville [aged 27] and Emma Colebrooke Countess Tankerville [aged 19] were married at Gatton, Surrey. She by marriage Countess Tankerville. He the son of Charles Bennet 3rd Earl Tankerville and Alice Astley Countess Tankerville [aged 54].
On 7th October 1793 William Montagu 5th Duke Manchester [aged 21] and Susan Gordon Duchess Manchester were married at Edinburgh. She by marriage Duchess Manchester. She the daughter of Alexander Gordon 4th Duke Gordon [aged 50] and Jane Maxwell Duchess Gordon [aged 45]. He the son of George Montagu 4th Duke Manchester and Elizabeth Dashwood Duchess Manchester [aged 53].
On 7th October 1796 John Upton 2nd Baron Templetown [aged 24] and Mary Montagu Viscountess Templetown [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Baroness Templetown of Templetown in Antrim. She the daughter of John Montagu 5th Earl Sandwich [aged 52] and Maria Henrietta Powlett.
On 7th October 1826 Edward John Stanley 2nd Baron Stanley and 1st Baron Eddisbury [aged 23] and Henrietta Maria Dillon Baroness Stanley Alderley and Eddisbury [aged 18] were married.
On 7th October 1845 Edmund Beckett 1st Baron Grimthorpe [aged 29] and Fanny Catherine Lonsdale Baroness Beckett [aged 22] were married. She the daughter of Bishop John Lonsdale [aged 57] and Sophia Bolland.
On 7th October 1855 Charles Frederick Smythe 7th Baronet [aged 36] and Maria Stonor [aged 23] were married.
On 7th October 1868 Lawrence Hesketh Palk 2nd Baron Haldon [aged 22] and Constance Mary Barrington Baroness Haldon [aged 21] were married.
On 7th October 1914 Joseph Patrick Kennedy [aged 26] and Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald [aged 24] were married at the private chapel of Archbishop William Henry O'Connell in Boston. After a two-week honeymoon, the couple settled at 83 Beals Street, Boston in the Boston suburb of Brookline, Massachusetts.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 7th October 1920 Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart 17th Duke of Alba 10th Duke of Berwick [aged 41] and María del Rosario de Silva Duchess of Alba [aged 20] were married. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of Carlos María Fitz James Stuart 16th Duke Alba 14th Duke Veragua 9th Duke Berwick.
On 7th October 929 Charles "Simple" III King West Francia [aged 50] died.
On 7th October 1072 Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile [aged 35] died. His brother Alfonso [aged 31] succeeded VI King Castile. Agnes Poitiers Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Castile [aged 14] by marriage Queen Consort Castile.
On 7th October 1328 Robert Holland 1st Baron Holand [aged 45] was captured at Boreham, Essex [Map]. He was beheaded on the 15th October 1328. His son Robert [aged 17] succeeded 2nd Baron Holand.
On 6th or 7th October 1366 Bishop William Evendon died.
On 7th October 1368 Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 29] died from poisoning at Alba [Map]. Duke Clarence extinct. His daughter Philippa [aged 13] succeeded 2nd Countess of Ulster. He was buried at the St Pietro Ciel d'Oro Church, Pavia [Map].
There was strong speculation he had been poisoned by his wife's [aged 14] father [aged 48].
On 7th October 1414 Richard Despencer 4th Baron Burghesh [aged 17] died. His sister Isabel [aged 14] succeeded 5th Baroness Burghesh.
On 7th October 1581 William Keith 4th Earl Marischal [aged 75] died. His grandson George [aged 28] succeeded 5th Earl Marischal. Margaret Home Countess Marischal by marriage Countess Marischal.
On 7th October 1617 Thomas Gerard 1st Baron Gerard [aged 53] died at Ashley, Staffordshire. His son Gilbert succeeded 2nd Baron Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.
On 7th October 1637 Victor Amadeus I Duke of Savoy [aged 50] died.
On 7th October 1642 Anne Browne Lady Playters [aged 78] died.
On 7th October 1698 Thomas Barnardiston 2nd Baronet [aged 52] died. His son Thomas [aged 24] succeeded 3rd Baronet Barnardiston of Ketton in Suffolk.
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 7th October 1710 Helena Burke Countess Antrim died.
On 7th October 1713 Diana Booth Lady Delaval and Blackett died.
On 7th October 1727 Coplestone Warwick Bamfylde 3rd Baronet [aged 37] died. His son Richard [aged 4] succeeded 4th Baronet Bampfylde of Poltimore in Devon.
On 7th October 1731 Alice Caulfeild Baroness Carpenter [aged 70] died.
On 7th October 1733 Thomas Stayner [aged 68] died at West Hampton, Essex. He was buried at Corpus Christi College, Oxford University.
On 7th October 1745 Sophia Fermor Countess Granville died.
On 7th October 1761 Elizabeth Trevor Duchess of Marlborough [aged 48] died.
On 30th September 1767 Martha Kenward Lady Page died. She was buried on 7th October 1767 at St Alfege's Church, Greenwich.
On 7th October 1772 Thomas Butler 6th Baronet died.
On 7th October 1772 Thomas Stepney 7th Baronet [aged 43] died. His son John succeeded 8th Baronet Stepney of Prendergast in Pembrokeshire.
On 7th October 1777 Anne Gibson Lady Webb [aged 72] died.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 7th October 1781 Henry Howe 3rd Baron Chedworth [aged 65] died. His nephew John [aged 27] succeeded 4th Baron Chedworth.
On 7th October 1784 Thomas Trollope 4th Baronet [aged 92] died. His grandson Thomas [aged 22] succeeded 5th Baronet Trollope of Casewick in Lincolnshire.
On 7th October 1785 John Dormer 7th Baron Dormer [aged 94] died. His son Charles [aged 60] succeeded 8th Baron Dormer of Wyng in Buckinghamshire, 8th Baronet Dormer of Wyng in Buckinghamshire. Elizabeth Hamilton Baroness Dormer by marriage Baroness Dormer of Wyng in Buckinghamshire.
On 7th October 1793 Wills Hill 1st Marquess Downshire [aged 75] died. His son Arthur [aged 40] succeeded 2nd Marquess Downshire. Mary Sandys Marchioness Downshire [aged 29] by marriage Marchioness Downshire.
On 7th October 1796 John Steuart [aged 81] died.
On 7th October 1835 Carlos Miguel Fitz James Stuart 12th Duke Veragua 7th Duke Berwick 14th Duke Alba [aged 41] died. His son Jacopo [aged 14] succeeded 15th Duke Alba, 13th Duke Veragua, 8th Duke of Jérica, 8th Duke of Liria, 8th Duke Berwick.
On 7th October 1841 Frederick John Monson 5th Baron Monson [aged 32] died. His half first cousin once removed William [aged 45] succeeded 6th Baron Monson of Burton in Lincolnshire, 10th Baronet Monson of Carleton in Lincolnshire.
On 7th October 1848 George Howard 6th Earl Carlisle [aged 75] died. His son George [aged 46] succeeded 7th Earl Carlisle.
On 7th October 1869 George Rice Trevor 4th Baron Dynevor [aged 74] died at Malvern, Worcestershire. His first cousin Francis [aged 65] succeeded 5th Baron Dynevor of Dynevor in Camarthenshire.
On 7th October 1871 Louise Blanche Howard [aged 29] died from childbirth six weeks after the birth of a child who had died the same or next day after birth. The Foljambe Tomb. Monument in St Mary's Church Tickhill Doncaster [Map] commissioned by her husband Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool [aged 24] who had numerous monuments erected in her memory in places associated with her. Sculpted by William Calder Marshall [aged 58].
Louise Blanche Howard: On 22nd February 1842 she was born to Frederick Howard and Fanny Cavendish. On 22nd July 1869 Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool and she were married. On 21st February 1877 Cecil George Savile Foljambe 1st Earl Liverpool and Susan Louisa Cavendish Countess Liverpool were married. She was a first cousin of his first wife Louise Blanche Howard.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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On 7th October 1874 Thomas William Brograve Proctor-Beauchamp 4th Baronet [aged 59] died. His son Reginald [aged 21] succeeded 5th Baronet Beauchamp-Proctor of Langley Park in Norfolk.
On 7th October 1877 Edward Granville Eliot 3rd Earl St Germans [aged 79] died. His son William [aged 47] succeeded 4th Earl St Germans.
On 7th October 1879 Constance Harriet Amherst Lady Monck [aged 36] died.
On 7th October 1879 Richard Meade 3rd Earl Clanwilliam [aged 84] died.
On 7th October 1892 Thomas Woolner [aged 66] died somewhat suddenly, following an internal complaint from which he seemed to be recovering. He was buried in the churchyard at St Mary's Church, Hendon [Map].
On 7th October 1896 William Edwardes 4th and 1st Baron Kensington [aged 61] died. His son William [aged 28] succeeded 5th Baron Kensington, 2nd Baron Kensington of Middlesex.
On 7th October 1923 Frederick William Hotham 6th Baron Hotham [aged 60] died. His second cousin once removed Henry [aged 24] succeeded 7th Baron Hotham of South Dalton in Yorkshire, 17th Baronet Hotham of Scorborough in Yorkshire. Letitia Sibell Winifred Brownlow-Cecil Baroness Hotham [aged 19] by marriage Baroness Hotham of South Dalton in Yorkshire.
On 7th October 1927 Edward Guiness 1st Earl Iveagh [aged 79] died. His son Rupert [aged 53] succeeded 2nd Earl Iveagh.
On 7th October 1988 Christian Herbert 6th Earl of Powis [aged 84] died. His second cousin George [aged 63] succeeded 7th Earl Powis.
On 7th October 2003 Henry Herbert 17th Earl of Pembroke, 14th Earl of Montgomery [aged 64] died. His son William [aged 25] succeeded 18th Earl Pembroke, 15th Earl Montgomery, 7th Baron Herbert Lea
On 7th October 2020 Lyonel Humphrey John Tollemache 7th Baronet [aged 89] died. His son Richard [aged 54] succeeded 8th Baronet Tollemache of Hanby Hall in Lincolnshire.
On 7th October 2024 Hugh Cholmondeley 5th Baron Delamere [aged 90] died at the Soysambu Ranch, Kenya. His grandson Hugh [aged 26] succeeded 6th Baron Delamere of Vale Royal in Cheshire.