Paternal Family Tree: Anjou aka Plantagenet
Maternal Family Tree: Maud Saye 1155-1222
1392 Death of Isabella of Castile
1396 Marriage of John of Gaunt and Katherine Roet
On 19th May 1359, or thereabouts, a double-royal wedding celebration took place at Reading Abbey, Berkshire [Map] whereby two children of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England [aged 46] were married:
[her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 19] and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Countess Richmond. She the daughter of Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 49] and Isabel Beaumont Duchess Lancaster [aged 39]. He the son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England [aged 48]. They were half second cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 11] and [her aunt] Margaret Plantagenet Countess of Pembroke [aged 12] were married. At the time John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke was a ward of King Edward III of England who would enjoy the benefit of the substantial revenue of the Earldom of Pembroke until John came of age nine years later in 1368. She died two or so years later probably of plague. She the daughter of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England. He the son of Laurence Hastings 1st Earl Pembroke and Agnes Mortimer Countess of Pembroke [aged 42]. They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England.
On 31st March 1360 Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal was born to John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 20] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster [aged 18] at Leicester Castle [Map]. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 10th April 1362 [her aunt] Maud Plantagenet Duchess Lower Bavaria [aged 22] died. Her sister [her mother] Blanche [aged 20] succeeded 6th Countess of Leicester. [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 22] by marriage Earl of Leicester adding a fourth Earldom to the ones he already held: Earl Richmond, Earl Lancaster and Earl Derby.
On 3rd April 1367 the forces of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile [aged 32] commanded by [her uncle] Edward "Black Prince" [aged 36] defeated the army of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile [aged 33] at the Battle of Nájera at Nájera [Map]. The English forces included [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 27], William Scrope, Peter Courtenay [aged 21], John Devereux 1st Baron Devereux [aged 30], John Savile of Shelley and Golcar [aged 42], Bernard Brocas [aged 37] and Thomas Banastre [aged 33].
The forces of Henry "Fratricide" II King Castile included Bertrand Geusclin [aged 47]. The battle achieved little since Bertrand Geusclin escaped.
John Ferrers 4th Baron Ferrers of Chartley [aged 36] was killed. His son Robert [aged 9] succeeded 5th Baron Ferrers of Chartley. Margaret Despencer Baroness Ferrers of Chartley by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
Edward "Black Prince" thereafter returned home, taking Peter's daughters [her step-mother] Constance [aged 13] and Isabella [aged 12] as hostages to ensure Peter would pay the money owed to Edward. Constance married John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster, Isabella married Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 25].
On 12th September 1368 [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster [aged 26] died at Tutbury Castle, Staffordshire [Map]. Her last words were said to be "Souveyne vous de moi" ("Don't forget me") the 'S' of which was possibly subsequently represented on the Lancastrian Esses Collar. She was buried at St Paul's Cathedral [Map]. Her son [her brother] Henry of Grosmont [aged 1] succeeded 3rd Earl Derby, 6th Earl Lancaster.
On 21st September 1371 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 31] and [her step-mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 17] were married at Roquefort, Landes. She by marriage Duchess Lancaster. His younger brother [her uncle] Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 30] married Constance's sister in July 1372. An example of Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. She the illegitmate daughter of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile and Maria Padilla. He the son of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England [aged 58] and [her grandmother] Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England. They were half third cousin twice removed.
On 11th July 1372 [her uncle] Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 31] and Isabella of Castile Duchess York [aged 17] were married at Wallingford, Oxfordshire [Map]. She by marriage Countess Cambridge. She being the younger sister of [her step-mother] Constance [aged 18] who had married Edmund's older brother [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 32] a year before. An example of Marriage of Two Sets of Siblings. She the illegitmate daughter of Peter "Cruel" I King Castile and Maria Padilla. He the son of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England [aged 59] and [her grandmother] Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England. They were half third cousin twice removed.
On 16th January 1373 Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton [aged 31] died. He was buried at Waldon Priory and Abbey [Map]. Earl Hereford, Earl Essex, Earl of Northampton extinct. His estates were divided between his two daughters Eleanor Bohun Duchess Gloucester [aged 7], wife of [her uncle] Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 18] and [her future sister-in-law] Mary Bohun [aged 5], wife of [her brother] Henry of Bolingbroke [aged 5], the future Henry IV, although the title and estates should have been inherited Gilbert Bohun who was a grandson of Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex.
On 24th June 1380 [her brother-in-law] John Hastings 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 7] and [her sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 17] were married at Kenilworth Castle [Map]. She by marriage Countess Pembroke. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 40] and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke and Anne Manny Countess Pembroke. They were half third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
After 24th June 1380 [her brother-in-law] John Hastings 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 7] and [her sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 17] marriage annulled since she had become pregnant by John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 28] whom she subsequently married. It isn't clear whether John Holland was punished; he was half-brother to King Richard II of England [aged 13] through their mother Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales [aged 51].
On 5th February 1381 [her brother] Henry Bolingbroke [aged 13] and [her sister-in-law] Mary Bohun [aged 13] were married at Arundel Castle [Map]. She the daughter of Humphrey Bohun 7th Earl Hereford 6th Earl Essex 2nd Earl of Northampton and Joan Fitzalan Countess Essex, Hereford and Northampton [aged 34]. He the son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 40] and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were second cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 14th June 1381 the mob gained access to the Tower of London [Map] capturing Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales [aged 52], the future [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 14], Joan Holland Duchess York [aged 1] and Archbishop Simon Sudbury [aged 65].
Archbishop Simon Sudbury was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral [Map].
Lord Treasurer Robert Hales [aged 56], who had only been appointed on the 1st February 1381, was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map].
The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel Volume 2 Chapters 61-109 1342-1361
The Chronicle of Jean le Bel, Volume 2 continues one of the most important fourteenth-century accounts of the early Hundred Years’ War. Written by the Liège chronicler Jean le Bel, this vivid narrative follows the fortunes of Edward III, Jean II of France, the Black Prince, the great nobles of France and England, and the soldiers, captains and companies who shaped the conflict. This volume covers some of the most dramatic events of the period, including the battles of Crécy and Poitiers, the siege and capture of Calais, the captivity of King John, the rise of the Jacquerie, the turmoil in Paris under Étienne Marcel and Charles of Navarre, the devastation caused by the free companies, Edward III’s great campaign of 1359–1360, and the negotiations leading to the Treaty of Brétigny. Jean le Bel’s chronicle is especially valuable for its lively detail, its interest in chivalry, warfare, politics and reputation, and its influence on later chroniclers, most famously Froissart. This English translation presents the text in clear, readable British English while preserving the force and character of the original narrative. The translation includes extensive notes to help the reader better understand Jean le Bel's text. Volume 2 also includes translated appendices drawn from royal and administrative records, many from the English Record Office, which illuminate Edward III’s campaigns in Brittany, the siege and occupation of Calais, naval preparations, military finance, appointments, safe conducts and related affairs.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 22nd October 1383 Ferdinand I King Portugal [aged 37] died. His half brother [her future husband] John [aged 31] succeeded I King Portugal.
On 24th June 1386 [her brother-in-law] John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 34] and [her sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 23] were married at Plymouth, Devon [Map]. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 46] and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of Thomas Holland 1st Earl Kent and Joan "Fair Maid of Kent" Princess Wales. They were half second cousin once removed. He a great grandson of King Edward I of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 2nd February 1387 King John I of Portugal [aged 35] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 26] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Portugal. She the daughter of John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 46] and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. He the son of Peter I King Portugal and Inês Castro. They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 19th December 1387 an army of the Lords Appellant led by the future [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 20] prevented the forces of King Richard II of England [aged 20] commanded by Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland [aged 25] from crossing the bridge [Map] over the River Thames at Radcot in Oxfordshire. When [her uncle] Thomas of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester [aged 32] arrived with further Lord Appellant's men the King's men were encircled. The King's men attempted to force the crossing of the bridge at which time the only casualties occurred including Thomas Molyneux [aged 49] who was killed by Thomas Mortimer [aged 37]. Around 800 men drowned in the marshes whilst trying to escape. Robert de Vere 1st Duke Ireland narrowly escaped to France.
On 13th July 1388 [her daughter] Blanche Aviz was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 36] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 28]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She died aged less than one years old.
Before 17th September 1388 [her brother-in-law] Henry III King Castile [aged 8] and [her half-sister] Catherine of Lancaster Queen Consort Castile [aged 15] were married at Palencia Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Queen Consort Castile. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 48] and [her step-mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 34]. He the son of John I King Castile [aged 30] and Eleanor Barcelona Queen Consort Castile. They were half second cousins. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 6th March 1389 [her daughter] Blanche Aviz died.
On 30th July 1390 [her son] Afonso Aviz was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 38] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 30]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. He died aged ten in 1400.
In 1391 [her brother-in-law] Robert Ferrers [aged 18] and [her illegitimate half-sister] Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 12] were married at Beaufort en Vallée [Map]. She the illegitmate daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 50] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 40].
On 31st October 1391 [her son] Edward "The Philosopher" I King Portugal was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 39] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 31]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. He married 22nd September 1428 his first cousin once removed Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal, daughter of Ferdinand I King Aragon and Eleanor of Alberquerque Queen Consort Aragon, and had issue.
On 9th December 1392 [her son] Peter Aviz I Duke Coimbra was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 40] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 32]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. He married 1429 Isabella Urgell and had issue.
On 23rd December 1392 Isabella of Castile Duchess York [aged 37] died. She was buried at King's Langley Priory, Hertfordshire [Map]. She the wife of [her uncle] Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York [aged 51]. Isabella had travelled to England with her sister [her step-mother] Constance of Castile Duchess of Lancaster [aged 38] who had married Edmund's elder brother John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 52]. Isabella and Edmund's marriage was not, apparently, a happy one. She is known to have had an affair with John Holland 1st Duke Exeter [aged 40] who may have been the father of Richard of Conisbrough 1st Earl Cambridge [aged 7] progenitor of the House of York.
On 4th March 1394 [her son] Henry "The Navigator" Aviz was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 42] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 33]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 13th January 1396 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 55] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 45] were married at Lincoln Cathedral [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Lancaster. He the son of [her grandfather] King Edward III of England and [her grandmother] Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Before 29th November 1396 [her brother-in-law] Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 32] and [her illegitimate half-sister] Joan Beaufort Countess of Westmoreland [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Baroness Neville Raby. She the illegitmate daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 56] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 46]. They were half fifth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 21st February 1397 [her daughter] Isabella Aviz Duchess Burgundy was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 45] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 36]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She married 7th January 1430 her third cousin Philip "Good" Valois III Duke Burgundy, son of John "Fearless" Valois Duke Burgundy and Margaret Wittelsbach Duchess Burgundy, and had issue.
On 27th November 1397 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 24] and [her sister-in-law] Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 12] were married. She by marriage Countess Somerset. She the daughter of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent [aged 47]. He the illegitmate son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 57] and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 47]. They were half third cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
On 27th February 1398 [her illegitimate half-brother] Cardinal Henry Beaufort [aged 23] was appointed Bishop of Lincoln.
On 11th April 1398 [her daughter] Blanche Aviz was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 46] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 38]. She a great granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She died aged less than one years old.
On 27th July 1398 [her daughter] Blanche Aviz died.
Froissart Book 4 Chapter 95. 16th September 1398. Not long after this, the king of England [aged 31] summoned a large council of the great nobles and prelates at Eltham [Map]. On their arrival, he placed his two uncles of [her father] Lancaster [aged 58] and York [aged 57] beside him, with the earls of Northumberland [aged 56], Salisbury [aged 48] and Huntingdon [aged 46]. The earl of Derby [aged 31] and the earl marshal [aged 30] were sent for, and put into separate chambers, for it had been ordered they were not to meet. The king showed he wished to mediate between them, notwithstanding their words had been very displeasing to him, and ought not to be lightly pardoned. He required therefore that they should submit themselves to his decision; and to this end sent the constable of England, with four great barons, to oblige them to promise punctually to obey it. The constable and the lords waited on the two earls, and explained the king's intentions. They both bound themselves, in their presence, to abide by whatever sentence the king should give. They having reported this, the king said, "Well then, I order that the earl marshal, for having caused trouble in this kingdom, by uttering words which he could not prove otherwise than by common report, be banished the realm: he may seek any other land he pleases to dwell in, but he must give over all hope of returning hither, as I banish him for life. I also order, that the earl of Derby, our cousin, for having angered us, and because he has been, in some measure, the cause of the earl marshal's crime and punishment, prepare to leave the kingdom within fifteen days, and be banished hence for the term of ten years, without daring to return unless recalled by us; but we shall reserve to ourself the power of abridging this term in part or altogether." The sentence was satisfactory to the lords present, who said: "The earl of Derby may readily go two or three years and amuse himself in foreign parts, for he is young enough; and, although he has already travelled to Prussia, the Holy Sepulchre, Cairo and Saint Catherine's1, he will find other places to visit. He has two sisters, queens of Castillo [aged 25] and of Portugal [aged 38], and may cheerfully pass his time with them. The lords, knights and squires of those countries, will make him welcome, for at this moment all warfare is at an end. On his arrival in Castille, as he is very active, he may put them in motion, and lead them against the infidels of Granada, which will employ his time better than remaining idle in England. Or he may go to Hainaut, where his cousin, and brother in arms, the count d'Ostrevant, will be happily to see him, and gladly entertain him, that he may assist him in his war against the Frieslanders. If he go to Hainaut, lie can have frequent intelligence from his own country and children. He therefore cannot fail of doing well, whithersoever he goes; and the king may speedily recall him, through means of the good friends he will leave behind, for he is the finest feather in his cap; and he must not therefore suffer him to be too long absent, if he wish to gain the love of his subjects. The earl marshal has had hard treatment, for he is banished without hope of ever being recalled; but, to say the truth, he has deserved it, for all this mischief has been caused by him and his foolish talking: he must therefore pay for it." Thus conversed many English knights with each other, the day the king passed sentence on the earl of Derby and the earl marshal.
Note 1. The monastery on Mount Sinai. - Ed.
On 3rd February 1399 [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster [aged 58] died at Leicester Castle [Map]. [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster [aged 48] was by his side. His son [her brother] Henry [aged 31] succeeded 2nd Duke Lancaster, 7th Earl of Leicester. He was buried in the Choir of St Paul's Cathedral [Map] with his first wife [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster.
King Richard II of England [aged 32] witheld the future Henry IV's inheritance from him giving Henry reason to return to England to claim his lands and titles.
On 30th September 1399 [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 32] became King of England usurping the throne of his cousin Richard II [aged 32] and Richard's heir, the seven year old Edmund Mortimer 5th Earl of March [aged 7] who was descended from Edward III's second son [her uncle] Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence. This second usurption was to have far reaching consequences since it subsequently became the descent by which the House of York claimed precedence over the House of Lancaster being one of the causes of the Wars of the Roses. Duke Lancaster, Duke of Hereford, Earl Derby, Earl Lancaster and Earl of Leicester merged with the Crown.
[her brother-in-law] Ralph Neville 1st Earl of Westmoreland [aged 35] was appointed Earl Marshal.
In 1400 [her brother-in-law] John Cornwall 1st Baron Fanhope 1st Baron Milbroke [aged 36] and [her sister] Elizabeth Lancaster Duchess Exeter [aged 36] were married. She the daughter of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King John of England. She a granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 13th January 1400 [her son] Prince John Aviz Constable Portugal was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 48] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 39]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England. He married 1424 his niece Isabella of Braganza and had issue.
On 8th November 1400 [her illegitimate step-son] Afonso Aviz I Duke Braganza [aged 23] and Beatriz Pereira de Alvim [aged 20] were married. He the illegitmate son of [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 48] and Ines Peres.
On 22nd December 1400 [her son] Afonso Aviz [aged 10] died.
On 29th September 1402 [her son] Ferdinand Aviz was born to [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 50] and Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 42]. He a great grandson of King Edward III of England.
On 7th February 1403 [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 35] and [her sister-in-law] Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England [aged 33] were married at Winchester, Hampshire [Map]. His third marriage, her second. She had eight children with her first husband but, despite ten years of marriage, none with Henry. She the daughter of Charles "Bad" II King Navarre and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre. He the son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and [her mother] Blanche Duchess of Lancaster. They were third cousins. He a grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
On 21st July 1403 [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 36], with his son the future [her nephew] King Henry V of England [aged 16], defeated the rebel army of Henry "Hotspur" Percy [aged 39] at the Battle of Shrewsbury at the site now known as Battlefield, Shrewsbury [Map]. King Henry V of England took an arrow to the side of his face. John Stanley [aged 53] was wounded in the throat. Thomas Strickland [aged 36] fought and was awarded £38 and two of the rebel Henry's horses. Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick [aged 21] fought for the King. Walter Blount [aged 55], the King's Standard Bearer, was killed by Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine [aged 31].
Thomas Wendesley [aged 59], Edmund Cockayne [aged 47] and Robert Goushill were killed.
Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford [aged 25] was killed. His son Humphrey Stafford succeeded 6th Earl Stafford, 7th Baron Stafford.
Hugh Shirley [aged 52] was killed; he was one of four knights dressed as King Henry IV of England.
Of the rebels, Henry "Hotspur" Percy, Madog Kynaston [aged 43] and John Clifton were killed.
Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester [aged 60] was beheaded after the battle. Earl Worcester extinct.
Richard Vernon 11th Baron Shipbrook [aged 48] was hanged. Baron Shipbrook forfeit.
John Rossall was killed. His sister Eleanor Rossall [aged 26] inherited a half-share in the Rossall Shrewsbury [Map] estates.
John Massey [aged 65] was killed.
Before 15th February 1404 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 27] and [her sister-in-law] Margaret Neville Countess Dorest [aged 20] were married. He the illegitmate son of [her father] John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and [her step-mother] Katherine Swynford aka Roet Duchess Lancaster. They were half fifth cousin once removed. He a grandson of King Edward III of England.
Letters. 4th November 1405. Letter XXXI. Philippa Queen of Portugal [aged 45] to her brother Henry IV [aged 38].
Most high and most puissant prince, my most supremely beloved brother.
I recommend myself to your high nobleness as humbly and entirely as I can or know how with all my entire heart, supremely desiring to hear and know often of your estate and health; and in special of the prosperity of your most genteel person, as good, pleasant, and joyous news as you yourself, most noble prince, could best devise, or in any manner desire, for your sovereign ease and comfort. And because I am certain that you would most willingly hear similar things from here, I signify to you that the king my sovereign lord, all my children, your own nephews, who wish always to be most humbly recommended to you, and I their mother, your own sister, at the making of these presents were all well and hearty of body, thanks to our Creator, who ever maintain you in honour and prosperity according to your desire.
Most high and puissant prince, my best beloved brother, please it you to know that by Mr. John Wiltshire, knight and ambassador of our cousin the Earl of Arundel [aged 20], I am here informed how a sum of gold is yet owing to you by the said earl, which he pledged himself to pay you for the license which it pleased your gracious lordship to grant and give him in his nonage, that he might marry according to his wish, and in whatever place he saw fitting to his estate. And since you know well, my supremely best-loved brother, that he is now married not after his own seeking but as by your commandment, in part at my instance, I therefore supplicate you, since you are so great and noble a prince, as entirely as I know how, that it will please you to quit claim to the said sum at this my request, in order that I, who am in part the cause of his marriage, may be the cause of the acquittal of the said sum. And if there be anything in these parts which might give you pleasure, may it please you to command and certify it to me, and I will do it to my utmost power without hypocrisy. So I pray our sovereign Lord Jesu ever to give you prosperity, plesaunce, and joy, and very long to endure. Written at the palace of Lisbon [Map], the 4th day of November.
Your entire and loyal sister, P. de P.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 26th November 1405 Thomas Fitzalan 10th Earl of Surrey 5th or 12th Earl of Arundel [aged 24] and [her illegitimate step-daughter] Beatrice Aviz Duchess Exeter [aged 23] were married. [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 38] and [her sister-in-law] Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England [aged 35] were present at their wedding feast. She the illegitmate daughter of [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 53] and Ines Peres. He the son of Richard Fitzalan 9th Earl of Surrey 4th or 11th Earl of Arundel and Elizabeth Bohun Countess Arundel and Surrey. They were half fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward I of England.
On 16th March 1410 [her illegitimate half-brother] John Beaufort 1st Marquess Somerset and Dorset [aged 37] died at Hospital of St Katharine's by the Tower, Tower Hill [Map]. He was buried at St Michael's Chapel, Canterbury Cathedral [Map]. His son [her illegitimate nephew] Henry [aged 9] succeeded 2nd Earl Somerset.
On 5th July 1411 [her illegitimate half-brother] Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 34] was created 1st Earl Dorset. [her sister-in-law] Margaret Neville Countess Dorest [aged 27] by marriage Countess Dorset.
In 1412 [her nephew] Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 24] was created 1st Duke Clarence by [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 44]. [her former sister-in-law] Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence [aged 27] by marriage Duchess Clarence.
On 20th March 1413 [her brother] King Henry IV of England [aged 45] died in the Jerusalem Chamber, Cheyneygates, Westminster Abbey [Map] in Westminster Abbey confirming a prophesy that he would die in Jerusalem. His son [her nephew] Henry [aged 26] succeeded V King of England. His sons King Henry V of England and Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester [aged 22] were present. He was buried in the Chancel of Canterbury Cathedral [Map].
In 1415 Gilbert Talbot 8th Baron Strange Blackmere 5th Baron Talbot [aged 32] and [her illegitimate step-daughter] Beatrice Aviz Duchess Exeter [aged 33] were married. She the illegitmate daughter of [her husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 63] and Ines Peres. They were half fifth cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England.
On 19th July 1415 Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal [aged 55] died at Sacavém.
On 14th August 1433 [her former husband] King John I of Portugal [aged 81] died at Lisbon [Map]. His son Edward [aged 41] succeeded I King Portugal.
Kings Wessex: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Kings Godwinson: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 8 Grand Daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland
Kings France: Great x 2 Grand Daughter of King Philip IV of France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 14 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Kings Spain: Great x 6 Grand Daughter of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John of England 
son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry III of England son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England 5 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Edward I of England son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond IV Count Provence 
Grandson of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence 13 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 1 Grandfather: King Edward II of England son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso IX King Leon 
Grandson of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ferdinand III King Castile III King Leon Great Grandson of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Berengaria Ivrea I Queen Castile Granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England 2 x Great Granddaughter of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandfather: Simon Dammartin 10 x Great Grandson of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Dammartin Queen Consort Castile and Leon 2 x Great Granddaughter of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Montgomery Countess Ponthieu Great Granddaughter of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Grandfather: King Edward III of England son of King Edward II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France 
son of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Philip III of France son of King Louis IX of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Philip IV of France son of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: James I King Aragon Grandson of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violant Árpád Queen Consort Aragon 4 x Great Granddaughter of King Harold II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella of France Queen Consort England daughter of King Philip IV of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Theobald IV King Navarre 
Great Grandson of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry I King Navarre 2 x Great Grandson of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Bourbon Queen Consort Navarre 
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joan Blois I Queen Navarre Great Granddaughter of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Capet Count of Artois son of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 3 Grandmother: Blanche Capet Queen Navarre Granddaughter of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol 2 x Great Granddaughter of King Stephen I England
father: John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Bouchard Avesnes
Great x 3 Grandfather: John of Avesnes I Count Hainaut 4 x Great Grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret II Countess Flanders 3 x Great Granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: John of Avesnes II Count Hainaut II Count Holland 3 x Great Grandson of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Floris Gerulfing IV Count Holland 
2 x Great Grandson of King David I of Scotland
Great x 3 Grandmother: Adelaide Gerulfing Countess Hainaut 2 x Great Granddaughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mathilde Reginar Countess Holland and Palatine Great Granddaughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 1 Grandfather: William of Avesnes I Count Hainaut III Count Avesnes III Count Holland II Count Zeeland 4 x Great Grandson of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Waleran Luxemburg III Duke Limburg 
10 x Great Grandson of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry "Great" Luxemburg V Count Luxemburg III Count Namur 8 x Great Grandson of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons
Great x 4 Grandmother: Erminsende Namur Countess of Bar 7 x Great Granddaughter of King Edward "Elder" of the Anglo Saxons
Great x 2 Grandmother: Philippa Luxemburg Countess Hainaut and Holland 5 x Great Granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry of Bar II Count of Bar 3 x Great Grandson of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret of Bar Countess Luxemburg and Namur 4 x Great Granddaughter of King William "Conqueror" I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Philippa Capet Countess of Bar 5 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Grandmother: Philippa of Hainaut Queen Consort England Great Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis IX of France son of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Philip III of France son of King Louis IX of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Provence Queen Consort France Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles Valois I Count Valois son of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: James I King Aragon Grandson of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Violant Árpád Queen Consort Aragon 4 x Great Granddaughter of King Harold II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Joan Valois Countess Zeeland Holland Avesnes and Hainaut Granddaughter of King Philip III of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Charles Capet of Sicily son of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles II King Naples Grandson of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Provence Queen Consort Sicily Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Capet Countess Valois Great Granddaughter of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Stephen V of Hungary 5 x Great Grandson of King Harold II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary of Hungary Queen Consort Naples 6 x Great Granddaughter of King Harold II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Cuman
Philippa of Lancaster Queen Consort Portugal 
Granddaughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King John of England son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Henry III of England son of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England 5 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 2 Grandfather: Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Raymond IV Count Provence Grandson of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England Great Granddaughter of Alfonso II King Aragon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Beatrice Savoy Countess Provence 13 x Great Granddaughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster Grandson of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: King Louis VIII of France son of King Philip II of France
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Capet Count of Artois son of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandmother: Blanche Ivrea Queen Consort France Granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Blanche Capet Queen Navarre Granddaughter of King Louis VIII of France
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Reginar II Duke Brabant Great Grandson of King Stephen I England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Reginar Countess Saint Pol 2 x Great Granddaughter of King Stephen I England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie Swabia Duchess Brabant
Grandfather: Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster 
Great Grandson of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth 
Great x 2 Grandfather: Patrick Chaworth
Great x 1 Grandmother: Maud Chaworth 9 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 
8 x Great Grandson of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Beauchamp 9th Earl Warwick 7 x Great Grandson of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Maudit 6 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabella Beauchamp 8 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzgeoffrey
Great x 3 Grandmother: Maud Fitzjohn Countess Warwick 8 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Bigod 
7 x Great Granddaughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
mother: Blanche Duchess of Lancaster 2 x Great Granddaughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Erard Brienne II Count Brienne
Great x 3 Grandfather: John de Brienne I King Jerusalem
Great x 4 Grandmother: Agnès Montfaucon Countess Brienne
Great x 2 Grandfather: Louis Brienne Viscount Beaumont 2 x Great Grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alfonso IX King Leon Grandson of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 3 Grandmother: Beregaria Ivrea Great Granddaughter of Alfonso VII King Castile VII King Leon
Great x 4 Grandmother: Berengaria Ivrea I Queen Castile Granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Beaumont Earl Buchan 
3 x Great Grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Beaumont Sarthe I Viscount Grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Raoul Beaumont Sarthe I Viscount Great Grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Lucie Aigle Viscountess
Great x 2 Grandmother: Agnes Beaumont Sarthe 2 x Great Granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Agnes de La Flèche Flèche Viscountess
Grandmother: Isabel Beaumont Duchess Lancaster 4 x Great Granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Comyn Earl Buchan
Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Comyn 2nd Earl Buchan
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Buchan Countess Buchan
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alexander Comyn 4 x Great Grandson of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger de Quincy 2nd Earl Winchester 6 x Great Grandson of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Quincy Countess Buchan 3 x Great Granddaughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Helen Galloway Countess Winchester 2 x Great Granddaughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 1 Grandmother: Alice Comyn 4th Countess Buchan 5 x Great Granddaughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Latimer of Corby
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Latimer 1st Baron Latimer of Corby
Great x 2 Grandmother: Joanna Latimer 11 x Great Granddaughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Ledet
Great x 3 Grandmother: Alicia Ledet Baroness Latimer Corby 10 x Great Granddaughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermentrude Lisle 
9 x Great Granddaughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd